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Papiu Ilarian” National College, Tg. Mureș; „Babeș-Bolyai” University, Cluj-Napoca,Faculty of Psichology and Educational Sciences, ROMANIA  \n[andreea.contiu@ubbcluj. ro](andreea.contiu@ubbcluj. ro)  \nORCID ID: [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5228-287X](https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5228-287X)  \n[DOI:](DOI: 10.23741/RRGE20241)[ 10.23741/RRGE20241](DOI: 10.23741/RRGE20241)  \nABSTRACT  \nThis study highlights the effectiveness of the observation sheet in directly analyzing urban facilities, identifying gaps, and assessing students' knowledge about urban space (the medieval city of Târgu Mureș and its surroundings), as well as the effects of direct observation on the elements identified by students within the urban space. The study involved 79 students aged 16-17, from both genders, across three 10th-grade classes from the \"Al. Papiu Ilarian\" National College in TârguMureș. To achieve the research objectives, the students participated in a project-based learning activity. The study's results show that field applications and the observation sheet served as an effective tool for identifying gaps and assessing students' knowledge about urban space.  \nKeywords: observation sheet, field applications, city plan, urban planning, space management  \n\n| Cite this article as: Conțiu, H., & Conțiu, A. (2024) . Urban Space Observation Geographical Education, XIII(1-2), 5-21 . DOI: [http://doi.org/10.23741/RRGE20241](http://doi.org/10.23741/RRGE20241) | by | Students. Romanian | Review | of |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n\nINTRODUCTION  \nThis study presents the second phase of the project “Representing the plan and model of the Ideal city based on a given reality (the Medieval Fortress of Târgu Mureș and its surroundings)”, carried out by students from the “Al. Papiu Ilarian” National College in Târgu-Mureș under the guidance of the study’s authors. The first phase was presented by the authors in a previous study (Conțiu & Conțiu, 2023) . In the educational activity conducted during this phase, students directly observe a specific part of the city in which they live, listen to the teacher's presentations and explanations, and then make observations in teams using observation sheets. Overall, students are engaged in a cooperative learning activity based on the project method.  \nIn Romanian literature, the project method is described as a complementary evaluation method (Blândul, 2004), as a complex evaluation method (Dulamă & Roșcovan, 2007; Dulamă et al., 2008), and as a method of learning through practical action (Cerghit, 2006) . The project is categorized within investigation-based methodologies and is also described as a form of learning by doing, an interactive method, and a tool for complex evaluation (Dulamă, 2002, 2008c) . Regarding cooperative  \nHadrian-Vasile CONȚIU, Andreea CONȚIU Urban Space Observation by Students  \n6  \nlearning, studies highlight its role as a method for developing active engagement (Bocoș, 2013), changing attitudes, behaviors, and mindsets (Alexandrache & Caciuc, 2013), and fostering critical thinking (Magdaș & Pop, 2015) .  \nThis research was initiated based on students' difficulties in identifying the components and functions of urban space, as well as the relationships between them, recognizing urban facilities (educational, cultural, religious, healthcare, commercial, tourist and leisure, special etc. ) and other significant elements in reality (the Medieval Fortress of Târgu Mureș and its surroundings), and analyzing them systematically and rigorously. Based on these findings, t","cbCaippQlEmCwzxw","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaippQlEmCwzxw","pdf",1189792,17,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Project method and cooperative learning\n## Rationale for the research\n## Observation as an educational and scientific method\n## Development of students' observation skills","[{\"question\":\"What is the main purpose of using an observation sheet in this study?\",\"answer\":\"To analyze urban facilities directly, identify gaps, and assess students' knowledge about urban space, including how direct observation influences what students recognize.\"},{\"question\":\"Who participated and how was the learning activity organized?\",\"answer\":\"Seventy-nine students aged 16–17 (both genders) from three 10th-grade classes used observation sheets during a project-based learning activity.\"},{\"question\":\"What teaching and research roles does observation play according to the introduction?\",\"answer\":\"Observation is described as an educational method that enables attentive, systematic perception, and as a scientific research method for collecting, selecting, and interpreting information based on study objectives.\"}]","Urban Space Observation by Students - Volume XIII - No. 1-2 - Abstract and Introduction | PDF",43]