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The exam includes Cell Biology items covering integrin binding in extracellular matrix, motor proteins in a contractile ring during cytokinesis, and acid-base equilibrium using pKa and pH. It also tests oxidative phosphorylation redox/phosphorylation components, historical DNA discovery matching, mitochondrial electron transport chain statements, and transmembrane alpha-helix amino-acid sequence selection. Plant Anatomy and Physiology questions address ethylene receptor and genetic mutant responses and growth outcomes under hormone treatments, plus a genetic regulation scenario involving tb1 and corn branching.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/usabo-18-open-exam-cell-biology/447298/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/usabo-18-open-exam-cell-biology/447298.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Damian","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-16","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Which integrin binding requirement is tested in vitro for question 1?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The question asks for the option describing the firm attachment integrins would most likely require when testing binding partners in the extracellular matrix in vitro.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"In question 2, which motor protein should be localized to the contractile ring during cytokinesis?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The question asks for the molecular motor protein that should be looked for in the contractile ring of a newly discovered marine worm.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How is the acid’s protonated-to-deprotonated ratio determined in question 3?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The question uses the given pKa and an environment pH of 6.8 to choose which ratio is closest among the provided answer choices.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},447298,1790818210,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":19,"category_name":20,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":56,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},137451208677,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","USABO Open Exam  \nFebruary 6 to 16, 2018  \n20% Cell Biology 10 questions (0 needed)  \nQuestions 1 and 2. Please use the following options to answer the following three questions. Each choice may be used once, more than once, or not at all.  \nA. Actin.  \nB. Myosin.  \nC. Dynein.  \nD. Kinesin.  \nE. Cyclin.  \n1. In the extracellular matrix of an animal cell, you would like to test the binding partner of integrins in vitro. Integrins would most likely require firm attachment to which of the above option? A  \n2. You are working with Dr. Lee at University of Wisconsin-Madison to investigate cytokinesis in a newly discovered marine worm. You generated antibodies to conserved proteins involved in cell division in other organism to look for proteins that localize to important structures during cell division. What molecular motor protein should you look for in the contractile ring? B  \n3. An unnamed acid has a pKa value of 4.76. Which of the following is closest to the ratio of the concentration of its protonated to deprotonated forms in a pH environment of 6.8?  \nA. 100 : 1.  \nB. 10 : 1.  \nC. 1 : 1.  \nD. 1 : 10.  \nE. 1 : 100.  \n4. Select the answer choice that correctly describes which chemical species are oxidized, reduced, and phosphorylated in the process of oxidative phosphorylation.  \n\n| Choice | Oxidized | Reduced | Phosphorylated |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| A | 􀜪2 􀜱 􀝋􀝊􀝈􀝕 | 􀜰􀜣􀜦 + 􀜽􀝊􀝀 􀜨􀜣􀜦 | 􀜣􀜦􀜲 |\n| \u003Cbr>B | 􀜰􀜣􀜦􀜪 􀜽􀝊􀝀 􀜨􀜣􀜦􀜪2 | 􀜱 2 | 􀜣􀜦􀜲 |\n| C | 􀜰􀜣􀜦􀜪􀜽􀝊􀝀 􀜨􀜣􀜦􀜪2 | 􀜥􀜱2 | 􀜣􀜶􀜲 |\n| D | 􀜪2 􀜱 􀝋􀝊􀝈􀝕 | 􀜰􀜣􀜦 + 􀝋􀝊􀝈􀝕 | 􀜣􀜦􀜲 |\n| E | 􀜰􀜣􀜦􀜲􀜪 􀝋􀝊􀝈􀝕 | 􀜨􀜣􀜦 􀝋􀝊􀝈􀝕 | 􀜣􀜶􀜲 |\n\n5. Which scientist(s) is incorrectly matched with his/her/their discoveries?  \nA. Frederick Griffith – discovery of transformation through bacteriophages.  \nB. Hershey and Chase – discovery of DNA as the hereditary material of cells.  \nC. Chargaff– discovery that relative amounts of nucleotide bases varies among organisms.  \nD. Watson and Crick – discovery of the double-helix structure of DNA.  \nE. Meselson and Stahl – discovery of the semi-conservative replication of DNA.  \n6. You discover a transmembrane protein ALPHA that, like most transmembrane proteins, exhibits atransmembrane domain composed of alpha helices. You next discover that ALPHA serves as a channel. What is a likely amino acid sequence for some portion of the transmembrane domain? (See chart below for one-letter abbreviations) .  \nA. ALQQMMDSILDY.  \nB. ALILALMWWLLF.  \nC. FPPALGGLPFAMG.  \nD. LMQKPMDSLPDY.  \nE. LKMELAKMILLA.  \n\n| Abbreviation | 1 letter abbreviation | Amino acid name |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Ala | A | Alanine |\n| Arg | R | Arginine |\n| Asn | N | Asparagine |\n| Asp | D | Aspartic acid |\n| Cys | C | Cysteine |\n| Gln | Q | Glutamine |\n| Glu | E | Glutamic acid |\n| Gly | G | Glycine |\n| His | H | Histidine |\n| Ile | I | Isoleucine |\n| Leu | L | Leucine |\n| Lys | K | Lysine |\n| Met | M | Methionine |\n| Phe | F | Phenylalanine |\n| Pro | P | Proline |\n| Pyl | O | Pyrrolysine |\n| Ser | S | Serine |\n| Sec | U | Selenocysteine |\n| Thr | T | Threonine |\n| Trp | W | Tryptophan |\n| Tyr | Y | Tyrosine |\n| Val | V | Valine |\n\nQuestions 7 to 10 . Indicate if each of the following statements is TRUE or FALSE about the electron transport chain in cellular respiration. Use “A” for True and “B” for False.  \n7. Ubiquinone proteins have a heme group to facilitate electron transport. B  \n8. FADH2 adds its electrons to complex III while NADH adds its electrons in complex I. B  \n9. Cytochrome a is more electronegative than cytochrome b. A  \n10. Cytochrome c is more electronegative than cytochrome b. A  \n15% Plant Anatomy and Physiology 8 questions (0 needed)  \n11. Observe the seedlings growing below which have a loss of function mutation in the ethylene receptor.  \nSource: University ofQueensland, Australia.  \nWhich of the following statement (s) is (are) TRUE regarding this mutant’s growth response NOT being related to a triple response? Select one response A, B, C, D, or E.  \nI. This mutant will not respond to the exposure of ethylene u","cbCaitIR5niaQuVZ","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaitIR5niaQuVZ","pdf",476428,"English","# Cell Biology\n## Questions 1-10\n# Plant Anatomy and Physiology\n## Questions 11-13","[{\"question\":\"Which integrin binding requirement is tested in vitro for question 1?\",\"answer\":\"The question asks for the option describing the firm attachment integrins would most likely require when testing binding partners in the extracellular matrix in vitro.\"},{\"question\":\"In question 2, which motor protein should be localized to the contractile ring during cytokinesis?\",\"answer\":\"The question asks for the molecular motor protein that should be looked for in the contractile ring of a newly discovered marine worm.\"},{\"question\":\"How is the acid’s protonated-to-deprotonated ratio determined in question 3?\",\"answer\":\"The question uses the given pKa and an environment pH of 6.8 to choose which ratio is closest among the provided answer choices.\"}]","USABO 18 Open Exam - Cell Biology | PDF",1790719699,48]