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The review reports synergistic potential between cancer vaccines and checkpoint inhibitors, including personalized neoantigen approaches, based on literature search from 2013 to 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head and neck cancer patients  \nSyed Fareed Mohsin  \nSUMMARY  \nHead and neck cancer (HNC) is a diversified group of tumors arising from the upper aerodigestive tract, encompassing the oral cavity, larynx, and pharynx. Globally, this particular cancer ranks sixth in prevalence, resulting in an annual mortality rate above 325,000 individuals. Surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy are the primary therapeutic options for HNC, which are frequently used in combination. Despite their extensive use, these treatments are typically unsuccessful and can significantly impair patient quality of life. Therapeutic vaccinations are administered to cancer patients instead of preventative immunizations administered to a healthy population. The efficacy of this modality has considerably transformed the application and success of cancer management by providing an additional and effective therapeutic option for patients. Cancer treatment has been revolutionized by introducing Immune Checkpoint receptors inhibitors (ICR), such as anti-CTLA4, anti-PD-1, and anti-PD-L1 .3. ICR have also established immunity against self-generated cancerous cells. Cancer vaccines have shown extraordinary synergistic potential with checkpoint inhibitors to maximize tumor-specific CD8+ expansion and activity, which detects and destroys tumor cells. Personalized neoantigen vaccination therapies can potentially combat the heterogeneity of each patient’s tumor. The findings of this review suggest that recent advances in cancer immunology and geneticsimply that cancer vaccination can be a promising alternative treatment for head and neck cancer patients. This review conducted a comprehensive literature search to identify relevant studies on immunotherapy options for head and neck cancer patients. The search strategy was designed to capture a wide range of peer-reviewed articles, conference proceedings, and grey literature from 2013 to 2023. The databases searched to ensure comprehensive coverage of the literature included PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar; to include grey literature and articles not indexed in traditional databases.  \nKEYWORDS: Checkpoint receptors, Head and neck cancer, Immunotherapy, Therapeutic Vaccine.  \ndoi: [https://doi.org10.12669/pjms.40.7.8791](https://doi.org10.12669/pjms.40.7.8791)  \nHow to cite this: Mohsin SF. Vaccine a promising immunotherapy option for head and neck cancer patients. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(7):1578-1583 .  \ndoi: [https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.7.8791](https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.7.8791)  \nThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ([http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0)), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.  \n1. Syed Fareed Mohsin  \nAssociate Professor,  \nDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences. College of Dentistry, Qassim University,  \nBuraydah, Saudi Arabia.  \nCorrespondence:  \nSyed Fareed Mohsin  \nAssociate Professor,  \nDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences. College of Dentistry, Qassim University,  \nBuraydah, Saudi Arabia.  \nEmail: [s.syedabdulmohsin@qu.edu.sa](s.syedabdulmohsin@qu.edu.sa)  \n*  \n*  \n*  \nReceived for Publication: Revision Received:  \nRevision Accepted:  \nSeptember 18, 2023 June 12, 2024  \nJune 14, 2024  \nINTRODUCTION  \nHead and neck cancer (HNC) is the seventh most common cancer globally, accounting for more than 660,000 new cases and 325,000 deaths each year.1,2 It appears that the incidence of this disease has increased in developing nations as it is one of the most common cancers in these regions. Despite the decline in smoking, particularly in developed countries, potential changes in etiology have been suggested.3,4  \nThe consumption of cigarettes and alcohol are the primary cause of HNC. 5 It is ","cbCair2lAk8X8HyJ","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCair2lAk8X8HyJ","pdf",832683,"English","# Summary\n# Introduction\n## Epidemiology and risk factors\n## Current treatment approaches\n## Cancer immunotherapy and vaccination mechanisms","[{\"question\":\"What makes head and neck cancer difficult to treat with standard options?\",\"answer\":\"Surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy are commonly used, but they are often unsuccessful and can significantly impair patients’ quality of life.\"},{\"question\":\"How do cancer vaccines relate to immunotherapy in head and neck cancer?\",\"answer\":\"The review frames cancer vaccination as a way to generate anti-tumor immune responses by directing the immune system to recognize and destroy cancer cells.\"},{\"question\":\"Why are immune checkpoint receptor inhibitors important in this treatment landscape?\",\"answer\":\"Checkpoint inhibitors such as anti-CTLA4, anti-PD-1, and anti-PD-L1 help establish immunity against self-generated cancer cells and can synergize with cancer vaccines to enhance tumor-specific CD8+ activity.\"}]","Vaccine a promising immunotherapy option for head and neck cancer patients | PDF",1790015207,15]