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Waist circumference (WC) reflects visceral fat and insulin resistance, suggesting a potential link to reduced relative muscle strength. Methods: Adults aged 50+ with T2DM were recruited; WC was measured at the umbilicus level, total muscle mass by bioelectrical impedance, and multiple strength outcomes by hand-held dynamometry. Results showed larger WC associated with lower relative strength after adjustment.",{"@graph":69,"@context":127},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/waist-circumference-is-an-important-determinant-of-relative-muscle-strength-in-patients-with-type-2-diabetes-mellitus/433701/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/waist-circumference-is-an-important-determinant-of-relative-muscle-strength-in-patients-with-type-2-diabetes-mellitus/433701.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Emma Wilson","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-02","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119,123],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What was the study purpose regarding waist circumference in type 2 diabetes?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"The study examined the correlation between waist circumference and relative muscle strength in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How was waist circumference and muscle strength assessed?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Waist circumference was measured at the umbilicus level. Total muscle mass was estimated using bioelectrical impedance analysis, and muscle strength was evaluated with a hand-held dynamometer for handgrip, knee extension, and ankle movements.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What did the results show about patients with larger waist circumference?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Patients with larger waist circumference had higher body mass index and muscle mass but lower relative muscle strength across multiple muscle groups. Abdominal obesity was linked to significantly lower relative strength in both sexes.",{"name":124,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":125},"How can measuring waist circumference help in clinical screening for type 2 diabetes risk?",{"text":126,"@type":114},"The study concluded that WC is a determinant of relative muscle strength independent of muscle mass, and measuring WC can identify patients with T2DM at higher risk of low relative muscle strength, supporting earlier and broader health screening.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":129,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":131,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":133,"site_id":62},433701,1790730029,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":136},{"doc_id":133,"user_id":137,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":138,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":139,"file_id":140,"file_url":141,"file_type":142,"file_size":143,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":34,"language":144,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":145,"faqs":146,"seo_title":147,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":148,"read_time":149,"preview_page_count":4},3848291630094,"https://eur-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","J Chin MedAssoc  \nOriginal article  \nWaist circumference is an important determinant of relative muscle strength in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus  \nYi-Lun Chianga, Guan-Yu Sub, Shiow-Chwen Tsaic, Chiao-Nan Chend, Chii-Min Hwub,e,*, Tsung-Hui Wub,e,*  \naDivision of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; bSection of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; cInstitute of Sports Science, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; dDepartment of Physical Therapy and Assistive Technology, School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; eFaculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC  \nAbstract  \nBackground: Muscle damage has recently been recognized as a complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) . Impaired muscle function adversely affects physical activity, quality of life, and mortality risk. Moreover, waist circumference (WC) is associated with visceral fat and insulin resistance. This study investigated the correlation between relative muscle strength and WC in patients with T2DM.  \nMethods: Patients aged 50 years or older with T2DM were recruited from Taipei Veterans General Hospital. WC was measured at the umbilicus level. Total muscle mass was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis. The muscle strength of handgrip, knee extension, ankle dorsiflexion, and ankle plantar flexion were evaluated using a hand-held dynamometer.  \nResults: A total of 252 patients (mean age 69.4 years; 122 men and 130 women) were enrolled. They were stratified into three groups according to WC (\u003C85, 85-94, >94 cm) . Patients with a larger WC had a higher body mass index and greater muscle mass but had lower relative muscle strength of handgrip, knee extension, ankle dorsiflexion, and ankle plantar flexion. Of note, patients with abdominal obesity (WC ≥90 cm in men and WC ≥80 cm in women) had significantly lower relative muscle strength of handgrip and lower limb compared to those without in both sexes. Multivariable analyses revealed that WC was significantly and negatively correlated with relative muscle strength after adjusting for other clinical variables.  \nConclusion: WC, independent of muscle mass, is a good determinant of relative muscle strength in patients with T2DM. Measuring WC can help identify patients with T2DM at a high risk of low relative muscle strength, thereby broadening the scope of health screening in this population.  \nKeywords: Relative muscle strength; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Waist circumference  \n[www.ejcma.org](www.ejcma.org) 767  \nChiang et al. J Chin MedAssoc  \nLay Summary: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are more likely to lose muscle strength than individuals without diabetes. Weak muscle strength can increase the risk of falls and lead to more hospital visits or even early death. In this study, we included individuals aged ≥50 years with type 2 diabetes mellitus to investigate how their waist size relates to their muscle strength. We found that even when two individuals have the same amount of muscle, the one with a larger waist tends to have weaker arm and leg strength relative to their muscle size. Measuring waist size is a simple and low-cost method for identifying patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who may be at higher risk of muscle weakness, enabling earlier and more personalized prevention and treatment.  \n1. INTRODUCTION  \nMuscle strength declines with age.1 However, the rate of muscle strength decline is relatively high in patients with diabetes mellitus.1 Consequently, these patients may experience a reduction in or the loss of functional independence,2 which can increase the likelihood of hospitalization and place a substantial burden on health-care systems.3 Evidence indicates that decreased muscle strength is associated wit","cbCairtdc1RU240F","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCairtdc1RU240F","pdf",1210027,"English","# Abstract\n# Background\n# Methods\n## Measurements\n# Results\n# Conclusion\n# Lay Summary\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What was the study purpose regarding waist circumference in type 2 diabetes?\",\"answer\":\"The study examined the correlation between waist circumference and relative muscle strength in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.\"},{\"question\":\"How was waist circumference and muscle strength assessed?\",\"answer\":\"Waist circumference was measured at the umbilicus level. Total muscle mass was estimated using bioelectrical impedance analysis, and muscle strength was evaluated with a hand-held dynamometer for handgrip, knee extension, and ankle movements.\"},{\"question\":\"What did the results show about patients with larger waist circumference?\",\"answer\":\"Patients with larger waist circumference had higher body mass index and muscle mass but lower relative muscle strength across multiple muscle groups. Abdominal obesity was linked to significantly lower relative strength in both sexes.\"},{\"question\":\"How can measuring waist circumference help in clinical screening for type 2 diabetes risk?\",\"answer\":\"The study concluded that WC is a determinant of relative muscle strength independent of muscle mass, and measuring WC can identify patients with T2DM at higher risk of low relative muscle strength, supporting earlier and broader health screening.\"}]","Waist circumference is an important determinant of relative muscle strength in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus | PDF",1790665179,18]