[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-371633-105":59,"doc-detail-371633-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","urinary-metabolites-as-biomarkers-of-early-radiation-cystitis-in-patients-with-prostate-cancer-undergoing-radiotherapy","Urinary Metabolites as Biomarkers of Early Radiation Cystitis in Patients With Prostate Cancer Undergoing Radiotherapy","","Treatment-related bladder toxicities are a key concern during radiotherapy for prostate cancer. This study aimed to identify urinary metabolites that predict early radiation cystitis-related toxicities. Clinical characteristics and urine samples were collected before, two weeks after, at the end, and three months after radiotherapy initiation. Capillary electrophoresis–mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry quantified metabolites, and multivariate analysis assessed protective factors. Betaine, tartrate, N,N-dimethylglycine, homocarnosine, and comorbid diabetes mellitus were protective, supporting urinary metabolomic profiling for repeatable follow-up.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/urinary-metabolites-as-biomarkers-of-early-radiation-cystitis-in-patients-with-prostate-cancer-undergoing-radiotherapy/371633/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/urinary-metabolites-as-biomarkers-of-early-radiation-cystitis-in-patients-with-prostate-cancer-undergoing-radiotherapy/371633.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Putri","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-03","2026-09-23",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What was the study’s main goal regarding radiation cystitis in prostate cancer patients?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To identify urinary metabolites that can predict early radiation cystitis-related toxicities in patients undergoing radiotherapy.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were urinary metabolites measured in this study?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Urine metabolites were comprehensively quantified using capillary electrophoresis–mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which urinary metabolites were identified as protective factors against early radiation cystitis toxicities?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Betaine, tartrate, N,N-dimethylglycine, and homocarnosine were identified as independent protective factors, and comorbid diabetes mellitus was also protective.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},371633,1790662574,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":52,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":52,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},962085571259,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","doi: 10.21873/invivo.14004  \nUrinary Metabolites as Biomarkers of Early Radiation Cystitis in Patients With Prostate Cancer Undergoing Radiotherapy  \nSACHIKA SHIRAISHI1,2, MASAHIRO SUGIMOTO3,4 and KOICHI TOKUUYE1,2  \n1 Department of Radiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan;  \n2 Department of Radiation Oncology, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan;  \n3 Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan; 4 Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Yamagata, Japan  \nAbstract  \nBackground/Aim: Treatment‑related bladder toxicities are a primary concern in the management of prostate cancer radiotherapy. This study aimed to identify urinary metabolites that can predict early radiation cystitis‑related toxicities in patients undergoing radiotherapy for prostate cancer.  \nPatients and Methods: Patients’ clinical characteristics and urine samples were collected before, two weeks after, atthe end, and three months after the initiation of radiotherapy and subsequently analyzed. Capillary electrophoresis‑ mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography‑mass spectrometry were used for comprehensive quantification of urinary metabolites. Multivariate analysis was conducted to identify potential protective factors against the early toxicities of radiation cystitis.  \nResults: A total of 176 samples were obtained from 44 patients. Betaine, tartrate, N, N‑dimethylglycine, and homocarnosine were identified as independent protective factors against early toxicities of radiation cystitis among various potential confounding metabolic factors. Comorbid diabetes mellitus was also identified as a protective factor. Conclusion: Betaine, tartrate, N, N‑dimethylglycine, and homocarnosine were identified as protective urinary metabolites against early radiation cystitis. Urinary metabolomic profiling may be a useful tool for investigating disease metabolism in metabolic disorders and cancers. Its ease of use and repeatability make it an optimal method for patient follow‑up.  \nKeywords: Prostate cancer, cystitis, metabolomics, urine, capillary electrophoresis‑mass spectrometry.  \n✉  \nSachika Shiraishi (ORCID: 0009‑0004‑5249‑3705), Department of Radiology, Tokyo Medical University, 6‑7‑1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku‑ku, Tokyo 160‑0023, Japan. Tel: +81 333426111, e‑mail: s‑nogi@tokyo‑[med.ac.jp](med.ac.jp)  \nReceived March 21, 2025 | Revised April 3, 2025 | Accepted April 4, 2025  \nThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.  \n©2025 The Author(s) . Anticancer Research is published by the International Institute of Anticancer Research.  \nTable I. Patient characteristics.  \n\n| Median age (years)\u003Cbr>Tumor T‑stage T1‑T2a\u003Cbr>T2b‑T2c T3\u003Cbr>PSA \u003C10 10‑20 >20\u003Cbr>Gleason’s score ≤6\u003Cbr>7\u003Cbr>≥8\u003Cbr>Smoking +/–\u003Cbr>Alcohol intake +/–\u003Cbr>Diabetes mellitus +/–\u003Cbr>Hypertension +/–\u003Cbr>Urological surgery +/–\u003Cbr>Anticoagulant intake +/–\u003Cbr>Radiotherapy 3DCRTIMRT | 76 (59‑84)\u003Cbr>16\u003Cbr>15\u003Cbr>11\u003Cbr>15\u003Cbr>16\u003Cbr>13\u003Cbr>2\u003Cbr>16\u003Cbr>26\u003Cbr>17/25\u003Cbr>24/17\u003Cbr>7/37\u003Cbr>18/26\u003Cbr>7/37\u003Cbr>14/30\u003Cbr>6\u003Cbr>38 |\n| --- | --- |\n\nPSA: Prostate‑specific antigen; 3DCRT: three‑dimensional conformal radiotherapy; IMRT: intensity‑modulated radiation therapy.  \nIntroduction  \nProstate cancer is the most prevalent cancer among men in Japan, and its incidence continues to increase (1) . Prostate‑specific antigen (PSA) testing contributes to early detection of prostate cancer, allowing patients to be treated at an appropriate stage (2). Surgery and radiation therapy yield comparable survival rates for localized prostate cancer, and long‑term treatment‑related toxicities are acceptable for both (3‑5).  \nRegarding treatment‑related toxicities, the side effect profiles differ between the two groups. Surgery is closely associated with urinary and sexual dysfunction owing to surgical procedures, whereas radiotherapy is","cbCaidwsb4HgtVfU","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaidwsb4HgtVfU","pdf",3053900,"English","# Abstract\n## Background/Aim\n## Patients and Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusion\n# Introduction\n## Background on prostate cancer and treatment-related toxicities\n## Rationale for urinary metabolite biomarkers\n# Patients and Methods\n## Ethical considerations\n## Patient eligibility criteria","[{\"question\":\"What was the study’s main goal regarding radiation cystitis in prostate cancer patients?\",\"answer\":\"To identify urinary metabolites that can predict early radiation cystitis-related toxicities in patients undergoing radiotherapy.\"},{\"question\":\"How were urinary metabolites measured in this study?\",\"answer\":\"Urine metabolites were comprehensively quantified using capillary electrophoresis–mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry.\"},{\"question\":\"Which urinary metabolites were identified as protective factors against early radiation cystitis toxicities?\",\"answer\":\"Betaine, tartrate, N,N-dimethylglycine, and homocarnosine were identified as independent protective factors, and comorbid diabetes mellitus was also protective.\"}]","Urinary Metabolites as Biomarkers of Early Radiation Cystitis in Patients With Prostate Cancer Undergoing Radiotherapy | PDF",1790192494,25]