[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-415580-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-415580-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","vaccine-controversies-the-issues-background-chronology-current-situation-outlook","Vaccine Controversies - The Issues - Background - Chronology - Current Situation - Outlook","","Discusses the debate over childhood and adult vaccination requirements, weighing scientific evidence for preventing deadly diseases against public skepticism fueled by safety concerns and parental rights. Reviews high vaccination coverage in the United States, the role of outbreaks in shaping policy, and the expansion of mandates beyond school-age children to health care workers and military recruits. Covers state legislation, congressional proposals, vaccine trust issues, and future developments.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/vaccine-controversies-the-issues-background-chronology-current-situation-outlook/415580/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/vaccine-controversies-the-issues-background-chronology-current-situation-outlook/415580.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"kopisore","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-21","2026-09-28",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",10,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"Should parents be required to immunize their children?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"The document frames mandatory immunization as a public health requirement to reduce disease spread, while opponents argue it infringes on parental rights and personal freedom.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"What arguments do supporters of vaccination requirements emphasize?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Supporters cite scientific evidence that vaccines prevent deadly diseases and note that refusing to follow vaccine protocols can allow rapid disease spread during outbreaks.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What concerns drive opposition to vaccination?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Opponents contend that the growing number of vaccines raises safety concerns and that mandates limit parental rights and individual choice.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},415580,1791030791,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,110,115,120,123,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":118,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":121,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":122},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":55,"slug":125},"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":107,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":144,"read_time":99,"preview_page_count":4},962090880963,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","# Vaccine Controversies\n\nShould parents be required to immunize their children?  \nwo centuries of scientific evidence have provenconclusively that vaccines can prevent deadlydiseases,but a small,vocal group of skeptics —aided by high-profile celebrities —continues to  \nfight mandatory immunization,especially of babies and school-agechildren.More than 90 percent of Americans inmunize their childrenagainst diseases such as measles,diphtheria and whooping cough,but the remainder either reject immunization or don't get the vac-cinations on schedule.Public health officials say refusing to followvaccine protocols allows diseases to spread rapidly,as happenedin December 2014 when a measles outbreak began at Disneylandand spread to seven states.But opponents of mandatory vaccinationcontend that the escalating number of vaccines poses safetyconcerns and that requiring parents to immunize their childrenimpinges on parental rights and personal freedom.The conflictextends beyond school-age children to include mandatory immu-niztion against the influenza virus for health care workers andmilitary requirements that recruits be vaccinated against yellow fever,anthrax and other dangers.  \nJennifer Wonnacott,with her son Henry,is among theCalifornia parents who supported a new law requiringschoolchildren in the state to be vaccinated.The lawbans most immunization exemptions and isamong the nation's strictest.  \n# THIS REPORT \n\nTHE ISSLES………………171BACKGROUND……  ……177CHRONOLOGY……………179CURRENT STTUATION……181OUTLOOK…………………184AT ISSLE……………………185BIBLIOGRAPHY……………190THE NEXT STEP…………191  \nCQ Researcher·Feb.19,2016·www.cqresearcher.comVolume 26,Number 8·Pages 169-192  \nRECHPHENT()F SC)CHIY()F PROFESSINAL.J()L RNALISTS AWARI)FORIXCELIENCE◆ AMERICAN BAR ASS()CIATI(N SIIAER(GAIEL.AUARI)  \n## THE ISSUES\n\n·Are vaccines safe?  \n171  \n·Should parents be requiredto vaccinate their children?  \n·Does the pharmaceuticalindustry have too much in-fluence over vaccine policy?  \n## BACKGROUND\n\n### Early Vaccinations\n\n177  \nChinese Emperor K'ang inocu-lated his children againstsmallpox in the 17th century.  \nDiscovery of VaccinesIn 1796,British physicianEdward Jenner discoveredexposure to cowpox couldprevent smallpox.  \n177  \n### Modern Fears\n\n178  \nTainted vaccines andnegative side effects stokedpublic dlistrust.  \n### CURRENT SITUATION\n\nState Legislation  \n181  \nFive states have tightenedvaccination requirementssince a 2014 measles out-break.  \n### Congressional Vote\n\nSome worry that proposedfederal health legislationcould compromise vaccinesafety.  \n### HPV Vaccine\n\nAdolescent vaccination ratesagainst the vinus remain low.  \n### OUTLOOK\n\nPipeline Expanding  \nDrug makers are researchingor developing vaccinesagainst Ebola,Zika andother diseases.  \nAP Photo/Rich Pedroncelli  \n## SDEBARS AND GRAPHICS\n\n172Most States AllowVaccination ExemptionsOnly three have bannedexceptions.  \n173Vaccination Support RisesAfter Measles OutbreakEighty-seven percent of adultssaid childhood vaccines aresafe.  \n176Most Adults SeeVaccinations asImportant SafeguardTwenty percent of adultsbelieve parents should befree to decide.  \n179ChronologyKey events since 1809.  \n180Vaccine CompensationProgram Faulted  \nIt has been “astonishinglyslow and surprisingly com-bative.”  \n182Vaccination Mandates forAdults on the Rise  \n\"More should be done toprotect the most vulnerablepopulations.\"  \n185  \nAt Issue:  \nShould children have to bevaccinated to attend school?  \nFOR FURTHER RESEARCH  \n189  \nFor More InformationOrganizations to contact.  \nBibliographySelected sources used.  \n190  \nThe Next Step  \n191  \nAdditional articles.  \nCiting CQ ResearcherSample bibliography formats  \n191  \nCQ RESEARCHER  \nPRESS  \nFeb.19,2016  \nVolume 26,Number 8  \nExECUTTVE EDITOR:Thomas J.Billiteritjb@sagepub.com  \nASSISTANT MANAGING EDITORS:Kathy Koch.kathy.koch@sagepub.con1.Chuck McCutcheon,chuck.nccutcheon@sagepub.coml.Scott Rohrer,scott.rohrerasagepub.com  \nSENIOR CONTRIBUTING EDITOR:  \nThomas J.Colin  \ntom.colin@sagepub.c","cbCaibeDkZYCCmCn","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaibeDkZYCCmCn","pdf",2390601,24,"English","# Vaccine Controversies\n## The Issues\n## Background\n### Early Vaccinations\n### Modern Fears\n## Current Situation\n### State Legislation\n### Congressional Vote\n### HPV Vaccine\n## Outlook\n## Sidebars and Graphics\n## At Issue","[{\"question\":\"Should parents be required to immunize their children?\",\"answer\":\"The document frames mandatory immunization as a public health requirement to reduce disease spread, while opponents argue it infringes on parental rights and personal freedom.\"},{\"question\":\"What arguments do supporters of vaccination requirements emphasize?\",\"answer\":\"Supporters cite scientific evidence that vaccines prevent deadly diseases and note that refusing to follow vaccine protocols can allow rapid disease spread during outbreaks.\"},{\"question\":\"What concerns drive opposition to vaccination?\",\"answer\":\"Opponents contend that the growing number of vaccines raises safety concerns and that mandates limit parental rights and individual choice.\"}]","Vaccine Controversies - The Issues - Background - Chronology - Current Situation - Outlook | PDF",1790601964]