[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-378627-105":59,"doc-detail-378627-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","vaccination-based-immunoprevention-of-colorectal-tumors-a-primer-for-the-clinician","Vaccination-Based Immunoprevention of Colorectal Tumors - A Primer for the Clinician","","Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a major global public health challenge despite screening programs that reduce incidence while still allowing missed lesions and interval cancers. Vaccine-based cancer immunoprevention targets immune mechanisms to enhance surveillance and destruction of tumor cells, including by removing immune checkpoints. The primer explains concepts behind preventive (immunocompetent) versus therapeutic (immunosuppressed) vaccines, summarizes why advanced-cancer vaccine trials often fail, and highlights completion of a randomized trial of a mucin1 vaccine in CRC prevention.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/vaccination-based-immunoprevention-of-colorectal-tumors-a-primer-for-the-clinician/378627/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/vaccination-based-immunoprevention-of-colorectal-tumors-a-primer-for-the-clinician/378627.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"anakgang17","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-24","2026-09-24",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"为什么需要肠癌的免疫预防（immunoprevention）？","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"尽管CRC筛查能降低发病率，但仍存在漏诊病灶与间隔癌等问题；因此需要能更有效提升免疫监视、降低肿瘤发生的预防策略。","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"预防性疫苗与治疗性疫苗的临床反应可能为何不同？",{"text":117,"@type":113},"先进肿瘤相关的免疫抑制环境常导致治疗性疫苗失败；相比之下，免疫功能正常的人群中的预防性疫苗可能获得更好的临床反应。",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"文中提到的阿司匹林预防效果与哪些因素有关？",{"text":121,"@type":113},"预防效果可能取决于患者人群与阿司匹林剂量；不同试验显示高剂量与低剂量的结局并不一致。","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},378627,1790707929,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":52,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":34,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},962090883568,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","Vaccination-Based Immunoprevention of Colorectal Tumors  \nA Primer for the Clinician  \nKaty Jackson, MD, MPH,* Sohini Samaddar, MBBS,†  \nMary A. Markiewicz, PhD,‡ and Ajay Bansal, MD†§  \nAbstract: Colorectal cancer (CRC) continues to be a significant public health problem worldwide. CRC screening programs have reduced the incidence rates of CRCs but still suffer from the problems of missed lesions and interval cancers. Chemopreventive strategies against CRC would benefit high-risk populations but trials testing synthetic and naturally occurring compounds have not yielded a front runner. Immune mechanisms promoting cancer have been modulated to develop immunotherapy for cancer treatment that has revolutionized cancer management, but could also be applied to cancer interception, that is, cancer immunoprevention. Cancer immunoprevention refers to approaches that can enhance the immune system, either directly or by removing natural breaks such as immune checkpoints, to survey and destroy tumor cells. In this primer, we aim to explain the concepts behind vaccine-based cancer immunoprevention. Multiple cancer vaccines have been tried in advanced cancer populations, but most have failed primarily because of an immunosuppressive environment that accompanies advanced cancers. Preventive vaccines in immunocompetent hosts may have a better clinical response compared with therapeutic vaccines in immunosuppressed hosts. The first randomized controlled trial testing the mucin1 vaccine against CRC in the prevention setting has been successfully completed. For the benefitof the clinician, we briefly discuss important concepts related to the workings of preventive vaccines. Prevention with vaccines is a highly attractive approach because of the potential for highly targeted therapy with minimal side effects that could theoretically provide lifelong protection.  \nKey Words: cancer immunoprevention, vaccines, colorectal cancers (J Clin Gastroenterol 2023;57:246–252)  \nColorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common  \ncancer globally, representing 10% of cancer diagnosesand 9 .4% of cancer deaths worldwide.1 Because of its public  \nFrom the *Department of Medicine, The University of Kansas Health System; †Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology; ‡Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Immunology, The University of Kansas Medical Center; and §The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS.  \nThis work was supported in part by the NIH/NCI Cancer Center Support Grant P30 CA168524 to AB.  \nM.A.M. is a paid consultant for Design-Zyme, LLC. A.B. has received  \nresearch support from Freenome Holdings and Stella Diagnostics. The remaining authors declare that they have nothing to disclose.  \nAddress correspondence to: Ajay Bansal, MD, Department of Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, MO 66160 (e-mail: [abansal@kumc.edu](abansal@kumc.edu)) .  \nCopyright © 2022 The Author(s) . Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.  \nDOI: 10.1097/MCG.0000000000001808  \n[246](246 | www.jcge.com)[ |](246 | www.jcge.com)[ www.jcge.com](246 | www.jcge.com)  \nhealth importance, multiple cancer prevention societies endorse CRC screening through one of the many established modalities.2,3 If an option such as fecal blood or stool DNA testing is chosen, then the abnormal result is followed by colonoscopy, which is the only modality that can not only detect CRC, but also can remove precancerous lesions to prevent CRC. Although data from ongoing randomized controlled trials of colonoscopy are not available, extrapolation from randomized controlled trials of flexible sigmoidoscopy supp","cbCaicLk7gU2kOLk","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaicLk7gU2kOLk","pdf",266893,"English","# Abstract\n# Rationale for CRC prevention and screening\n## Limitations of screening and interval cancers\n## Need for novel prevention strategies\n# Chemoprevention background\n## Aspirin trials and dose dependence\n# Immunotherapy and cancer immunoprevention\n## Vaccine-based interception concepts","[{\"question\":\"为什么需要肠癌的免疫预防（immunoprevention）？\",\"answer\":\"尽管CRC筛查能降低发病率，但仍存在漏诊病灶与间隔癌等问题；因此需要能更有效提升免疫监视、降低肿瘤发生的预防策略。\"},{\"question\":\"预防性疫苗与治疗性疫苗的临床反应可能为何不同？\",\"answer\":\"先进肿瘤相关的免疫抑制环境常导致治疗性疫苗失败；相比之下，免疫功能正常的人群中的预防性疫苗可能获得更好的临床反应。\"},{\"question\":\"文中提到的阿司匹林预防效果与哪些因素有关？\",\"answer\":\"预防效果可能取决于患者人群与阿司匹林剂量；不同试验显示高剂量与低剂量的结局并不一致。\"}]","Vaccination-Based Immunoprevention of Colorectal Tumors - A Primer for the Clinician | PDF",1790231566,18]