[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-112991-en":3,"doc-seo-112991-105":29,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":27,"read_time":28},112991,1099514068365,"Aurelia","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/10000253d8d9f28188e?_k=1776742907772140068",8,"Research & Report","VIOLENCE WITHOUT BORDERS - The Internationalization of Crime and Conflict - Policy Research Report","Policy Research Report analyzing how crime, armed conflict, transnational terrorism, and illicit markets transcend national borders and reshape political and security landscapes. Develops a theoretical framework and examines transborder determinants, including drivers linked to cross-border conflict dynamics, foreign interventions, and development assistance. Evaluates mechanisms to prevent violence through third-party interventions, assesses their effectiveness and limits, and concludes with multilateral approaches and policy recommendations.","POLICY RESEARCH REPORT  \nAuthorized  \nPub lic Disclosure Authorized Pub lic Disclosure Author ized Pub lic Disclosure Authorized Pub lic Disclosure  \nVIOLENCE WITHOUT BORDERS  \nThe Internationalization of Crime and Conflict   \nVIOLENCE WITHOUT BORDERS: THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF CRIME AND CONFLICT  \nVIOLENCE WITHOUT BORDERS: THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF CRIME AND CONFLICT  \nPolicy Research Report  \n© 2020 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433  \nTelephone: 202-473-1000; [Internet: www.worldbank.org](Internet: www.worldbank.org)  \nSome rights reserved 1 2 3 4 23 22 21 20  \nThis work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.  \nNothing herein shall constitute or be considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of The World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved.  \nRights and Permissions  \nThis work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO) [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo. Under](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo. Under) the Creative Commons Attribution license, you are free to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt this work, including for commercial purposes, under the following conditions:  \nAttribution—Please cite the work as follows: World Bank. 2020. Violence without Borders: The Internationalization of Crime and Conflict. Policy Research Report. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi:10 . 1596/978-1-4648-1452-5 . License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO  \nTranslations—If you create a translation of this work, please add the following disclaimer along with the attribution: This translation was not created by The World Bank and should not be considered an official World Bank translation. The World Bank shall not be liable for any content or error in this translation.  \nAdaptations—If you create an adaptation of this work, please add the following disclaimer along with the attribution: This is an adaptation of an original work by The World Bank. Views and opinions expressed in the adaptation are the sole responsibility of the author or authors of the adaptation and are not endorsed by The World Bank.  \nThird-party content—The World Bank does not necessarily own each component of the content contained within the work. The World Bank therefore does not warrant that the use of any thirdparty-owned individual component or part contained in the work will not infringe on the rights of those third parties. The risk of claims resulting from such infringement rests solely with you. If you wish to re-use a component of the work, it is your responsibility to determine whether permission is needed for that re-use and to obtain permission from the copyright owner. Examples of components can include, but are not limited to, tables, figures, or images.  \nAll queries on rights and licenses should be addressed to World Bank Publications, The World Bank Group, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; [e-mail: pubrights@worldbank.org](e-mail: pubrights@worldbank.org).  \nISBN (paper): 978-1-4648-1452-5  \nISBN (electronic): 978-1-4648-1525-6  \nDOI: 10. 1596/978-1-4648-1452-5  \nCover photo: The former frontline area of Kobani, where Kurdish fighters battled ISIS in 2014, lies in ruins nearly five years after the conflict. The Turkish border wall, which now marks the new front line between Kurdish Syrian forces and Turkey, ","cbCaimp8EVvyjrEG","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaimp8EVvyjrEG","pdf",3520941,1,147,"English","en",105,"# Foreword\n# Acknowledgments\n# Executive Summary\n# Abbreviations\n# Overview\n# 1. Crime, Conflict, and Violence without Borders\n## Armed conflict\n## Transnational terrorism\n## Illicit markets\n## Conclusion\n# 2. Transborder Determinants of Crime, Conflict, and Violence\n## The theoretical framework\n## Transborder drivers of conflict, crime, and violence\n## Can violence be avoided?\n## Foreign military interventions and development assistance\n## Conclusion\n# 3. Security in a Globalized World\n## Third-party interventions to prevent violence\n## When will other countries intervene in conflict situations?\n## Limits to the effectiveness of third-party interventions\n## Multilateralism and the delegation of foreign interventions\n## Concluding remarks and policy recommendations\n# Notes\n# References","[{\"question\":\"What does the report cover about violence without borders?\",\"answer\":\"It examines how crime, armed conflict, transnational terrorism, and illicit markets operate across national boundaries and influence security outcomes.\"},{\"question\":\"Which factors are analyzed as transborder determinants of conflict and violence?\",\"answer\":\"The report studies transborder drivers of conflict, crime, and violence, including the roles of foreign military interventions and development assistance.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the report assess third-party interventions to prevent violence?\",\"answer\":\"It evaluates when other countries intervene, the limits of their effectiveness, and the role of multilateralism in delegating foreign 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