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Findings showed significant 25-OHD deficiency with preserved 1,25-(OH)2D, with most patients exhibiting extreme deficiency and a small fraction maintaining adequate 25-OHD levels, suggesting clinical value for preoperative vitamin D assessment and targeted supplementation to support outcomes and 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was the aim of the study on vitamin D before thyroidectomy?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"To assess vitamin D concentration and its metabolites in patients before thyroidectomy, using biochemical measurements in a cohort scheduled for surgery.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"Which vitamin D markers were measured prior to surgery?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"The study measured calcidiol (25-OHD), calcitriol (1,25-(OH)2D), and vitamin D binding protein, along with basic biochemical parameters.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What did the study find about 25-OHD deficiency in the patients?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"More than 80% of patients had extreme vitamin D deficiency (\u003C10 ng/mL) before surgery, and only 4% had proper 25-OHD 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\nDominika Maciejewska-Markiewicz 1, Joanna Kochman 1, Karolina Jakubczyk 1, Piotr Bargiel 2,*, Zbigniew Szlosser 2, Ewa Stachowska 1, Marta Markowska 2, Anna Bucka 3, Norbert Czapla 2, Jan Petriczko 2, Anna Surâwka 2, Sonia Hertman 2, Piotr Puchalski 2 and Piotr Prowans 2  \nCitation: Maciejewska-Markiewicz, D.; Kochman, J.; Jakubczyk, K.; Bargiel, P.; Szlosser, Z.; Stachowska, E.; Markowska, M.; Bucka, A.; Czapla, N.; Petriczko, J.; et al. Vitamin D Status in Patients before Thyroidectomy. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 3228. [https://doi.org/](https://doi.org/)[ ](https://doi.org/)[10.3390/ijms24043228](10.3390/ijms24043228)  \nAcademic Editor: Marijn Speeckaert  \nReceived: 11 January 2023  \nRevised: 30 January 2023  \nAccepted: 2 February 2023  \nPublished: 6 February 2023  \nCopyright: © 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) .  \n1 Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland  \n2 Department of Plastic, Endocrine and General Surgery, Pomeranian Medical University, 72-010 Szczecin, Poland  \n3 Department of Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Region Hospital in Szczecin, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland  \n* [Correspondence: bergiel87@gmail.com](Correspondence: bergiel87@gmail.com)  \nAbstract: Thyroid neoplasms (tumors) are the most common pathology of the endocrine system that requires surgery, and in most cases changes are benign. The surgical treatment of thyroid neoplasms consists in total, subtotal, or one lobe excision. Our study aimed to assess the concentration of vitamin D and its metabolites in patients before thyroidectomy. The study included 167 patients with thyroid pathology. Before the thyroidectomy procedure calcidiol (25-OHD), calcitriol (1,25-(OH) 2D), and vitamin D binding protein (VDBP), as well as basic biochemical parameters, were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Data analysis showed that the cohort of patients has asignificant 25-OHD deficiency and proper concentration of 1,25-(OH) 2D. Before the surgery, more than 80% of patients have extreme vitamin D deficiency (\u003C10 ng/mL), and only 4% of the study group has proper 25-OHD concentration. Patients undergoing thyroidectomy are exposed to many complications, including calcium reduction. Our research has shown that patients prior to surgery have a marked vitamin D deficiency, an indicator that may affect their subsequent convalescence and prognosis. The results suggest that determination of vitamin D levels prior to thyroidectomy maybe useful for potential consideration of supplementation when vitamin D deficiency is marked and needs to be incorporated into the good clinical management of these patients.  \nKeywords: vitamin D; thyroidectomy; 25-hydroxycholecalciferol; 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol  \n1. Introduction  \nThyroid diseases are a common health problem worldwide. Recent evidence has demonstrated an association between low vitamin D status and Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Graves' disease, and thyroid neoplasms [1] . Thyroid neoplasms (tumors) are the most common pathology of the endocrine system that requires surgery, and in most cases these changes are benign. Thyroid nodules are diagnosed in 1% of men and 5% of women worldwide [2] . Nodule incidence increases with age, iodine deficiency, and radiation exposure, and they are more frequent in women. Numerous studies suggest that the prevalence of thyroid tumors is diagnosed in 8 to 65% of autopsy data, 19 to 35% in ultrasound, and 2 to 6% in palpation examination [3] . Surgical treatment of benign nodules is considered mainly in the case of non-toxic goiter, especially nodular goi","cbCaihBWJgTV51Zf","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaihBWJgTV51Zf","pdf",494672,"English","# Introduction\n## Background on thyroid diseases and thyroidectomy\n# Materials and Methods\n## Study design and patient cohort\n# Results\n## Vitamin D metabolites and deficiency prevalence\n# Discussion\n## Clinical implications for supplementation and postoperative recovery","[{\"question\":\"What was the aim of the study on vitamin D before thyroidectomy?\",\"answer\":\"To assess vitamin D concentration and its metabolites in patients before thyroidectomy, using biochemical measurements in a cohort scheduled for surgery.\"},{\"question\":\"Which vitamin D markers were measured prior to surgery?\",\"answer\":\"The study measured calcidiol (25-OHD), calcitriol (1,25-(OH)2D), and vitamin D binding protein, along with basic biochemical parameters.\"},{\"question\":\"What did the study find about 25-OHD deficiency in the patients?\",\"answer\":\"More than 80% of patients had extreme vitamin D deficiency (\\u003c10 ng/mL) before surgery, and only 4% had proper 25-OHD concentration.\"}]","Vitamin D Status in Patients before Thyroidectomy | PDF",1790263496]