[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-208947-105":59,"doc-detail-208947-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","vestibular-disorders-update-on-diagnosis-and-treatment","Vestibular disorders - Update on diagnosis and treatment","","Vertigo is not a separate disease entity, but a multisensory and sensorimotor syndrome with multiple etiologies and pathogeneses, forming one of the most common doctor-presented complaints with an estimated lifetime prevalence of about 20–30%. Diagnosis relies primarily on careful history, because many patients consult several physicians before the condition is identified. After the correct diagnosis, effective targeted therapies are available for peripheral, central, and psychogenic dizziness, using medication, physiotherapy, and psychotherapy. Acute vestibular neuritis is treated with corticosteroids, while Ménière’s disease is managed with long-term high-dose betahistine.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/vestibular-disorders-update-on-diagnosis-and-treatment/208947/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/vestibular-disorders-update-on-diagnosis-and-treatment/208947.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"\tJames","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-22","2026-09-05",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":39},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why is vertigo not considered a single disease process?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Vertigo represents a multisensory and sensorimotor syndrome with various etiologies and pathogeneses rather than one distinct disease entity.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What role does history-taking play in diagnosing vestibular disorders?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"A careful history is presented as the cornerstone of diagnosis, helping guide appropriate and effective therapy after the correct diagnosis is established.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What are the recommended treatments for acute vestibular neuritis and Ménière’s disease?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Acute vestibular neuritis is treated with corticosteroids, and Ménière’s disease is treated with high-dose, long-term betahistine.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},208947,1788607471,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":39,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":81,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":39},2336474466412,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Vestibular disorders  \nUpdate on diagnosis and treatment  \nKlaus Jahn, Michael Strupp  \nDepartment of Neurology, University of Munich Key words: vestibular disorders, vertigo, dizziness  \nAbstract  \nVertigo is not a separate disease process, but a multisensory and sensorimotor syndrome with various etiologiesand pathogeneses. It is among the most common symptoms presented to doctors, with a lifetime prevalence of around 20–30% . Patients have often consulted multiple physicians before a diagnosis is made and therapy can be initiated. A careful history remains the cornerstone of diagnosis. Once the correct diagnosis is made, specific and effective treatments are available for most peripheral, central, and psychogenic forms of dizziness. Treatment may include medication, physiotherapy, and psychotherapy; a few limited cases may require surgical treatment. The treatment of choice for acute vestibular neuritis is the administration of corticosteroids. Ménière’s disease is treated with high-dose, long-term betahistine.  \nThe common types of dizziness and vertigo and their treatment  \nPeripheral vestibular vertigo  \nA functional classification of peripheral vestibular disorders divides them into three main types, which can be distinguished on the basis of their typical symptoms and signs:  \n• chronic, bilateral dysfunction of the vestibular nerve or the peripheral vestibular organs;  \n• acute, unilateral vestibular dysfunction;  \n• paroxysmal pathological excitation or inhibition of the vestibular nerve or vestibular organs.  \nBenign paroxysmal positioning vertigo (BPPV)  \nThis is the most common type of vertigo; it mainly affects older patients and has a lifetime prevalence of 2.4% . It is characterized by brief attacks of rotational vertigo, accompanied by vertical positioning nystagmus that rotates toward the lower of the two ears and beats toward the forehead. The attacks are precipitated by reclination of the head, or by lateral positioning of the head or body, with the affected ear downward. After a change in position of one of these types, rotational vertigo and nystagmus arise after a latency of a few seconds and then take a characteristic crescendo-decrescendo course, lasting in total 30–60 seconds. The nystagmus corresponds to a so-called ampullofugal excitation of the affected posterior vertical semicircular canal of the affected ear. More than 90% of cases are idiopathic; the remaining, symptomatic cases are most commonly due to head trauma, vestibular neuritis, or Ménière’s disease. BPPV also arises with greater than usual frequency after prolonged bed rest necessitated by other diseases, or after surgery. BPPV of the horizontal semicircular canal is rare and is precipitated by rotation of the head in the recumbent position. BPPV is called  \n„benign” because it usually resolves spontaneously within a few weeks or months; in some cases, however, it can last for years. If left untreated, it persists in about 30% of patients. The canalolithiasis hypothesis explains all of the manifestations of positioning vertigo and nystagmus. According to this hypothesis, the condition is due to the presence of agglomerates of many otoconia that nearly fill the lumen of the semicircular canal and are freely mobile within it. BPPV is treated with positioning maneuvers: rapid repositioning of the head can move the otoconial agglomerate out of the semicircular canalso that it can no longer cause positioning vertigo. The treatments of choice are the Semont and Epley maneuvers. Most patients can perform these maneuvers themselves after brief training. The cure rate is more than 95% within a few days, as shown by multiple controlled studies and meta-analyses. The rate of recurrence of BPPV is about 15–30% per year.  \nVestibular neuritis  \nThe clinical syndrome of vestibular neuritis is characterized by:  \n• persistent rotational vertigo with a pathological inclination of the visual vertical axis toward the side of the affected labyrinth;  \n• s","cbCaifVxdXbU6xhd","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaifVxdXbU6xhd","pdf",111415,"English","# Update on diagnosis and treatment\n## The common types of dizziness and vertigo and their treatment\n### Peripheral vestibular vertigo\n### Vestibular neuritis\n### Ménière’s disease","[{\"question\":\"Why is vertigo not considered a single disease process?\",\"answer\":\"Vertigo represents a multisensory and sensorimotor syndrome with various etiologies and pathogeneses rather than one distinct disease entity.\"},{\"question\":\"What role does history-taking play in diagnosing vestibular disorders?\",\"answer\":\"A careful history is presented as the cornerstone of diagnosis, helping guide appropriate and effective therapy after the correct diagnosis is established.\"},{\"question\":\"What are the recommended treatments for acute vestibular neuritis and Ménière’s disease?\",\"answer\":\"Acute vestibular neuritis is treated with corticosteroids, and Ménière’s disease is treated with high-dose, long-term betahistine.\"}]","Vestibular disorders - Update on diagnosis and treatment | PDF"]