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Solutions explain key chemistry concepts and calculations, including adsorption and Rf values in chromatography, emulsion properties and conductivity, cationic detergents, and quantitative work with moles and concentration. Guidance also covers pH determination using hydrogen ion concentration, ordering of pH values, acid–base stoichiometry, and correct laboratory rinsing procedures plus meniscus reading in volumetric work.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/vce-chemistry-cat-1-1994-detailed-suggested-solutions/315880/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/vce-chemistry-cat-1-1994-detailed-suggested-solutions/315880.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Theodora","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-02","2026-09-20",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",12,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What do the solutions explain about chromatography and adsorption?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"They state that since one component moves further than another, the one with the shorter distance is more strongly adsorbed by the stationary phase. They also link the Rf value to the distance moved by the component relative to the solvent.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How is emulsion type used to predict feel and properties?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"The solutions describe a water-in-oil emulsion as having water droplets dispersed in oil, giving a greasy feel. They also note that the oil base does not mix easily with water, resulting in lower electrical conductivity than an oil-in-water emulsion.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"How are pH values calculated in these solutions?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"They use the relationship pH = -log10[H3O+]. The solutions then compute hydrogen ion concentrations and determine the ordering of increasing pH among pure water, HCl, H2SO4, and NaOH.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},315880,1789907538,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":19,"category_name":20,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":130,"read_time":46,"preview_page_count":4},687197207919,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/a000253d6f5f7c60be?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1779446848396160552","VCE CHEMISTRY CAT 1 1994  \n“CHEMISTRY IN A PRACTICAL CONTEXT”  \nDETAILED SUGGESTED  \nSOLUTIONS  \nCHEMISTRY ASSOCIATES  \nPO BOX 2227  \nKEW  \nVICTORIA 3101  \nAUSTRALIA  \nTEL: (03) 9817 5374 FAX: (03) 9817 4334  \nemail: [chemas@vicnet. net. au](chemas@vicnet. net. au)  \nInternet: [http://www.vicnet. net. au/~chemas/education. htm](http://www.vicnet. net. au/~chemas/education. htm)  \nThese detailed solutions may be copied for unlimited use within the school/ educational institution which has purchased them .  \nCopyright is broken if they are distributed outside this institution . Individuals who purchase these solutions are NOT permitted to make copies.  \nUnfortunately, due to copyright restrictions, the original paper cannot be supplied. For information on how to obtain a copy of the original examination paper, please contact:  \nThe Copyright Officer, Victorian Board of Studies,  \n15 Pelham Street Carlton, Vic . , 3053  \nTel: (03) 9651 4324  \nFax: (03) 9651 4300  \nCHEMISTRY ASSOCIATES 1997  \n1994 VCE CHEMISTRY CAT 1 SUGGESTED SOLUTIONS PAGE 1  \nSection A  \nQuestion 1  \nItem 1 ANS D  \nSince component X has moved further than component Y, Y is more strongly adsorbed by the paper (the stationary phase) than X.  \ndistance moved from the origin by the component The Rf value = distance moved from origin by solvent .  \nThis value is smaller for Y than for X.  \nItem 2 ANS A  \nA water in oil emulsion has droplets of water dispersed and suspended throughout the oil. Hence, the feel will be greasy since the fingers will come into direct contact with the oil. The oil base will not mix easily with water and the electrical conductivity will be lower than an oil in water emulsion. A water in oil emulsion requires an oil soluble dye to colour it.  \nItem 3 ANS C  \nThis detergent molecule carries a positive charge. A positively charged ion is called a cation. Hence, this is a cationic detergent.  \nItem 4 ANS D  \nNumber of mole of vitamin C = ~~ ~~re~~lativ~~me-~~ ~~n~~ ~~gcu~~l~~ar~~ ~~mass  \n= 80~~ ~~x17160~~ ~~ = 0.00045 mol.  \nItem 5 ANS B  \nConcentration of vitamin C = num~~b~~evo~~l~~umreo~~i~~mo~~lit~~res = 0.000450~~ ~~2 = 0.0023 mol L-1.  \nNote that the concentration remains the same at different volumes assuming the orange juice is a homogeneous solution.  \nItem 6 ANS C  \nThe number of mole carbon dioxide produced = the number of mole of cream of tartar since the baking soda is present in excess and, therefore, the cream of tartar will react completely. Hence, n(CO2) produced = ~~relative ~~massmo~~l~~ec~~ul~~ar~~ ~~mass = ~~ ~~018.5801 .  \nTherefore, n(CO2) produced at SLC (standard laboratory conditions)  \n= ~~ ~~018.5801 x 24.5 = 0.065 L.  \n1994 VCE CHEMISTRY CAT 1 SUGGESTED SOLUTIONS PAGE 2  \nSection A  \nQuestion 1  \nItem 7 ANS C  \npH = -log 10 [H 3O+ ] .  \nThe table below shows the hydrogen ion concentrations and the pH for each of the substances listed.  \n\n| substance | concentration | hydrogen ion concentration | pH |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| pure water | 55.5 M | 10-7 M | 7 |\n| HCl | 0.001 M | 10-3 M | 3 |\n| H2 SO4 | 0.001 M | -3\u003Cbr>2 x 10 M | 2.7 |\n| NaOH | 0.001 M | 1100--134 = 10-11 M | 11 |\n\nHence, the order of increasing pH is H2 SO4 \u003C HCl \u003C H2O \u003C NaOH.  \nItem 8 ANS A  \npH = -log 10 [H 3O+ ] . Hence, when pH = 5, [H3O+ ] = 10-5 M. Hence,[OH-] = ~~ ~~1100--145 = 10-9 M  \nItem 9 ANS B  \nThe balanced equation for this reaction is:  \nNaOH(aq) + HNO3(aq) = NaNO 3(aq) + H2O(l) .  \nNotice that 1 mole of NaOH reacts exactly with 1 mole of HNO3. Therefore, in this reaction, the number of mole of HNO3 in excess = (0.2 x 0.202) - (0.2 x 0.200) = 0.0404-0.04 = 0.0004 mol.  \nHence, number of mole of H3O+ in excess = 0.0004 mol.  \nHence, [H3O+ ] in the resultant solution = 0.00040~~ ~~4 = 0.001 M = 10-3 M.  \nHence, pH = 3.  \nItem 10 ANS C  \nThe pipette and the burette must always be rinsed with the solution that is to be used in each of them. They must not be rinsed with water since this would change the concentration of the solution in","cbCaitBqiE6aKAnc","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaitBqiE6aKAnc","pdf",21626,"English","# Section A\n## Question 1\n### Item 1\n### Item 2\n### Item 3\n### Item 4\n### Item 5\n### Item 6\n### Item 7\n### Item 8\n### Item 9\n### Item 10\n### Item 11\n### Item 12\n### Item 13\n### Item 14\n### Item 15\n### Item 16","[{\"question\":\"What do the solutions explain about chromatography and adsorption?\",\"answer\":\"They state that since one component moves further than another, the one with the shorter distance is more strongly adsorbed by the stationary phase. They also link the Rf value to the distance moved by the component relative to the solvent.\"},{\"question\":\"How is emulsion type used to predict feel and properties?\",\"answer\":\"The solutions describe a water-in-oil emulsion as having water droplets dispersed in oil, giving a greasy feel. They also note that the oil base does not mix easily with water, resulting in lower electrical conductivity than an oil-in-water emulsion.\"},{\"question\":\"How are pH values calculated in these solutions?\",\"answer\":\"They use the relationship pH = -log10[H3O+]. The solutions then compute hydrogen ion concentrations and determine the ordering of increasing pH among pure water, HCl, H2SO4, and NaOH.\"}]","VCE CHEMISTRY CAT 1 1994 - Detailed Suggested Solutions | PDF"]