[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-330274-105":59,"doc-detail-330274-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":124,"head_meta":126,"extra_data":128,"updated_unix":130},105,"en","vakrokti-theory-objectives-introduction-views-on-vakrokti-kuntakas-theory","Vakrokti Theory Objectives - Introduction - Views on Vakrokti - Kuntaka’s Theory","","Vakrokti theory is presented as a reaction to the Dhvani School and as an attempt to revive teachings of the ancient alamkara tradition. The text explains how early theorists used “vakrokti” in a broad sense, linking it with deviations that make poetic figures possible, and how later scholars restricted its scope across categories of poetic figures. Kuntaka’s thesis is then detailed, defining poetry through a striking deviation in expression, shaped by the poet’s genius, and tested through chamatkara. Six aspects of vakratā in composition are outlined.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":15,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/literature/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/vakrokti-theory-objectives-introduction-views-on-vakrokti-kuntakas-theory/330274/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/vakrokti-theory-objectives-introduction-views-on-vakrokti-kuntakas-theory/330274.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Clementine","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-03","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",25,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What reaction did the Vakrokti theory form against?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"The theory of Vakrokti arose as a reaction to the views of the Dhvani School, aiming to reinstate teachings of the ancient alamkara school.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How did earlier theorists understand “vakrokti”?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Earlier theorists used “vakrokti” with a wide connotation. For example, Bhamaha treated vakrokti as a basic feature of all alamkaras, while Dandin included all poetic figures under vakrokti except svabhavokti.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What is the core principle of Kuntaka’s Vakrokti theory and how is it tested?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Kuntaka’s principle is that a striking deviation from ordinary modes of expression constitutes the essence of poetry. It is tested through chamatkara, the aesthetic enjoyment produced by the composition.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},330274,1790185734,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":14,"category_name":15,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":24,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":39},1374391974564,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/14000253aa45c000a9e?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1779874745381141002","Vakrokti  \nObjectives  \n􀁸 To introduce students to Vakrokti theory.  \n􀁸 To make students familiar to the types of Vakrokti.  \n􀁸 To inform students about the opinions of various theorists on Vakrokti.  \nIntroduction  \nThe theory of Vakrokti was one that sprang up as a reaction to the views of the Dhvani School, and was an attempt to reinstate the teachings of the ancient alamkara school. The concept of vakrokti was dealt with from different points of view by writers old and new and with greater emphasis by the alamkaravadins. In fact, the realization that vakrokti was an inherent feature of poetry was as old as Bhamaha, the earliest known exponent of the Alamkara school. However, it was Kuntaka (circa early 11th C. A. D.) who attempted to develop the thesis that vakrokti was the life of poetry, in his treatise entitled Vakroktijivita.  \nNo later writer came forward in support of Kuntaka. Therefore, after the brilliant flash of light thrown upon it by him, the theory of vakrokti sank into oblivion. Nevertheless, he madea marked contribution to critical thought in the field of poetry, by bringing to light many other ideas which would prove useful in the evolution of a general theory of literary criticism, in Sanskrit.  \nViews on Vakrokti:  \nFor the earlier theorists 'vakrokti' had a wide connotation. To Bhamaha, vakrokti was the basic feature of all alamkaras. Without vakrata-a certain quality of deviation-no expression would amount to a poetic figure, and Bhamaha rejects certain figures of speech on the ground that they do not possess vakrokti. In Bhamaha's theory, it is the poetic figure that determines poetic expression. Further, vakrokti being a departure from the ordinary mode of expression, enters the province of atisayokti (hyperbolic expression) which should be, as much as possible, a feature of the poetic figure. Hence, it follows that to Bhamaha, vakrokti determines the nature of poetry.  \nFor Dandin too, the term vakrokti has a similar wide connotation. He divided all poetic speech into two categories--namely, (i) svabhavokti and (ii) vakrokti. Under the latter are included all poetic figures except svabhavokti (nature description) . Hence in Dandin, vakrokti is a collective name for all alamkaras other than svabhavokti. All such figures are marked by a deviation from the ordinary mode of expression, and this gives them the common name vakrokti. Svabhavokti is excluded from the group, being a description of nature, as it is.  \nIn later theorists, the scope of vakrokti gets greatly restricted. In Vamana, vakrokti is the name given to a certain poetic figure-one of the many alamkaras of sense (arthalamkara) like upama, rupaka, etc. On the other hand, Rudrata gives the name vakrokti to an alamkara of sound (sabdalamkara) in which the characterising feature is a play on words where the listener understands from an expression more than one idea, due to intonation employed (kaku) or due to paronomasia (slesa) . (E.g. \"I am Hari.\" \"What? Are you a monkey then?\") Almost all later alamkarikas of note use the term vakrokti in this sense of sabdalamkara.  \nKuntaka’s Theory of Vakrokti  \nThe basic principle underlying Kuntaka's theory of vakrokti is \"that a certain striking deviation from the ordinary mode of expression of ideas constitute the essence of poetry. \"  \nthis definition of poetry in a general way sums up his theory. According to Kuntaka, \"poetry is blend of sound and sense which is established in a composition embodying the poetic activity of a devotional character, and which delights those who know the true nature of poetry. \" Vakrata separates poetry from other forms of expression, and is co-existence with the delightful nature of poetry. Vakrokti consists of the peculiar turn given to any expression due to the skill of the poet, and consequently rests on the poet's activity (kavivyapara), which is explained as 'an act of imagination on the part of the poet.\" Thus vakrata is totally related to and is the result of po","cbCaiqrW5JhAdxZY","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiqrW5JhAdxZY","pdf",235710,"English","# Objectives\n# Introduction\n# Views on Vakrokti\n# Kuntaka’s Theory of Vakrokti","[{\"question\":\"What reaction did the Vakrokti theory form against?\",\"answer\":\"The theory of Vakrokti arose as a reaction to the views of the Dhvani School, aiming to reinstate teachings of the ancient alamkara school.\"},{\"question\":\"How did earlier theorists understand “vakrokti”?\",\"answer\":\"Earlier theorists used “vakrokti” with a wide connotation. For example, Bhamaha treated vakrokti as a basic feature of all alamkaras, while Dandin included all poetic figures under vakrokti except svabhavokti.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the core principle of Kuntaka’s Vakrokti theory and how is it tested?\",\"answer\":\"Kuntaka’s principle is that a striking deviation from ordinary modes of expression constitutes the essence of poetry. It is tested through chamatkara, the aesthetic enjoyment produced by the composition.\"}]","Vakrokti Theory Objectives - Introduction - Views on Vakrokti - Kuntaka’s Theory | PDF",1789987964]