[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-109509-en":3,"doc-seo-109509-105":31,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":93},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":28,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":29,"read_time":30},109509,8796095461564,"Liam","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d",8,"Research & Report","Vulnerability to Climate Risk-induced Poverty in El Salvador - Background Note 7","This note measures vulnerability to poverty in El Salvador using the approach proposed by De la Fuente and Serio (2024). Results indicate that about 34% of households are vulnerable to poverty: they are not currently poor but face hazard events that can affect people, livelihoods, and assets, increasing the risk of falling into poverty. Vulnerability declined from 59% in 2002 to 34% in 2022 and remains higher in rural areas than urban areas.","Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized  \nBACKGROUND NOTE  \n7  \nVulnerability to Climate Riskinduced Poverty  \nin El Salvador June 2024  \nBackground Note 7  \nVulnerability to Climate Risk-induced Poverty  \nin El Salvador June 2024  \nAbstract  \nThis note measures vulnerability to poverty in El Salvador based on the approach proposed in De l a Fuente and Serio (2024) . Results show that around 34 percent of households are vulnerable to poverty, that is, there are not poor, but they are exposed to hazard events that could affect human beings, their livelihoods and assets, and lead them to fall into poverty. The results provide a comprehensive and new perspective on the challenges faced by households in El Salvador, especially those that are more likely to be poor either because of their expected level of income or because of the risks to which they are exposed.  \nJEL Classification: Q54, I32, D1  \nKeywords: Vulnerability, Risks, Natural disasters, Poverty  \n~~ ~~ 2  \nBackground Note 7  \nVulnerability to Climate Risk-induced Poverty in El Salvador June 2024  \nThe vulnerability to poverty in El Salvador has declined over the years. In 2002, the rate was 59 percent. In 2022, it was 34 percent, showing that initially, more than half of the households were vulnerable to poverty either by the expected mean—poverty induced (PI)—or by the expected  \nvariance—risk induced (RI) . This declined to onethird in 2022. The vulnerability is higher in rural areas than in urban areas. In rural areas, more than half of the households are vulnerable to poverty, while in urban areas, 22 percent of households are vulnerable to poverty.  \nFIGURE 7.1. HOUSEHOLD VULNERABILITY TO POVERTY  \n100%    \n90% ~~ ~~  \n80% ~~ ~~  \n70% ~~ ~~  \n60% ~~ ~~  \n50% ~~ ~~  \n40% ~~ ~~  \n30% ~~ ~~  \n20% ~~ ~~  \n10% ~~ ~~  \n0% ~~ ~~  \nTotal Rural Urban  \n 2002  2008  2011  2017  2022  \nSource: Based on model estimations from SEDLAC, ThinkHazard, EMDAT, SPEI, and CCKP information.  \n_  \n1. Oficina Nacional de Estadística y Censos (ONEC, 2023a) . 3 ~~ ~~  \nBackground Note 7  \nVulnerability to Climate Risk-induced Poverty in El Salvador June 2024  \nThe vulnerability to poverty varies significantly across departments, as Figure 7.2 displays. Morazan, Ahuachapan, and Cabañas have more than half of their households classified as vulnerable. In contrast, San Salvador has a  \nvulnerability to poverty rate of 19 percent, and La Libertad has a rate of 29 percent. The remaining departments present rates between 36 percent and 46 percent.  \nFIGURE 7.2. HOUSEHOLD VULNERABILITY TO POVERTY BY DEPARTMENT FOR 2022  \nMorazan  \nAhuachapan  \nCabañas  \nLa Union  \nCha latenango  \nSan Miguel  \nLa Paz  \nSanta Ana  \nCuscatlan  \nSonsonate  \nSan Vicente  \nUsulutan  \nLa Libertad  \nSan Salvador  \nSan Salvad  \nLa Libertad  \nUsulutan  \nSan Vicente  \nSonsonate  \nCuscatlan  \nSanta Ana  \nLa Paz San Miguel Chalatenan  \nLa Union  \nCabañas Ahuachapa  \nMorazan  \n0% 10%  \n19%  \n29%  \n36%  \n36%  \n38%  \n38%  \n39%  \n39%  \n40%  \n43%  \n46%  \n50%  \n529 %  \n19%55%  \n20% 30%  \n55%  \n52%  \n50%  \n46%  \n43%  \n40%  \n39%  \n39%  \n38%  \n38%  \n36%  \n36%  \n40% 50% 60%  \nSource: Based on model estimations from SEDLAC, ThinkHazard, EMDAT, SPEI, and CCKP information.  \n~~ ~~ 4  \nBackground Note 7  \nVulnerability to Climate Risk-induced Poverty in El Salvador June 2024  \nFigure 3 illustrates the differences between the incidence of household poverty and vulnerability to poverty under the model. The vulnerability to poverty incidence surpasses the poverty estimates, with 2002 and 2011 exhibiting the most substantial difference, approaching 14 percentage points, followed by 2017 and 2022 with a difference of 10 percentage points. Table 7C.2 presents the estimated poverty rates from the model estimation, which are also lower than the vulnerability to poverty rates. The model is  \ngood enough to predict effective poverty. The correlation between the predicted probability of being poor and the effective poverty status is","cbCaigQKYeAzoPaa","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaigQKYeAzoPaa","pdf",18135221,5,1,26,"English","en",105,"# Vulnerability to Climate Risk-induced Poverty in El Salvador\n## Poverty vulnerability trends (2002–2022)\n## Rural vs urban vulnerability\n## Vulnerability by department (2022)\n## Comparison between poverty incidence and vulnerability\n## Incidence sources: poverty-induced vs risk-induced","[{\"question\":\"How is vulnerability to poverty defined in this background note?\",\"answer\":\"It measures households that are not poor but are exposed to hazard events that can harm people, livelihoods, and assets, leading them to fall into poverty.\"},{\"question\":\"What change in poverty vulnerability is reported between 2002 and 2022?\",\"answer\":\"Vulnerability declines from 59% in 2002 to 34% in 2022, meaning vulnerability decreased to about one-third of households.\"},{\"question\":\"Which areas show higher vulnerability to poverty in 2022?\",\"answer\":\"Rural areas show higher vulnerability than urban areas: more than half of rural households are vulnerable, while 22% of urban households are vulnerable.\"}]","Vulnerability to Climate Risk-induced Poverty in El Salvador - Background Note 7 | PDF",1784480474,66,{"code":4,"msg":32,"data":33},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":34,"title":13,"keywords":35,"description":14,"schema_data":36,"social_meta":88,"head_meta":90,"extra_data":92,"updated_unix":29},"vulnerability-to-climate-risk-induced-poverty-in-el-salvador-background-note-7","",{"@graph":37,"@context":87},[38,55,70],{"@type":39,"itemListElement":40},"BreadcrumbList",[41,45,49,52],{"item":42,"name":43,"@type":44,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":46,"name":47,"@type":44,"position":48},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":50,"name":12,"@type":44,"position":51},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":53,"name":13,"@type":44,"position":54},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/vulnerability-to-climate-risk-induced-poverty-in-el-salvador-background-note-7/109509/",4,{"url":53,"name":13,"@type":56,"author":57,"headline":13,"publisher":59,"fileFormat":62,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":63,"datePublished":64,"encodingFormat":62,"isAccessibleForFree":65,"interactionStatistic":66},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":58},"Person",{"url":42,"name":60,"@type":61},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-31","2026-07-19",true,{"@type":67,"interactionType":68,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":69},"ViewAction",{"@type":71,"mainEntity":72},"FAQPage",[73,79,83],{"name":74,"@type":75,"acceptedAnswer":76},"How is vulnerability to poverty defined in this background note?","Question",{"text":77,"@type":78},"It measures households that are not poor but are exposed to hazard events that can harm people, livelihoods, and assets, leading them to fall into poverty.","Answer",{"name":80,"@type":75,"acceptedAnswer":81},"What change in poverty vulnerability is reported between 2002 and 2022?",{"text":82,"@type":78},"Vulnerability declines from 59% in 2002 to 34% in 2022, meaning vulnerability decreased to about one-third of households.",{"name":84,"@type":75,"acceptedAnswer":85},"Which areas show higher vulnerability to poverty in 2022?",{"text":86,"@type":78},"Rural areas show higher vulnerability than urban areas: more than half of rural households are vulnerable, while 22% of urban households are vulnerable.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":53,"og:type":89,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":60,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":91,"canonical":53},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":25},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":94},[95,99,103,107,111,116,121,124,129,132,136],{"id":21,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":96,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":98},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":48,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":100,"show_sort_weight":101,"slug":102},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":54,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":104,"show_sort_weight":105,"slug":106},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":108,"show_sort_weight":109,"slug":110},"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":112,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":113,"show_sort_weight":114,"slug":115},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":118,"show_sort_weight":119,"slug":120},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":122,"slug":123},30,"research-report",{"id":125,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":126,"show_sort_weight":127,"slug":128},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":130,"show_sort_weight":127,"slug":131},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":133,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":134,"show_sort_weight":133,"slug":135},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":137,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":138,"show_sort_weight":20,"slug":139},19,"General","general"]