[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-113047-en":3,"doc-seo-113047-105":29,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":90},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":27,"read_time":28},113047,1099513958607,"Jiven","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/100002390cf8733938c?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1778829742770036399",8,"Research & Report","Where Is the Value in the Chain? - Pathways out of Plastic Pollution","This report investigates where the economic value in plastic systems is created and captured across markets, policies, and supply chains, and how that structure drives plastic pollution. It outlines development-linked drivers, explains the hidden costs of plastics, and presents approaches to manage pollution through data collection, target setting, and policy instrument selection. It also evaluates tools for estimating substitution tradeoffs and simulating whole-system policy packages, culminating in conclusions and practical guidance.","Pub lic Disclosure Authorized Pub lic Disclosure Authorized Pub lic Disclosure Authorized Pub lic Disclosure Authorized  \nWhere Is the Value in  \nthe Chain?  \nPathways out of Plastic Pollution  \nWhere Is the Value in  \nthe Chain?  \nWhere Is the Value in  \nthe Chain?  \nPathways out of Plastic Pollution  \n© 2022 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433  \nTelephone: 202-473-1000; [Internet: www.worldbank.org](Internet: www.worldbank.org)  \nSome rights reserved 1 2 3 4 25 24 23 22  \nThis work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy, completeness, or currency of the data included in this work and does not assume responsibility for any errors, omissions, or discrepancies in the information, or liability with respect to the use of or failure to use the information, methods, processes, or conclusions set forth. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.  \nNothing herein shall constitute or be construed or considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of The World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved.  \nRights and Permissions  \nThis work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO) [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo. Under the Creative Commons Attribution](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo. Under the Creative Commons Attribution) license, you are free to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt this work, including for commercial purposes, under the following conditions:  \nAttribution—Please cite the work as follows: World Bank. 2022. Where Is the Value in the Chain? Pathways out of Plastic Pollution. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-1881-3 .  \nLicense: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO  \nTranslations—If you create a translation of this work, please add the following disclaimer along with the attribution: This translation was not created by The World Bank and should not be considered an official World Bank translation. The World Bank shall not be liable for any content or error in this translation.  \nAdaptations—If you create an adaptation of this work, please add the following disclaimer along with the attribution: This is an adaptation of an original work by The World Bank. Views and opinions expressed in the adaptation are the sole responsibility of the author or authors of the adaptation and are not endorsed by The World Bank.  \nThird-party content—The World Bank does not necessarily own each component of the content contained within the work. The World Bank therefore does not warrant that the use of any third-partyowned individual component or part contained in the work will not infringe on the rights of those third parties. The risk of claims resulting from such infringement rests solely with you. If you wish to re-use a component of the work, it is your responsibility to determine whether permission is needed for that re-use and to obtain permission from the copyright owner. Examples of components can include, but are not limited to, tables, figures, or images.  \nAll queries on rights and licenses should be addressed to World Bank Publications, The World Bank Group, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; [e-mail: pubrights@worldbank.org](e-mail: pubrights@worldbank.org).  \nISBN (paper): 978-1-4648-1881-3  \nISBN (electronic): 978-1-4648-1882-0  \nDOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1881-3  \nCover images: ©mihtiander/iStock; ©Artphoto13/iStock; ©[lstore.graphics. Used with](l","cbCaikmBoMYA3SfT","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaikmBoMYA3SfT","pdf",6290560,1,147,"English","en",105,"# Foreword\n# Preface\n# Acknowledgments\n# About the Authors\n# Executive Summary\n# Abbreviations\n# CHAPTER 1 Understanding the Drivers of Plastic Pollution\n## Plastic Pollution Is a Development Issue\n## Drivers of Plastic Pollution: Multiple Market and Policy Failures\n## The Hidden Costs of Plastic\n# CHAPTER 2 Managing Plastic Pollution\n## Data Collection, Baseline Diagnostics, and Modeling\n## Setting Targets\n## Identifying Available Technical and Behavioral Measures\n## Choosing Policy Instruments\n## Implementation, Enforcement, Monitoring, and Evaluation\n# CHAPTER 3 Setting Targets Based on the True Cost of Plastics and Alternatives\n## Techniques Used to Support Target Setting\n## The Plastic Substitution Tradeoff Estimator\n## Lessons from Implementing the Estimator\n# CHAPTER 4 Choosing Plastics Policy Instruments\n## Lessons Learned from Existing Policy Instruments\n## Applying the Plastics Policy Simulator in Indonesia\n## The Plastics Policy Simulator: Architecture and Methodology\n# CHAPTER 5 Conclusions\n# Appendix A Collecting Data: Examples of Methodologies and Tools\n# Appendix B The Plastic Substitution Tradeoff Estimator: Overview\n# Appendix C Plastics Policy Simulator: Policy Package Comparison\n# Appendix D Tackling Plastic Pollution: Toward Experience-Based Policy Guidance—Executive Summary","[{\"question\":\"What core question does the report address about plastics and value chains?\",\"answer\":\"It examines where value in the chain is located and how those value-creation and capture mechanisms shape incentives that contribute to plastic pollution.\"},{\"question\":\"Which main drivers of plastic pollution are highlighted?\",\"answer\":\"The report emphasizes plastic pollution as a development issue driven by multiple market and policy failures and associated hidden costs.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the report help policymakers set targets and choose instruments?\",\"answer\":\"It covers data collection and modeling, target setting, identifying technical and behavioral measures, and selecting policy instruments, supported by tools such as a substitution tradeoff estimator and a plastics policy 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