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This research explains how white district leaders resist enacting meaningful improvement that would require relinquishing white people’s control of leadership. Using critical race theory’s tenet of whiteness as property, the study shows how leaders maintain propertied interests in leadership and related benefits instead of engaging practice-changing equity work that generates equitable learning opportunities for youth of color.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/when-equity-leadership-keeps-white-leaders-in-control-a-whiteness-as-property-analysis-of-district-equity-work-602291/602291/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/when-equity-leadership-keeps-white-leaders-in-control-a-whiteness-as-property-analysis-of-district-equity-work-602291/602291.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"dawugda","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-04","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What problem does the article address?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It addresses how racialized opportunity gaps persist even when schools claim commitments to equity and racial justice, especially in urban communities.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does the study explain resistance to district improvement?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It shows that white district leaders resist meaningful improvement when it would require giving up white control of leadership.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What theoretical framework guides the analysis?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The article draws on critical race theory’s concept of whiteness as property to examine how leaders protect their propertied interests in leadership.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},602291,1792190208,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":44,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},3985747870947,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_3d24733baf745e90a7e4bdd5f77d97b2","SPECIAL ISSUE Transforming School Systems  \neducation policy analysis archives  \nA peer-reviewed, independent, open access, multilingual journal  \nArizona State University  \n\n| Volume 33 Number 9 | January 28 , 2025 | ISSN 1068-2341 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n\nWhen Equity Leadership Keeps White Leaders in Control: A Whiteness as Property Analysis of District Equity Work  \nJason D. Salisbury  \n&  \nLakrista L. Cummings  \nUniversity of Illinois at Chicago  \nUnited States  \nCitation: Salisbury, J. D., & Cummings, L. L. (2025). When equity leadership keeps white leaders in control: A whiteness as property analysis of district equity work. Education Policy Analysis Archives, 33(9). [https://doi.org/10.14507/epaa.33.8540](https://doi.org/10.14507/epaa.33.8540) This article is part of the special issue Transforming School Systems: Questions of Power, Resistance, Equity, and Community guest edited by Caitlin Farrell and Vidya Shah.  \nAbstract: Globally, schools continue to espouse commitments to equity and racial justice, yet racialized opportunity gaps continue to exist in schools, especially schools located in urban communities. In this research, we offer an empirically based explanation for this phenomenon by demonstrating how white district leaders resist enacting meaningful district improvement when it could require them to relinquish white peoples’ control of leadership. Specifically, we draw on critical race theory’s tenet of whiteness as property to reveal the ways white leaders work to maintain their propertied interest in leadership and the related benefits as opposed to engaging in the types of deep practice-changing equity work required to shift organizational practices in ways to generate equitable learning opportunities for youth of color. Implications of this research call for researchers and leadership preparation programs to invest in preparing leaders who are able to center shifting professional practices over maintaining access to the benefits of leadership.  \nJournal website: [http://epaa.asu.edu/ojs/ ](http://epaa.asu.edu/ojs/  Manuscript)[ Manuscript](http://epaa.asu.edu/ojs/  Manuscript) received: 13/12/2023  \nFacebook: /EPAAA Revisions received: 16/9/2024  \nTwitter: @epaa_aape Accepted: 22/1/2024  \nWhen equity leadership keeps white leaders in control 2  \nKeywords: critical race theory; whiteness as property; district leadership; race-conscious improvement  \nCuando el liderazgo en equidad mantiene a líderes blancos en el poder: Un análisis de lablancura como propiedad en el trabajo de equidad a nivel distrital  \nResumen: A nivel global, las escuelas continúan proclamando compromisos con la equidad y la justicia racial, pero las brechas racializadas en las oportunidades persisten, especialmente en escuelasubicadas en comunidades urbanas. En esta investigación, ofrecemos una explicación empírica para este fenómeno al demostrar cómo los líderes distritales blancos resisten implementar mejorassignificativas en los distritos cuando esto podría requerir que renuncien al control que tienen sobre elliderazgo como personas blancas. Específicamente, nos basamos en el principio de la teoría críticade la raza que define la blancura como propiedad para revelar cómo los líderes blancos trabajan paramantener su interés de propiedad en el liderazgo y los beneficios asociados, en lugar decomprometerse con los tipos de trabajo en equidad que transforman prácticas organizacionales de manera que generen oportunidades de aprendizaje equitativas para jóvenes de color. Las implicaciones de esta investigación llaman a los investigadores y programas de formación de líderes ainvertir en preparar líderes capaces de priorizar la transformación de prácticas profesionales sobre el mantenimiento del acceso a los beneficios del liderazgo.  \nPalabras clave: teoría crítica de la raza; blancura como propiedad; liderazgo distrital; mejoraconsciente de la raza  \nQuando a liderança em equidade mantém líderes brancos no poder: Uma análise dabranquitude co","cbCaia2pn4fisF58","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaia2pn4fisF58","pdf",402441,21,"English","# Abstract\n## Equity leadership and racialized opportunity gaps\n## Whiteness as property and propertied interests\n## Implications for researchers and leadership preparation programs","[{\"question\":\"What problem does the article address?\",\"answer\":\"It addresses how racialized opportunity gaps persist even when schools claim commitments to equity and racial justice, especially in urban communities.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the study explain resistance to district improvement?\",\"answer\":\"It shows that white district leaders resist meaningful improvement when it would require giving up white control of leadership.\"},{\"question\":\"What theoretical framework guides the analysis?\",\"answer\":\"The article draws on critical race theory’s concept of whiteness as property to examine how leaders protect their propertied interests in leadership.\"}]","When Equity Leadership Keeps White Leaders in Control - A Whiteness as Property Analysis of District Equity Work | PDF",1792094416,53]