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Prior literature offers limited empirical evidence supporting claims that swimlanes convey process-model information effectively and efficiently. Two studies had students review swimlane and non-swimlane diagrams for the same business process. Across 142 and 131 responses, non-swimlane diagrams were overall more effective, while swimlane diagrams were more efficient, especially with salient visual cues and handshake activities.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/validation-of-business-process-models-using-swimlane-diagrams/657222/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/validation-of-business-process-models-using-swimlane-diagrams/657222.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"McGucket","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-10-26",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":19},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why are swimlane diagrams considered useful for business process validation?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"They are expected to convey information about business process models to stakeholders effectively and efficiently, supporting validation of business rules and procedures.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What did the two studies compare?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Students examined swimlane and non-swimlane diagrams of the same business process in two separate studies.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What were the main findings about effectiveness and efficiency?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Non-swimlane diagrams were more effective overall at conveying information, but swimlane diagrams were more efficient, particularly when they included important visual clues and handshake activities.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},657222,1793095586,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":19,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},1236954412713,"https://us-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","Journal of Information Technology Management  \nISSN \\#1042-1319  \nA Publication of the Association of Management  \nVALIDATION OF BUSINESS PROCESS MODELS USING  \nSWIMLANE DIAGRAMS  \nANAND JEYARAJ  \nWRIGHT STATE UNIVERSITY  \n[anand.jeyaraj@wright.edu](anand.jeyaraj@wright.edu)  \nVICKI L. SAUTER  \nUNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-ST.LOUIS  \n[Vicki.Sauter@umsl.edu](Vicki.Sauter@umsl.edu)  \nABSTRACT  \nSwimlane diagrams are regarded to be an important tool when validating business rules and procedures with stakeholders because they are believed to convey information about business process models effectively and efficiently. However, the literature lacks empirical support for such an assumption; the literature is void of studies evaluating the efficacy of swimlane diagrams. We conducted two studies that required students to examine swimlane and non-swimlane diagrams ofthe same business process. Based on 142 and 131 responses, respectively, for the two studies, we found that the non-swimlane diagrams are more effective overall in conveying information to stakeholders, but that swimlane diagrams are more efficient in conveying information to stakeholders, especially when they include important visual clues and handshake activities.  \nKeywords: Swimlane Diagrams, Modeling Tool, Enterprise-wide Systems, Cross-functional, Business Processes, Process Map, Stakeholder  \nINTRODUCTION  \nGreat effort has been dedicated to the development of methodologies for software development. There are over a thousand methodologies, each specifying processes to complete, and deliverables to produce so that software project teams may create the best possible information systems (IS) . There are methodologies appropriate for every possible scenario in which software could be developed, and processes for improving the use of those methodologies, such as CMMI and ISO [3], [8], [12],[21] . However, system failure rates continue to be above 50%, and perhaps as high as 65%[6], [11], [20] . Further, practitioners complain about the time they must spend  \ncreating the prescribed documentation. This raises the question of whether the deliverables are helpful and necessary to guarantee the effectiveness and efficiency of the development process.  \nFor example, consider the class of deliverables of diagramming tools. Most methodologies prescribe one or more diagramming tools to facilitate communication with clients, because such communication is both critical and difficult. Such tools serve as the primary mechanism by which systems analysts discover business rules, procedures and processes governing organizational operations. Meticulous communication is the key to accurate definition of requirements, which, in turn, is the critical component to good systems design and implementation [11]) . Ambiguity in language and differences in assumptions can  \nresult in misunderstood information from the customer and/or conflicting information from different stakeholders1. Because of the importance of communication of requirements, most methodologies prescribe learning, verifying, and validating business rules and procedures prior to the design and development of IS to ensure systems analysts have interpreted correctly. The diagramming techniques generally help with the validation process, where systems analysts test the internal consistency of the business rules, and whether the resulting system is what the user actually needs [19], [5] . This is different from the process of verification, which examines whether the product is built correctly. Instead, validation refers to those activities that ensure “the right product is built by determining whether it... fulfills specific user-defined intended purposes” [13] . The validation process requires evaluation each time requirements are translated from one domain to another, such as represented by the diagram in Figure 1 [13] .  \nFigure 1 : The Validation Process that ensures the analyst's understanding of the requirements meets the expectatio","cbCaifUyFKUSACSp","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaifUyFKUSACSp","pdf",456715,11,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n# Swimlane Diagrams\n## Validation process and stakeholder communication\n## Comparison with other diagramming tools","[{\"question\":\"Why are swimlane diagrams considered useful for business process validation?\",\"answer\":\"They are expected to convey information about business process models to stakeholders effectively and efficiently, supporting validation of business rules and procedures.\"},{\"question\":\"What did the two studies compare?\",\"answer\":\"Students examined swimlane and non-swimlane diagrams of the same business process in two separate studies.\"},{\"question\":\"What were the main findings about effectiveness and efficiency?\",\"answer\":\"Non-swimlane diagrams were more effective overall at conveying information, but swimlane diagrams were more efficient, particularly when they included important visual clues and handshake activities.\"}]","VALIDATION OF BUSINESS PROCESS MODELS USING SWIMLANE DIAGRAMS | PDF",1792975875,28]