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Funded by the U.S. Department of Education through the CTE Research Network, this systematic review synthesizes causal research from the past 20 years to address whether CTE benefits students, which students benefit, and under what conditions. The report summarizes research questions, outcome domains, represented program types, impacts, evidence gaps, and factors that may explain variation in effects.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/what-we-know-about-the-impact-of-career-and-technical-education-a-systematic-review-of-the-research/265742/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/what-we-know-about-the-impact-of-career-and-technical-education-a-systematic-review-of-the-research/265742.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Miles","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-11","2026-09-14",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":56},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the purpose of this systematic review of CTE research?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It synthesizes causal CTE research to determine whether CTE benefits students, which students benefit, and in which settings, addressing gaps in prior evidence.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What does the report cover in its findings section?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It describes types of CTE programs represented, summarizes impacts of CTE on student outcomes, and identifies evidence gaps.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How does the review explain differences in observed effects across studies?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"It identifies factors that may affect the heterogeneity of effects, helping interpret why results vary across contexts and program types.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},265742,1789400236,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":56,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},13056703019404,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","What We Know About the Impact of Career and Technical Education: A Systematic Review of the Research  \nMARCH 2024  \nJim Lindsay | Katherine Hughes | Shaun M. Dougherty | Kelly Reese | Megha Joshi  \nMarch 2024  \nAuthors: Jim Lindsay, Katherine Hughes, Kelly Reese, and Megan Joshi, American Institutes for Research; and Shaun M. Dougherty, Boston College  \nThe work of the CTE Research Network Lead is supported by the Institute of Education Sciences (IES) at the U.S. Department of Education with funds provided under the Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Act through Grant R305N180005 to the American Institutes for Research (AIR) . The content of this publication and the opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not represent the views of the Institute or the U. S. Department of Education, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U. S. Government.  \nThis report is in the public domain. While permission to reprint this publication is not necessary, it should be cited as:  \nLindsay, J. , Hughes, K. , Dougherty, S. M. , Reese, K. , & Joshi, M. (2024) . What we know about the impact of career and technical education: A systematic review of the research. American Institutes for Research, Career and Technical Education Research Network.  \nThis report is available on the CTE Research Network website at [https://cteresearchnetwork.org/resources/2024-](https://cteresearchnetwork.org/resources/2024-)[systematic-review](systematic-review.)[.](systematic-review.)  \nAcknowledgments  \nWe would like to thank our AIR colleagues who served as screeners and WWC reviewers and participated in identifying relevant studies that meet WWC standards: Brenda Arellano, Jill Battal, Bharati Belwalkar, Sana Fatima, Oshin Khachikan, Colleen McLelland, Corey Savage, and Yuan Zhang.  \nWe also express our appreciation for the reviewers whose comments improved this report: Roddy Theobald and Ryan Williams of AIR, along with the members of the Career and Technical Education Research Network study teams and advisory board who provided feedback on this project. Finally, we appreciate the support and guidance of our IES program officer, Corinne Alfeld, and of Braden Goetz at OCTAE.  \nContents  \nPage  \nIntroduction ................................................................................................................................. 1  \nWhat Is CTE? .............................................................................................................................2  \nResearch Questions Driving This Review...................................................................................4  \nOutcome Domains ......................................................................................................................6  \nFindings ......................................................................................................................................7  \nTypes of CTE Programs Represented in the Studies .............................................................7  \nImpacts of CTE on Student Outcomes ....................................................................................8  \nEvidence Gaps...................................................................................................................... 10  \nIdentifying Factors That May Affect the Heterogeneity of Effects.......................................... 11  \nConclusion ................................................................................................................................ 12  \nReferences ............................................................................................................................... 13  \nAppendix. Methods for the Systematic Evidence Review .........................................................18  \nTables  \nPage  \nTable 1. Effect Size Estimates for Student Outcomes, Averaged Across Studies ......................9  \nTable A-1. Studies","cbCaiohrg1TIqUkM","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiohrg1TIqUkM","pdf",786014,35,"English","# Introduction\n## What Is CTE?\n## Research Questions Driving This Review\n## Outcome Domains\n# Findings\n## Types of CTE Programs Represented in the Studies\n## Impacts of CTE on Student Outcomes\n## Evidence Gaps\n## Identifying Factors That May Affect the Heterogeneity of Effects\n# Conclusion\n# References\n# Appendix. Methods for the Systematic Evidence Review","[{\"question\":\"What is the purpose of this systematic review of CTE research?\",\"answer\":\"It synthesizes causal CTE research to determine whether CTE benefits students, which students benefit, and in which settings, addressing gaps in prior evidence.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the report cover in its findings section?\",\"answer\":\"It describes types of CTE programs represented, summarizes impacts of CTE on student outcomes, and identifies evidence gaps.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the review explain differences in observed effects across studies?\",\"answer\":\"It identifies factors that may affect the heterogeneity of effects, helping interpret why results vary across contexts and program types.\"}]","What We Know About the Impact of Career and Technical Education - A Systematic Review of the Research | PDF",88]