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This retrospective cohort study compared 48,493 Swedish adults with visual impairment to 242,465 matched sighted controls, followed for a median of 5.1–6.0 years. Visually impaired adults showed an 18% higher overall cancer risk and elevated risks across most cancer types, with no sex interaction. Cancer risk increased across all age groups, while cancer-related mortality was 60% higher, highlighting equity needs in health-care access.",{"@graph":69,"@context":126},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/visual-impairment-and-cancer-risk-a-nationwide-cohort-study-of-adult-swedish-men-and-women/469057/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/visual-impairment-and-cancer-risk-a-nationwide-cohort-study-of-adult-swedish-men-and-women/469057.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"supergirl","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-31","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118,122],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What was the main aim of the nationwide cohort study?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To determine whether visually impaired adults have a higher risk of cancer compared with sighted controls, across multiple cancer types.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were participants selected and matched in the study?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The retrospective cohort compared adults aged 40 and over with visual impairment to 1:5 matched controls by sex, birth year, and county of residence, using nationwide registry data.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What did the study find about overall cancer risk and sex differences?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Visually impaired adults had a significantly higher overall cancer risk, and no difference was observed between the sexes for cancer risk.",{"name":123,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":124},"Did the elevated cancer risk vary by age group, and what about mortality?",{"text":125,"@type":113},"Yes—an elevated cancer risk was seen across all age groups. 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Axelsson 3,4  \nAcademic Editor: Mitsuyoshi Urashima  \nReceived: 16 November 2025  \nRevised: 22 December 2025  \nAccepted: 25 December 2025  \nPublished: 31 December 2025  \nCopyright: © 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license.  \n1 Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 41390 Gothenburg, Sweden  \n2 Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden  \n3 Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Center, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden  \n4 Region Västra Götaland, Närhälsan Norrmalm Health Center, 54940 Skövde, Sweden  \n* Correspondence: [leda.pistiolis@vgregion.se](leda.pistiolis@vgregion.se)  \nSimple Summary  \nThis study aimed to investigate whether visually impaired adults have a higher cancer risk compared to sighted individuals. This was a retrospective cohort study comparing 48,493 visually impaired adults to their 242,465 matched controls. The findings demonstrate that visually impaired adults have a significant overall higher risk of cancer. The risk is also significantly elevated for most specific types of cancers examined. No difference was found between the sexes. An elevated cancer risk was observed for all age groups of the cohort. The findings underscore the necessity of targeted reforms in healthcare policies in order to ensure equitable distribution and access to health care services.  \nAbstract  \nBackground: Visual impairment is linked to a broad spectrum of health conditions. Nevertheless, there is an absence of large cohort studies investigating cancer risk in the visually impaired compared to seeing controls. The aim of this study was to investigate whether visually impaired adults have an increased risk for various types of cancer, compared to seeing controls. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study comparing visually impaired adults aged 40 and over and 1:5 matched controls (by sex, birth year, and county of residence), between 2002 and 2018 . Data were extracted from the Swedish National patient Registry, Statistics Sweden and from the Swedish Cause of Death Registry. A total of 48,493 adult Swedish men (44%) and women (56%), with a median age of 77 years (IQR: 64–86), with various degrees of visual impairment, from mild to total blindness, and 242,465 matched controls were followed up for a median of 5.1 (IQR 2.9–8.6) and 6.0 (IQR 3.6–9.8) years, respectively. The main outcomes included overall cancer incidence and incidence of different types of cancer. Results: Data analysis showed that visually impaired adults had an 18% significantly increased risk of any cancer (HR 1.18, 95% CI 1.16–1.20) when compared to seeing controls. The risk was also significantly increased formost cancers, with HRs ranging from 2.59 (95% CI 2.21–3.03) for brain cancer to 1.19 (95% CI 1.11–1.27) for breast cancer. No interaction was observed between cancer of any type and sex (p = 0.47) . An elevated risk for all cancers in the visually impaired was observed across all age-groups: HR of 1.37 (95% CI 1.30–1.43) for ages 40–64, HR 1.17 (95% CI 1.13–1.20) for ages 65–79, and HR 1.11 (95% CI 1.08–1.15) for ages over 80 . The risk of death was 60% higher among the cases compared to controls (HR 1.60, 95% CI 1.58–1.63) . Conclusions: In this retrospective study of older adults, visual impairment was associated with increased cancer risk both overall and for specific types of cancer, in both sexes and across different  \nage divisions of the cohort. These findings indicate the need for adjustments in health care polices in order to ensure equity i","cbCaimEHtY6Byx6O","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaimEHtY6Byx6O","pdf",707608,14,"English","# Introduction\n## Study Aim and Rationale\n## Burden and Consequences of Visual Impairment\n## Evidence Gaps in Cancer Risk Research","[{\"question\":\"What was the main aim of the nationwide cohort study?\",\"answer\":\"To determine whether visually impaired adults have a higher risk of cancer compared with sighted controls, across multiple cancer types.\"},{\"question\":\"How were participants selected and matched in the study?\",\"answer\":\"The retrospective cohort compared adults aged 40 and over with visual impairment to 1:5 matched controls by sex, birth year, and county of residence, using nationwide registry data.\"},{\"question\":\"What did the study find about overall cancer risk and sex differences?\",\"answer\":\"Visually impaired adults had a significantly higher overall cancer risk, and no difference was observed between the sexes for cancer risk.\"},{\"question\":\"Did the elevated cancer risk vary by age group, and what about mortality?\",\"answer\":\"Yes—an elevated cancer risk was seen across all age groups. Cancer-related death risk was 60% higher among the visually impaired cases than controls.\"}]","Visual Impairment and Cancer Risk - A Nationwide Cohort Study of Adult Swedish Men and Women | PDF",1790775039,35]