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 \nCognates are words with similar pronunciations,spellings,and meanings intwo languages.For instance,though pronunciation is slightly different,radiois the same word in both Spanish and English.Some cognate pairs may havethe exact same spelling but different pronunciation (such as radio),othersmay differ slightly in both spelling and pronunciation(bicicleta/bicycle).Ineither case,the meaning is the same between languages.Since so manywords in Spanish and English derive from Latin,there are thousands ofcognates between Spanish and English.  \n## Why Use Cognates to Teach?\n\nNative Spanish speakers comprise the fastest growing sector ofthe U.S.school-age population.They come to the United Stateswith a wealth of Spanish vocabulary—funds of knowledge thatcan be used to build English-language vocabulary.If Spanish-speaking students can recognize cognate relationships,theirEnglish reading can be enhanced;once they know the word inSpanish,recognizing it in English is significantly easier  \nUsing cognates is like providing shelter.\"Sheltering\"is a broadterm that includes many different strategies for providingsecond-language learners with language they can understand(Krashen,1981).Slowing down when you speak,pantomimingdirections,and using props are all examples of sheltering in theclassroom.So is using cognates.Cogna","cbCaibXdcxPiuJMr","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaibXdcxPiuJMr","pdf",1168173,64,"English","# Teaching English-Language Learners\n## With Spanish-English Cognates\n## What Is a Cognate?\n## Why Use Cognates to Teach?\n## Lowering the Affective Filter\n## Meeting the Standards\n## Making the Mini-Books\n## A Model Lesson\n# More Language-Building Activities\n## Using the Mini-Books\n## Other Activities for Building Vocabulary\n## More Cognates\n## References\n# The Mini-Books\n## Transporte/Transportation\n## Calendario/Calendar","[{\"question\":\"What is a cognate according to the book?\",\"answer\":\"Cognates are words with similar pronunciations, spellings, and meanings across two languages. The text gives examples such as Spanish “radio” matching English “radio,” with consistent meaning.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does the book recommend using Spanish-English cognates for teaching?\",\"answer\":\"Because recognizing cognate relationships helps Spanish-speaking learners enhance English reading, and supports transfer of literacy skills from the first language. The book also highlights improved vocabulary-task performance when students use cognate awareness.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the book connect cognates to lowering the affective filter?\",\"answer\":\"It describes the affective filter as an emotional block that hinders learning, especially under stress. Cognates are presented as a classroom “shelter” that can make second-language input more understandable and supportive.\"}]","Vocabulary BuildingBilingual Mini-Books - 15 Picture Dictionaries of Spanish-English CognatesThat Help English-Language LearnersBuild Confidence in Reading and Writing | PDF",1790619761,161]