[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-39862-en":3,"doc-seo-39862-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},39862,5909877438554,"Maeve","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/5600025385ad2bf12a7?_k=1778553567797529272",7,"Healthcare","What Is Paranoia?","Definition and core features of paranoia are explained, emphasizing pervasive, unwarranted mistrust and suspiciousness that produce rigid maladaptive patterns of thought, emotion, and behavior. The text summarizes DSM-IV criteria for paranoid personality disorder and compares them with ICD-10, noting both shared themes (suspicion, jealousy, hostility) and diagnostic differences. It discusses research findings on which criteria may be less informative and clarifies how normal vigilance becomes pathological when accompanied by irritability, fear, withdrawal, impaired perspective-taking, and persistent preoccupation with threats.","Paranoia  \nThomas F.Olmanns·Mayumi Okada  \n# WHAT IS PARANOIA?\n\nThe principal defining features of paranoia are pervasive and unwarranted mistrustand suspiciousness of others.People who are paranoid are locked into a rigid andmaladaptive pattern of thought,feeling,and behavior based on the conviction thatothers are“out to get them.”Their perception of the world as a threatening placedrives them to be highly alert to any evidence suggesting that they are being vic-timized.A constant search for proof of their victimization often leads them to mis-interpret others'comments and behaviors.Hypersensitivity to slights,bothimagined and real,combined with the tendency to have excessive confidence intheir own knowledge and abilities,create tension in interpersonal relationships andleave social networks depleted.This description is a summary of the definition forparanoid personality disorder(PD)found in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual ofMental Disorders(DSM-IV;American Psychiatric Association).  \nThe DSM-IV criteria for paranoid PD are quite similar to those presented in themost recent edition of the International Classification of Diseases(ICD-10).Both man-uals agree that paranoid people are suspicious and prone tojealousy.They construeother's actions as hostile and hold grudges.There are also some interesting differ-ences between the APA and WHO diagnostic systems.The following ICD criteria arenot included in the DSM-IVTR:excessive sensitivity to setbacks and rebuffs,tendencytoward excessive self-importance that is manifested in persistent self-referential atti-tude,and a combative sense of personal rights.This comparison suggests that thecharacteristic features of paranoia remain open to further consideration.  \nFactor analytic results suggest that one of the DSM-IV criteria for paranoid per-sonality disorder—\"Is suspicious that his/her sexual partner might be cheating\"一may be less useful than the others.In a data set obtained using a nonclinical sampleof military recruits,factor analysis found that this item was not significantly relatedto the other criteria used to diagnose paranoid PD(Thomas,Turkheimer,&Oltmanns,2003).The other diagnostic features for paranoid PD all loadedtogether on one factor that included items related primarily to mistrust and aggres-sion.This result raises the possibility that jealousy involving one's sexual partner isnot necessarily a core feature of paranoia.In fact,research grounded in an evolu-tionary approach to personality suggests thatjealousy may be a specialized emotionthat is specifically related to the issue of mate retention(Buss,1999).  \nThe rigid and maladaptive patterns of thought that are characteristic of para-noid personality disorder are clearly pathological.On the other hand,suspicious-ness and vigilance are not unique to paranoia.For cxample,popular books onleadership styles in the business world proclaim that “only the paranoid survive”(Grove,1996).This argument hinges on the notion that it pays to anticipate nega-tive events.Rigid patterns of thought are also common.Most people adhere to apreconceived notion,even when they are confronted with evidence that ought topersuade them otherwise(Nisbett &Ross,1980).We all notice the relevance of  \nconfirming cases more readily than that of disconfirming ones.Therefore,thesustained vigilance and suspicion of being harmed are not sufficient to justify adiagnosis.  \nWhen does a cautious approach to the motives of other people cross the lineinto pathological paranoia?The distinction depends,in part,on the considerationof associated features—characteristics that are not considered primary diagnosticsigns but are nevertheless often associated with paranoia(Frances,First,&Pincus,1995).One issue involves irritability and hostility.Because they believe that otherpeople are causing problems for them,paranoid people are often extremely angry.Another consideration involves fear.Paranoid people can also become anxious andwithdrawn.Again,this fear is b","cbCaivNKaivp30P5","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaivNKaivp30P5","pdf",3693387,3,1,11,"English","en",105,"# WHAT IS PARANOIA?\n## Core Features and Diagnostic Criteria\n## DSM-IV vs ICD-10 Differences\n## Distinguishing Normal Suspicion from Pathological Paranoia\n## Associated Features and Overlap with Related Disorders","[{\"question\":\"What are the principal defining features of paranoia in this text?\",\"answer\":\"Paranoia is characterized by pervasive, unwarranted mistrust and suspiciousness of others. Individuals feel others are “out to get them,” become highly alert for evidence of victimization, and often misinterpret others’ comments and behaviors.\"},{\"question\":\"How do DSM-IV and ICD-10 diagnostic systems relate for paranoid personality disorder?\",\"answer\":\"Both manuals agree that paranoid individuals are suspicious and prone to jealousy and construe others’ actions as hostile while holding grudges. The text also notes ICD-10 includes additional criteria not present in DSM-IVTR and suggests further consideration is needed.\"},{\"question\":\"What factors help distinguish normal suspicion from pathological paranoia?\",\"answer\":\"The distinction depends on associated features such as irritability/hostility and fear with anxious withdrawal. It is also linked to time and rigidity of threat thinking—paranoid people are preoccupied and struggle to consider alternative viewpoints.\"}]",1783087513,28,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":86,"head_meta":88,"extra_data":90,"updated_unix":28},"what-is-paranoia","",{"@graph":36,"@context":85},[37,53,68],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,48,50],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":47},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",{"item":51,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":52},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/what-is-paranoia/39862/",4,{"url":51,"name":13,"@type":54,"author":55,"headline":13,"publisher":57,"fileFormat":60,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":61,"datePublished":62,"encodingFormat":60,"isAccessibleForFree":63,"interactionStatistic":64},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":56},"Person",{"url":41,"name":58,"@type":59},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-20","2026-07-03",true,{"@type":65,"interactionType":66,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":67},"ViewAction",{"@type":69,"mainEntity":70},"FAQPage",[71,77,81],{"name":72,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":74},"What are the principal defining features of paranoia in this text?","Question",{"text":75,"@type":76},"Paranoia is characterized by pervasive, unwarranted mistrust and suspiciousness of others. Individuals feel others are “out to get them,” become highly alert for evidence of victimization, and often misinterpret others’ comments and behaviors.","Answer",{"name":78,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":79},"How do DSM-IV and ICD-10 diagnostic systems relate for paranoid personality disorder?",{"text":80,"@type":76},"Both manuals agree that paranoid individuals are suspicious and prone to jealousy and construe others’ actions as hostile while holding grudges. The text also notes ICD-10 includes additional criteria not present in DSM-IVTR and suggests further consideration is needed.",{"name":82,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":83},"What factors help distinguish normal suspicion from pathological paranoia?",{"text":84,"@type":76},"The distinction depends on associated features such as irritability/hostility and fear with anxious withdrawal. It is also linked to time and rigidity of threat thinking—paranoid people are preoccupied and struggle to consider alternative viewpoints.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":51,"og:type":87,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":58,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":89,"canonical":51},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":25},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":92},[93,97,101,105,110,115,118,123,128,131,135],{"id":21,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":94,"show_sort_weight":95,"slug":96},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":47,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":116,"slug":117},40,"healthcare",{"id":119,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":121,"slug":122},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":127},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":126,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":130},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":132,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":133,"show_sort_weight":132,"slug":134},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":136,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":137,"show_sort_weight":106,"slug":138},19,"General","general"]