[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-368866-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-368866-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","unveiling-the-paradoxical-nature-of-autophagy-in-cancer-cell-fate","Unveiling the Paradoxical Nature of Autophagy in Cancer Cell Fate","","Autophagy is a conserved catabolic process that preserves cellular homeostasis by sequestering and degrading dysfunctional cytosolic components through lysosomes. It supplies nutrients during starvation and can influence cancer cells in opposing ways across disease stages. In early tumor regression, autophagy contributes to damaged-content clearance, while in established tumor microenvironments it helps cells resist stress, immune attack, and therapy. Autophagy-driven therapeutic resistance can therefore reduce anticancer efficacy.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/unveiling-the-paradoxical-nature-of-autophagy-in-cancer-cell-fate/368866/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/unveiling-the-paradoxical-nature-of-autophagy-in-cancer-cell-fate/368866.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Ben ","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-23",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",5,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What is autophagy and why is it important for cellular homeostasis?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"Autophagy is a conserved catabolic process that maintains cellular homeostasis by sequestering dysfunctional cytosolic contents and degrading them via lysosomal degradation.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How does autophagy influence cancer cells differently at various stages?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Autophagy can suppress tumors in early stages by participating in tumor regression, but it can protect mature tumor cells by helping them cope with stress, immune evasion, and therapeutic resistance.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"Why might targeting autophagy matter for improving cancer therapy?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Autophagy regulators can mediate therapeutic resistance, making anticancer treatments less effective. The review emphasizes biomarker-based approaches and targeting strategies intended to improve treatment precision while minimizing harm to normal cells.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},368866,1790524190,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,100,105,109,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":97,"show_sort_weight":98,"slug":99},"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":101,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":107,"slug":108},7,40,"healthcare",{"id":110,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":111,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":55,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":106,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":112,"language":139,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},2336478951081,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Unveiling the Paradoxical Nature of Autophagy in Cancer Cell Fate  \nJannatul Shifa, BSc 1, Tasbir Amin, BSc 1 􀀁, Md. Fakruddin, PhD 1, Kazi Rahman, PhD 1, and S. M. Bakhtiar Ul Islam, PhD 1 􀀁  \nCancer Control Volume 32: 1-30 © The Author(s) 2025 Article reuse guidelines:  \n[sagepub.com/journals-permissions](sagepub.com/journals-permissions)[ ](sagepub.com/journals-permissions)[DOI: 10.1177/10732748251384365](DOI: 10.1177/10732748251384365)  \n[journals.sagepub.com/home/ccx](journals.sagepub.com/home/ccx)  \nAbstract  \nAutophagy is an ancient conserved and catabolic process required to maintain cellular homeostasis through sequestration and lysosomal degradation of cytosolic dysfunctional contents. The bulk degradation of cytosolic material through autophagy provides the necessary nutrients that cells utilize under starvation. Autophagy can play a mixed role in both the growth and survival of cancer cells. As a damaged cellular content-clearing mechanism, autophagy is involved in the early stage of tumor regression. Subsequently, in a mature tumor cell microenvironment, autophagy protects tumor cells from cellular stress, immune evasion, and therapeutic resistance. Therapeutic resistance mediated by autophagic regulators can make anticancer therapy less effective. This review discusses the molecular mechanism of mammalian autophagy, evaluates the dynamic role of autophagy in cancer, highlights autophagy-mediated therapeutic resistance, and suggests the use of biomarkers. In cancer therapy, the addition of biomarkers can provide specific identification, and the conjugation of biomarkers with chemo-drugs can reduce the side effects and ensure normal cell integrity.  \nPlain Language Summary  \nPlain Language Summary: This review explores the complex role of autophagy (a natural cellular recycling process) in cancer development and treatment resistance. While autophagy can suppress tumors in early stages by removing damaged components, it can also help mature tumors survive stress and evade therapy. The study details the molecular pathways of autophagy, highlights how it contributes to drug resistance, and proposes biomarker-based solutions to improve treatment precision. It underscores the need for new therapeutic strategies that target autophagy without harming normal cells, offering hope for more effective and less toxic cancer therapies.  \nKeywords  \nmammalian autophagy, ATGs, therapeutics resistance, dichotomous role, autophagic biomarkers Received: May 26, 2025; revised: August 22, 2025; accepted: September 15, 2025.  \nIntroduction  \nCancer is a complex disease that has the second-highest global prevalence.1 According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), an estimated 20 million new cancer diagnoses were reported in 2020, along with 9 .7 million deaths worldwide.2 The report also states that 1 in 6 individuals develop cancer in their lifetime.3 This number is predicted to reach 35 million by 2050.2 Due to uncontrolled cell growth and division, a mass or  \n1 Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh  \nCorresponding Author:  \nS. M. Bakhtiar Ul Islam, PhD, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, North South University, SAC822, Plot 15, Block B, Bashundhara, Dhaka 1219, Bangladesh.  \nEmail: [bakhtiar.islam@northsouth.edu](bakhtiar.islam@northsouth.edu)  \nCreative Commons Non Commercial CC BY-NC: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons  \nAttribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License ([https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)) which permits non-commercial use,  \nreproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages ([https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage](https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage)).  \ntumor is formed-character","cbCaiiXSSrTbdkQH","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiiXSSrTbdkQH","pdf",1874147,"English","# Abstract\n# Plain Language Summary\n# Keywords\n# Introduction\n# Autophagy Types and Functions\n## Macroautophagy\n## Microautophagy\n## Chaperone-mediated autophagy","[{\"question\":\"What is autophagy and why is it important for cellular homeostasis?\",\"answer\":\"Autophagy is a conserved catabolic process that maintains cellular homeostasis by sequestering dysfunctional cytosolic contents and degrading them via lysosomal degradation.\"},{\"question\":\"How does autophagy influence cancer cells differently at various stages?\",\"answer\":\"Autophagy can suppress tumors in early stages by participating in tumor regression, but it can protect mature tumor cells by helping them cope with stress, immune evasion, and therapeutic resistance.\"},{\"question\":\"Why might targeting autophagy matter for improving cancer therapy?\",\"answer\":\"Autophagy regulators can mediate therapeutic resistance, making anticancer treatments less effective. The review emphasizes biomarker-based approaches and targeting strategies intended to improve treatment precision while minimizing harm to normal cells.\"}]","Unveiling the Paradoxical Nature of Autophagy in Cancer Cell Fate | PDF",1790178988,76]