[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-594668-105":59,"doc-detail-594668-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","validation-of-the-pictorial-infant-communication-scale-for-preschool-aged-children-with-autism-spectrum-disorder","Validation of the Pictorial Infant Communication Scale for preschool-aged children with autism spectrum disorder","","Joint attention, the shared focus of attention between a social partner and objects or events, is a key social-communication milestone and a common area of deficit in children with autism spectrum disorder. Existing parent-report screening tools often cover broad behavior sets, whereas targeted joint-attention assessment is frequently examiner-led and difficult to score. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Pictorial Infant Communication Scale, finding strong internal consistency, supportive three-factor structure, and meaningful concurrent validity with clinical measures. Results indicate it is promising for measuring joint attention skills in preschool-aged children.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/validation-of-the-pictorial-infant-communication-scale-for-preschool-aged-children-with-autism-spectrum-disorder/594668/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/validation-of-the-pictorial-infant-communication-scale-for-preschool-aged-children-with-autism-spectrum-disorder/594668.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Ben ","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-23","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":14},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the Pictorial Infant Communication Scale used for?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It is a parent-report measure designed to assess joint attention skills, which can complement structured assessments when characterizing early social communication development in children with autism spectrum disorder.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What were the key psychometric findings of the scale?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The study reported high internal consistency and strong intercorrelations between subscales. Confirmatory factor analysis supported a three-factor model of joint attention.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Does the scale show evidence of concurrent validity?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Yes. Significant correlations were found between scores on the Pictorial Infant Communication Scale and direct clinical measures of child joint attention, language skills, and autism spectrum disorder symptom severity, supporting concurrent validity.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},594668,1792784594,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":14,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},2336478951081,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Original Article  \nValidation of the Pictorial Infant Communication Scale for preschool-aged children with autism spectrum disorder  \nChristine S Ghilain 1,2, Meaghan V Parlade 1, Matthew T McBee3, Drew C Coman4, Taylor Owen 1, Anibal Gutierrez 1, Brian Boyd5, Samuel Odom5 and Michael Alessandri 1  \nAutism  \n2017, Vol. 21(2) 203–216  \n© The Author(s) 2016  \nReprints and permissions: [sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav](sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav)[ ](sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav)[DOI: 10.1177/1362361316636757](DOI: 10.1177/1362361316636757)[ ](DOI: 10.1177/1362361316636757)[aut.sagepub.com](aut.sagepub.com)  \nAbstract  \nJoint attention, or the shared focus of attention between objects or events and a social partner, is a crucial milestone in the development of social communication and a notable area of deficit in children with autism spectrum disorder. While valid parent-report screening measures of social communication are available, the majority of these measures are designed to assess a wide range of behaviors. Targeted assessment of joint attention and related skills is primarily limited to semi-structured, examiner-led interactions, which are time-consuming and laborious to score. The Pictorial Infant Communication Scale is an efficient parent-report measure of joint attention that can be used as a complement to structured assessments in fully characterizing early social communication development. This study examined the psychometric properties of the Pictorial Infant Communication Scale. Results revealed a high degree of internal consistency and strong intercorrelations between subscales. Additionally, confirmatory factor analysis supported a three-factor model of joint attention. Furthermore, significant correlations between the Pictorial Infant Communication Scale and direct clinical measures of child joint attention, language skills, and autism spectrum disorder symptom severity were suggestive of concurrent validity. Findings suggest that the Pictorial Infant Communication Scale is a promising tool for measuring joint attention skills in preschool-aged children with autism spectrum disorder.  \nKeywords  \nautism spectrum disorder, communication, coordinated joint attention, measurement, parent report  \nAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in social communication, as well as the presence of restricted interests and repetitive behaviors (American Psychiatric Association (APA), 2013) . Although there is tremendous variation in symptom presentation, all individuals demonstrate a qualitative disturbance in social interaction which, like all the other distinguishing characteristics, may vary depending on the person’s cognitive level, language abilities, developmental stage, and type of social setting in which they are observed (Lord, 1991; Mundy et al., 1986) . To characterize these deficits, clinicians regularly focus on the use of joint attention and related skills. Joint attention skills are of particular interest not only because they are a defining feature of ASD, but also because they are among the best predictors of developing the disorder (Sigman et al., 2004) and an influential factor in determining subsequent developmental outcomes (Sigman and Ruskin, 1999) . In this regard, it is especially important to develop psychometrically sound  \nmeasures of joint attention in children with ASD. These include both parent-report and standardized measures, as information from multiple sources is needed to fully assess the social communication abilities of young children (Tager-Flusberg et al., 2009) . Quantitative measures of joint attention skills may be particularly useful in characterizing communicative competencies upon initial diagnosis, as well as in the ongoing assessment and quantification of treatment response to early intervention.  \n1 University of Miami, USA  \n2Emory University School of Medicine, USA  \n3East Tennessee State University, USA","cbCaijWFIkF8vrVE","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaijWFIkF8vrVE","pdf",639447,14,"English","# Abstract\n## Purpose and background\n## Psychometric evaluation results\n## Validity findings and implications\n# Keywords\n## Autism spectrum disorder and social communication deficits\n## Definition and behavioral forms of joint attention","[{\"question\":\"What is the Pictorial Infant Communication Scale used for?\",\"answer\":\"It is a parent-report measure designed to assess joint attention skills, which can complement structured assessments when characterizing early social communication development in children with autism spectrum disorder.\"},{\"question\":\"What were the key psychometric findings of the scale?\",\"answer\":\"The study reported high internal consistency and strong intercorrelations between subscales. Confirmatory factor analysis supported a three-factor model of joint attention.\"},{\"question\":\"Does the scale show evidence of concurrent validity?\",\"answer\":\"Yes. Significant correlations were found between scores on the Pictorial Infant Communication Scale and direct clinical measures of child joint attention, language skills, and autism spectrum disorder symptom severity, supporting concurrent validity.\"}]","Validation of the Pictorial Infant Communication Scale for preschool-aged children with autism spectrum disorder | PDF",1792079604,35]