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This research assessed the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the TOPICOP scale, a 12-item instrument organized into two dimensions: beliefs and worries. The study used forward and backward translation for cultural adaptation, administered the scale to 123 patients with chronic dermatoses, and applied test–retest reliability in 30 patients over two weeks. Validity analyses included content, construct (EFA/CFA), and criterion validity, while reliability used internal consistency and repeat assessment.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/validity-and-reliability-of-the-turkish-version-of-the-topical-corticosteroid-phobia-topicop-scale/455294/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/validity-and-reliability-of-the-turkish-version-of-the-topical-corticosteroid-phobia-topicop-scale/455294.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"nayy☆","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What is the purpose of this study?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"The study evaluates the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the topical corticosteroid phobia (TOPICOP) scale among Turkish patients.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How is the TOPICOP scale structured in this study?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"The scale contains 12 items grouped into two dimensions: beliefs (6 items) and worries (6 items), rated on a 4-point Likert scale.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"How were reliability and validity assessed?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Reliability was evaluated with internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) and test–retest analysis over a two-week interval. Validity included content validity, construct validity using EFA and CFA, and criterion validity.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},455294,1790793954,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":105,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},962090893153,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences  \n\n| Volume 55  Number 6 | Article 18 |\n| --- | --- |\n| 12-12-2025\u003Cbr>Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the topical corticosteroid phobia (TOPICOP) scale\u003Cbr>ESRA AĞAOĞLU\u003Cbr>HİLAL KAYA ERDOĞAN\u003Cbr>HİLAL ÇAVUŞ\u003Cbr>SELMA METİNTAŞ\u003Cbr>Follow this and additional works at: [https://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/medical](https://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/medical)\u003Cbr> Part of the Medical Sciences Commons |  |\n\nRecommended Citation  \nAĞAOĞLU, E, KAYA ERDOĞAN, H, ÇAVUŞ, H, & METİNTAŞ, S (2025) . Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the topical corticosteroid phobia (TOPICOP) scale. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences 55 (6): 1504-1512. [https://doi.org/10.55730/1300-0144.6109](https://doi.org/10.55730/1300-0144.6109)  \nThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.  \nThis Research Article is brought to you for free and open access by TÜBİTAK Academic Journals. It has been accepted for inclusion in Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences by an authorized editor of TÜBİTAK Academic Journals. For more information, please contact [academic.publications@tubitak.gov.tr](academic.publications@tubitak.gov.tr)  \n\n| \u003Cbr>| Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences [http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/medical/](http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/medical/)\u003Cbr>\u003Cbr>Research Article | Turk J Med Sci\u003Cbr>(2025) 55: 1504-1512 © TÜBİTAK\u003Cbr>doi:10.55730/1300-0144.6109 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n\nValidity and reliability of the Turkish version of the topical corticosteroid phobia  \n(TOPICOP) scale  \nEsra AĞAOĞLU1,*􀁋, Hilal KAYA ERDOĞAN1􀁋, Hilal ÇAVUŞ1􀁋, Selma METİNTAŞ2􀁋  \n1  \nDepartment of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkiye  \n2  \nDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkiye  \nReceived: 23.01.2025  Accepted/Published Online: 04.11.2025  Final Version: 12.12.2025  \nBackground/aim: Concerns about the use of topical corticosteroids (TCSs), commonly referred to as corticophobia, are widespread among dermatology patients and often lead to nonadherence to TCS treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the topical corticosteroid phobia (TOPICOP) scale.  \nMaterials and methods: The TOPICOP scale comprises 12 items grouped into 2 dimensions: beliefs (6 items) and worries (6 items) . For cultural adaptation, the scale was forward and backward translated. The final Turkish version was administered to 123 patients with chronic dermatoses who rated their perceptions of TCSs using a 4-point Likert scale. Test-retest reliability was assessed in 30 patients over a 2-week interval. In the validity analysis of the scale, content, construct (exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA)) and criterion validity were tested. Internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha coefficient) and test-retest analyses were performed in the reliability analysis.  \nResults: EFA yielded 2 subdomains explaining 67.61% of the total variance and factor loadings ranging between 0.81 and 0.42. In CFA,χ2/df, SRMR, RMSEA, CFI, and TLI were in the excellent/acceptable range. Internal consistency had Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of 0.788 for the beliefs dimension, 0.815 for the worries dimension, and 0.861 for the total scale. A moderate-to-strong positive correlation was observed in test–retest reliability, with a correlation coefficient of 0.746 (p \u003C 0.001) . The mean (SD) global score of the Turkish TOPICOP scale was 50.74%(21.06%). Patients with higher educational levels had higher mean scores (p ≤ 0.05) .  \nConclusion: The Turkish version of the TOPICOP scale is a valid and reliable tool for assessing topical corticophobia among Turkish patients. Physicians should dedicate sufficient time to patient education to enhance TCS adherence.  \nKey words: TOPICOP scale, Turkish, validity, reliability  \n1. Introduction  \nTopical corticosteroids (TCSs) are the most","cbCaiakqF3WtieOM","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiakqF3WtieOM","pdf",577336,"English","# Background/aim\n# Materials and methods\n## Scale structure and translation\n## Participants and reliability testing\n## Validity analysis\n# Results\n# Conclusion\n# Key words","[{\"question\":\"What is the purpose of this study?\",\"answer\":\"The study evaluates the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the topical corticosteroid phobia (TOPICOP) scale among Turkish patients.\"},{\"question\":\"How is the TOPICOP scale structured in this study?\",\"answer\":\"The scale contains 12 items grouped into two dimensions: beliefs (6 items) and worries (6 items), rated on a 4-point Likert scale.\"},{\"question\":\"How were reliability and validity assessed?\",\"answer\":\"Reliability was evaluated with internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) and test–retest analysis over a two-week interval. Validity included content validity, construct validity using EFA and CFA, and criterion validity.\"}]","Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the topical corticosteroid phobia (TOPICOP) scale | PDF",1790742555,28]