[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-167341-en":3,"doc-seo-167341-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":89},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":27,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},167341,962075114765,"Quinn","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd",4,"Exam","UPSC CSE Sociology Paper 2 - 2026 Mains Examination","UPSC CSE Sociology Paper 2 (2026 Mains Examination) Section A and Section B provide a set of essay and short-answer questions for assessing sociological perspectives on Indian society. Topics include structural and functional analysis of village society, social reform, women’s movements and laws, religion and secularism, and approaches such as Indological studies, Indian nationalism, and colonial mode of production. Additional prompts cover micro–macro village challenges, middle class emergence, land reforms, education and constitutional roles, population dynamics, caste perspectives, social movements and urbanization, and colonial transformation.","UPSC CSE Sociology Paper 2 of 2026 Mains Examination  \nSECTION A  \n• Q1 . Answer the following questions in about 150 words each: (10 ×5=50)  \n• (a) In what respect is M. N. Srinivas’ study of Indian village society based on structural and functional perspective? Analyse. (10)  \n• (b) According to you, which social reform had long-lasting impact on aspecific section of society? Support your answer with suitable example. (10)  \n• (c) In the context of women’s movements and laws do you think that matriarchy is the need of the hour? Discuss in detail. (10)  \n• (d) Discuss the debates on the concepts‘duty’and‘worship’while understanding religion in India. (10)  \n• (e) How does the concept‘secular’go beyond any religion in plural society like India? Analyse. (10)  \n• Q2 .  \n• (a) Indological approach, advocated by G. S. Ghurye, focuses on the study of Indian society through Indian texts. How can Indological approach be useful in the study of other society? Comment in detail. (20)  \n• (b) Examine how Indian Nationalism was a result of‘Akhand Bharat’ / Indian Subcontinent’s socio-cultural and political consciousness. (20)  \n• (c) How does A. R. Desai argue that Indian social classes must be studied through the colonial mode of production? Elucidate. (10)  \n• Q3 .  \n• (a) Examine the challenges of applying micro-level village studies to macrolevel village structure of Indian society. (20)  \n• (b) Explain the emergence of middle class in agrarian society in India. What have been the socio-structural implications of the emergence of this middle class? (20)  \n• (c) When land reform was a paradigm shift, then what type of land reforms would you recommend to make India a more equitable society? (10)  \n• Q4 .  \n• (a) How does the Constitution of India promote education? Do you think that education can be a major instrument of social change? Clarify. (20)  \n• (b) Draw the current population pyramid of India. What policy measures would you recommend for population dynamics to achieve sustainability?(20)  \n• (c) Compare G. S. Ghurye’s and A. R. Desai’s approaches used in understanding Indian society. (10)  \nSECTION B  \n• Q5 . Answer the following questions in about 150 words each: (10 ×5=50)  \n• (a) Discuss the challenges faced by the aged people in receiving‘elder care’.(10)  \n• (b) Examine the transiting social movements from physical movements to virtual movements in 21st century India. (10)  \n• (c) Clarify how the family planning programmes have taken a political ‘U’-turn in present India. (10)  \n• (d) How do Louis Dumont and André Beteille differ in their approaches in understanding caste system in India? Explain. (10)  \n• (e) Bring out the debates of ‘insiders’ and‘outsiders’ approaches in understanding Indian society. (10)  \n• Q6 .  \n• (a) Differentiate between protests and movements. Discuss some of those movements which changed the fabric of Indian agrarian society during the colonial period. (20)  \n• (b) Synchronise the developmental programmes and social change in India, and describe them through visible and lived experiences. (20)  \n• (c) Why was the category of‘criminal tribe’created by law during the colonial period in India? Discuss its implications. (10)  \n• Q7 .  \n• (a) Urbanisation in Independent India has been characterized by overurbanization and rural push. Explain with demographic and sociological dimensions. (20)  \n• (b) Give a sociological explanation of violence against women in India. What suggestions would you give to mitigate these violences? (20)  \n• (c) Examine the process of formalisation of informal sector to safeguard the interests of marginalised sections of the society. (10)  \n• Q8 .  \n• (a) How has colonial rule transformed Indian society? If it (Indian society) had not undergone colonial rule, then what type of Indian society would have been there? Elaborate. (20)  \n• (b) How have the women’s movements made the presence of women in every moment felt and more women participation in various fields? Discuss.(20)","cbCaiiXvRRPIUKps","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiiXvRRPIUKps","pdf",40105,1,3,"English","en",105,"# Section A\n## Q1\n## Q2\n## Q3\n## Q4\n# Section B\n## Q5\n## Q6\n## Q7\n## Q8","[{\"question\":\"What kinds of questions are included in UPSC CSE Sociology Paper 2 for 2026 Mains?\",\"answer\":\"The paper includes essay-style questions and detailed short answers, typically asking for analysis, comparisons, and recommendations across sociological themes.\"},{\"question\":\"Which sociological topics are emphasized in Section A?\",\"answer\":\"Section A focuses on village society perspectives, social reform, women’s movements and law, religion and secularism, Indological and other approaches, nationalism, class formation, and land reforms.\"},{\"question\":\"What subjects are covered in Section B?\",\"answer\":\"Section B addresses aged people and elder care, social movements from physical to virtual forms, family planning policy changes, caste approaches by Dumont and Beteille, protests versus movements, urbanization, violence against women, and effects of colonial rule.\"}]","UPSC CSE Sociology Paper 2 - 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