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Arabic’s morphologically rich profile and complex verb system are used to test both language-specific and universal characteristics of specific language impairment (SLI). The study examines tense and agreement use and shows LI children experience notable verb morphology difficulties, frequently substituting default verb forms resembling the imperfective-stem and imperative. Findings are discussed in relation to cross-linguistic evidence and error-pattern theories in SLI.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/verb-morphology-in-egyptian-arabic-developmental-language-impairment/591627/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/verb-morphology-in-egyptian-arabic-developmental-language-impairment/591627.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"supergirl","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What does the paper study about Egyptian Arabic in children with language impairment?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It examines verb morphology in the spontaneous productions of preschool children who speak Egyptian Arabic, comparing children with language impairment to typically developing peers.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Which verb morphology errors were most frequent for the language-impaired group?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The language-impaired children frequently made substitution errors using default verb forms resembling the imperfective-stem and imperative.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How did the study evaluate tense and agreement problems?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"It examined children’s use of tense and agreement; while subject-verb agreement difficulties for gender, number, and person were discussed, tense and aspect marking was reported as less problematic than in some previous cross-linguistic observations.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},591627,1792172209,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},962088121634,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","Verb Morphology in Egyptian Arabic Developmental Language Impairment  \nArab Journal of Applied Linguistics e-ISSN 2490-4198  \nVol. 2, No. 1, January 2017, 49-73 © The Author  \n[http://www.arjals.com](http://www.arjals.com)  \nDonia Fahim1  \nAbstract  \nThis paper presents an investigation of verb morphology in the spontaneous productions of three preschool Egyptian Arabic- (EA) speaking children with language impairment (LI) anda group of typically developing children. The typological characteristics of Arabic, such as its rich morphology, lack of infinitival form and complex verb system, make it an interesting test case for determining both language specific and universal features of specific language impairment (SLI) . The children’s use of both tense and agreement was examined. The group with language impairment had particular problems with verb morphology. Use of default verb forms resembling the imperfective-stem and imperative was a frequent substitution error in the children's language productions. In contrast to previous crosslinguistic observations of SLI, although there was difficulty with subject-verb agreement for gender, number and person, marking for tense and aspect was not found to be as problematic for these children. The findings are examined in the context of cross-linguistic research and theories proposed for error patterns in SLI.  \nKeywords: Specific language impairment, Arabic, cross-linguistic research, inflection, developmental language disorder  \nTheoretical Background: Cross-linguistic research on SLI  \nSpecific Language Impairment (SLI) is a developmental disorder in which the acquisition of typical linguistic abilities is impaired relative to other cognitive domains. The etiology of SLI is not clearly identified and it is diagnosed by exclusion where no known neurological damage, sensory or motor deficit, general learning difficulty, severe personality disorder, or environmental factors can be found (Conti Ramsden & Windfuhr, 2002; Leonard, 2000; Van der Lely, 1996) .  \n1Steinhardt, New York University, New York USA Address for Correspondence:  \nDonia Fahim, Ph.D., Cert. MRCSLT  \nASD Nest Support Project, NYU Steinhardt, The Metropolitan Center for Research on Equity and the Transformation of Schools, 726 Broadway, 5th Floor, New York, NY 10003.  \n[Email: drdonia@doniafahim.com](Email: drdonia@doniafahim.com)  \nArab Journal of Applied Linguistics  \nA great deal of research has focused on the manifestation of SLI in English-speaking children (Leonard, 2000; Oetting & Horohov, 1997; Rice, Wexler & Cleave, 1995; Rice & Wexler, 1996; van der Lely, 1994) . In an effort to understand the underlying nature of SLI and to distinguish between universal and language specific features of SLI, efforts have been made to investigate the characteristics of SLI in other languages and consider the cross-linguistic similarities and differences. Children with SLI who were speakers of Romance, Germanic and to a lesser extent Semitic and Asian languages have been investigated. Particular difficulty with the use of grammatical morphology for children with SLI has been documented in a largenumber of languages: Italian (Bortolini, Caselli, Deevy, & Leonard 2002), French (Le Normand & Chevrie-Muller, 1991, Le Normand, Leonard & McGregor, 1993), Spanish (Merino, 1983; Bedore & Leonard, 2001), German (Clahsen, Bartke & Gollner, 1997; Clahsen & Richman, 1991; Grimm & Weinert, 1990), Swedish and Dutch (Hansson, Nettelbladt & Leonard 2000; Hansson & Leonard, 2003); Japanese (Fukuda & Fukuda, 1994), Greek (Dalalakis, 1994), Inuktitut (Crago & Allen, 1994) and Hebrew (Leonard & Dromi, 1994; Dromi, Leonard & Shteiman, 1993; and Dromi, Leonard, Adam & Zadunaisky-Ehrlich, 1999) . Verb error patterns, focusing on tense in particular, have been a consistent area of interest in cross-linguistic SLI research (Abdalla & Crago, 2008; Hamann, Penner & Lindner, 1998; Hansson, Nettelbladt & Leonard, 2000; Leonard, Dromi, Adam & Zadunaisky-Ehrli","cbCaiqh0qrvVkert","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiqh0qrvVkert","pdf",404627,25,"English","# Abstract\n## Theoretical Background: Cross-linguistic research on SLI","[{\"question\":\"What does the paper study about Egyptian Arabic in children with language impairment?\",\"answer\":\"It examines verb morphology in the spontaneous productions of preschool children who speak Egyptian Arabic, comparing children with language impairment to typically developing peers.\"},{\"question\":\"Which verb morphology errors were most frequent for the language-impaired group?\",\"answer\":\"The language-impaired children frequently made substitution errors using default verb forms resembling the imperfective-stem and imperative.\"},{\"question\":\"How did the study evaluate tense and agreement problems?\",\"answer\":\"It examined children’s use of tense and agreement; while subject-verb agreement difficulties for gender, number, and person were discussed, tense and aspect marking was reported as less problematic than in some previous cross-linguistic observations.\"}]","Verb Morphology in Egyptian Arabic Developmental Language Impairment | PDF",1792072863,63]