[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-119909-en":3,"doc-seo-119909-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":27,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},119909,3848291630094,"Emma Wilson","https://eur-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45",6,"Technology","Visual Scene Classification using Ensemble of Machine Learning Classifiers","Visual scenes capture the complete visual information within an environment, including natural landscapes, urban layouts, and designed interiors. Visual search is a key paradigm for studying visual attention, shaped by fixations and rapid eye-saccades. Under highly informative scenes, microsaccades increase and fixations last longer; prior research links microsaccades with perception and attentional allocation. This project investigates the relationship between microsaccades, pupil dilation, and other eye features and uses an ensemble of machine learning classifiers for visual scene task classification.","San Jose State University  \nSJSU ScholarWorks  \n\n| Master's Projects | Theses and Graduate Research |\n| --- | --- |\n| Fall 2023\u003Cbr>Visual Scene Classification using Ensemble of Machine Learning Classifiers\u003Cbr>Rahul Ranganath\u003Cbr>Follow this and additional works at: [https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/etd_projects](https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/etd_projects)\u003Cbr> Part of the Other Computer Engineering Commons |  |\n\nRecommended Citation  \nRanganath, Rahul, \"Visual Scene Classification using Ensemble of Machine Learning Classifiers\" (2023) . Master 's Projects. 1320.  \nDOI: [https://doi.org/10.31979/etd.jpk6-8h3u](https://doi.org/10.31979/etd.jpk6-8h3u)  \n[https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/etd_projects/1320](https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/etd_projects/1320)  \nThis Master's Project is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Graduate Research at SJSU ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Projects by an authorized administrator of SJSU ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [scholarworks@sjsu.edu](scholarworks@sjsu.edu).  \nVisual Scene Classification using Ensemble of Machine Learning Classifiers  \nA Project  \nPresented to  \nDepartment of Computer Science  \nSan José State University  \nIn Partial Fulfillment  \nOf the Requirements of the degree  \nMaster of Science  \nBy  \nRahul Ranganath  \nDecember 2023  \n©2023  \nRahul Ranganath  \nALL RIGHTS RESERVED  \nThe Designated Project Committee Approves the Project Titled  \n“Visual Scene Classification using Ensemble of Machine Learning Classifiers”  \nBy  \nRahul Ranganath  \nFOR THE DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE  \nSAN JOSE STATE UNIVERSITY  \nDecember 2023  \nDr. Nada Attar, San Jose State University  \nDr. Robert Chun, San Jose State University  \nDr. Reem Albaghli, Kuwait University  \nABSTRACT  \nVisual scenes represent the comprehensive visual information observed in a particular environment. Whether natural landscapes, urban settings, or designed interiors, visual scenes encompass the arrangement of elements that individuals perceive through their visual senses. Visual search is perhaps one of the most typical jobs that we carry out several times a day. This is one of the main paradigms for researching visual attention. Many visual task models have been put forward in an effort to better understand visual attention. Fixations and the rapid movement of the eye-saccades, define visual exploration and visual search. When we subject viewers to highly informative visual scenes, more microsaccades (microscopic saccades) tend to get generated and viewers fixate for longer. Numerous studies have linked microsaccades to perception and attentional allocation. We aim to explore this relationship between microsaccades, pupil dilation and other key eye features and perform task classification on visual scenes by using an ensemble of Machine Learning Classifiers. This ensemble will involve employing various Machine Learning models to classify our tasks and the final outcome will be decided based on the results of the entire ensemble.  \nKeywords-Visual Search, Eye Tracking, Machine Learning, Ensemble learning, Decision Tree, K Nearest Neighbors, Logistic Regression, AdaBoost, XGBoost  \nTABLE OF CONTENTS  \nI. INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………….1  \nII. RELATED WORK……………………………………………………………………3  \nIII. DATASET…………………………………………………………………………….5  \nIV. OVERVIEW OF APPROACH……………………………………………………….7  \nV. MACHINE LEARNING CLASSIFICATION………………………………………16  \nA. K Nearest Neighbors……………………………………………………………..17  \n1. Description…………………………………………………………………...17  \n2. Experiment & Method………………………………………………………..17  \n3. Results………………………………………………………………………..18  \nB. Decision Tree…………………………………………………………………….20  \n1. Description…………………………………………………………………...21  \n2. Experiment & Method………………………………………………………..21  \n3. Results………………………………………………………………………..22  \nC. AdaBoost…………………………………………………………………………24  \n1. Description…………………………………………………………………...24  \n2. Experiment & Method………………………………………………………..24  \n3. Results……………","cbCaihZMT2l0B7lL","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaihZMT2l0B7lL","pdf",1391845,1,50,"English","en",105,"# ABSTRACT\n# TABLE OF CONTENTS\n## I. INTRODUCTION\n## II. RELATED WORK\n## III. DATASET\n## IV. OVERVIEW OF APPROACH\n## V. MACHINE LEARNING CLASSIFICATION\n## VI. SUMMARY AND DISCUSSION\n## VII. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE DIRECTION\n## VIII. REFERENCES","[{\"question\":\"What problem does the project address?\",\"answer\":\"The project targets visual scene task classification using eye-related behavior, focusing on visual search and visual attention signals.\"},{\"question\":\"Which eye features are investigated in relation to classification?\",\"answer\":\"The work explores microsaccades, pupil dilation, and other key eye features to understand their relationship with perception and attention.\"},{\"question\":\"How is classification performed in the proposed approach?\",\"answer\":\"An ensemble of machine learning classifiers is trained using multiple models, and the final task decision is determined by results across the ensemble.\"}]","Visual Scene Classification using Ensemble of Machine Learning Classifiers | PDF",1785726959,126,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":86,"head_meta":88,"extra_data":90,"updated_unix":28},"visual-scene-classification-using-ensemble-of-machine-learning-classifiers","",{"@graph":36,"@context":85},[37,54,68],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,48,51],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":47},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/technology/",3,{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":53},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/visual-scene-classification-using-ensemble-of-machine-learning-classifiers/119909/",4,{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":55,"author":56,"headline":13,"publisher":58,"fileFormat":61,"inLanguage":23,"description":14,"dateModified":62,"datePublished":62,"encodingFormat":61,"isAccessibleForFree":63,"interactionStatistic":64},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":57},"Person",{"url":41,"name":59,"@type":60},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-08-03",true,{"@type":65,"interactionType":66,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":67},"ViewAction",{"@type":69,"mainEntity":70},"FAQPage",[71,77,81],{"name":72,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":74},"What problem does the project address?","Question",{"text":75,"@type":76},"The project targets visual scene task classification using eye-related behavior, focusing on visual search and visual attention signals.","Answer",{"name":78,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":79},"Which eye features are investigated in relation to classification?",{"text":80,"@type":76},"The work explores microsaccades, pupil dilation, and other key eye features to understand their relationship with perception and attention.",{"name":82,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":83},"How is classification performed in the proposed approach?",{"text":84,"@type":76},"An ensemble of machine learning classifiers is trained using multiple models, and the final task decision is determined by results across the ensemble.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":52,"og:type":87,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":59,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":89,"canonical":52},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":24},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":92},[93,97,101,105,110,112,117,122,127,130,134],{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":94,"show_sort_weight":95,"slug":96},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":47,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":53,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":111},"technology",{"id":113,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":114,"show_sort_weight":115,"slug":116},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":118,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":119,"show_sort_weight":120,"slug":121},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":125,"slug":126},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":125,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":125,"slug":129},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":131,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":132,"show_sort_weight":131,"slug":133},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":135,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":136,"show_sort_weight":106,"slug":137},19,"General","general"]