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 \nA pathway analysis of factors affecting retention  \nNational Foundation for Educational Research (NFER)  \nWhat helps to improve teacher retention? A pathway analysis of factors affecting retention  \nJack Worth, Juan Manuel del Pozo Segura and Lisa Kuhn  \nPublished in February 2026  \nBy the National Foundation for Educational Research, The Mere, Upton Park, Slough, Berkshire SL1 2DQ [www.nfer.ac.uk/](www.nfer.ac.uk/)  \n© 2026 National Foundation for Educational Research Registered Charity No. 313392  \nISBN: 978-1-916567-49-8  \nHow to cite this publication:  \nWorth, J. , Del Pozo Segura, J. M. and Kuhn, L. (2026) What helps to improve teacher retention? A pathway analysis of factors affecting retention. Slough. NFER  \nContents  \nAcknowledgements ............................................................................... 1  \nExecutive Summary ..............................................................................2  \n1. Introduction ..................................................................................5  \n1.1. Research motivation and context .......................................5  \n1.2. Previous literature ..............................................................6  \n1.3. Our approach.....................................................................8  \n1.4. Structure of this report .......................................................9  \n2. Methodology .............................................................................. 10  \n2.1. Working Lives of Teachers and Leaders survey data ....... 10  \n2.2. Measure definitions .......................................................... 10  \n2.3. Retention analysis ........................................................... 14  \n2.4. Limitations ....................................................................... 15  \n3. Are teachers’ intentions to leave a good predictor of actual leaving behaviour? ................................................................................. 17  \n3.1. Leaving intentions are not a very reliable individual-level predictor of actual leaving behaviour .............................. 17  \n3.2. Is the overall trend of leaving intentions a good leading indicator for the trend in the leaving rate? ....................... 18  \n4. What factors are associated with teachers leaving the statefunded school sector? ................................................................ 19  \n4.1. Factors associated with retention .....................................19  \n4.2. Factors associated with considering leaving ....................20  \n4.3. Factors associated with job satisfaction ...........................22  \n4.4. Factors associated with wellbeing ....................................24  \n4.5. Insights from regression analysis .....................................26  \n5. Implications of the findings .........................................................27  \n5.1. Total effects .....................................................................27  \n5.2. Policy implications ............................................................33  \n6. Conclusions and recommendations............................................36  \n6.1. Conclusions .....................................................................36  \n6.2. Recommendations ...........................................................37  \nReferences ..........................................................................................40  \nAppendix A..........................................................................................44  \nFactor analysis ....................................................................................44  \nFull regression models ........................................................................49  \nAcknowledgements  \nWe are very grateful to Gemma Schwendel for assisting with the statistical analysis. Many thanks to Lowri Randell-Evans for formatting this report. We are","cbCailC0LoV4cBnc","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCailC0LoV4cBnc","pdf",657724,58,"English","# Acknowledgements\n# Executive Summary\n# 1. Introduction\n## Research motivation and context\n## Previous literature\n## Our approach\n## Structure of this report\n# 2. Methodology\n## Working Lives of Teachers and Leaders survey data\n## Measure definitions\n## Retention analysis\n## Limitations\n# 3. Are teachers’ intentions to leave a good predictor of actual leaving behaviour?\n## Leaving intentions as a predictor at the individual level\n## Trend correspondence between intentions and leaving rates\n# 4. What factors are associated with teachers leaving the state-funded school sector?\n## Factors associated with retention\n## Factors associated with considering leaving\n## Factors associated with job satisfaction\n## Factors associated with wellbeing\n## Insights from regression analysis\n# 5. Implications of the findings\n## Total effects\n## Policy implications\n# 6. Conclusions and recommendations\n## Conclusions\n## Recommendations\n# References\n# Appendix A\n## Factor analysis\n## Full regression models","[{\"question\":\"How does the report evaluate whether leaving intentions predict actual leaving behaviour?\",\"answer\":\"It tests whether intentions are a reliable individual-level predictor and whether overall intention trends lead changes in leaving rates.\"},{\"question\":\"Which data sources are used to study teacher retention?\",\"answer\":\"The analysis is based on Working Lives of Teachers and Leaders survey data, linked to School Workforce Census information, conducted within ONS Secure Research Service.\"},{\"question\":\"What factors are examined for their relationship to teachers leaving the state-funded sector?\",\"answer\":\"The report evaluates associations with retention, considering leaving, job satisfaction, wellbeing, and presents insights from regression analysis.\"}]","What helps to improve teacher retention? - A pathway analysis of factors affecting retention | PDF",1792057312,146]