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It is defined by complete cartilaginous ‘O’-shaped tracheal rings that replace the normal posterior membranous portion. A monocentric case series evaluates management strategies and surgical and functional outcomes in 21 operated patients, analyzing respiratory, swallowing, and vocal function, and correlations with prior non-airway surgery, stenosis extent, and postoperative complications.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/unravelling-the-complexity-of-congenital-tracheal-stenosis-with-o-rings/456048/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/unravelling-the-complexity-of-congenital-tracheal-stenosis-with-o-rings/456048.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Đào","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-08","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",12,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What defines congenital tracheal stenosis in this study?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"It is characterised by complete cartilaginous ‘O’-shaped tracheal rings replacing the normal posterior membranous portion, producing tracheal narrowing with variable symptoms.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How many patients were included, and what surgeries were performed?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"The case series included 21 patients undergoing surgery for CTS; 19 received slide tracheoplasty and 2 underwent tracheal resection with primary anastomosis.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What postoperative functional outcomes improved?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Postoperative improvements were observed in respiratory, swallowing, and vocal functions; respiratory scores improved significantly, while voice-score improvements did not reach statistical significance and swallowing scores were unchanged pre- versus postoperatively.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},456048,1790883978,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":44,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},1374402968488,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery 2026, 68(1), ezaf478 ORIGINAL ARTICLE  \n[https://doi.org/10.1093/ejcts/ezaf478](https://doi.org/10.1093/ejcts/ezaf478) Advance Access publication 19 December 2025  \nCite this article as: Arsie AE, Lamassiaude M, Nocini R, Sandu K. Unravelling the Complexity of Congenital Tracheal Stenosis with ‘O’ Rings. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2026; doi:10.1093/ejcts/ezaf478.  \nUnravelling the Complexity of Congenital Tracheal Stenosis with  \n‘O’ Rings  \nAthena Eliana Arsie1; Marie Lamassiaude2; Riccardo Nocini1; Kishore Sandu􀀃 ,2  \n1 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy 2 Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital—CHUV, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland  \n􀀃 Corresponding author. Department of Otolaryngology & Head-Neck Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, CHUV, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland (kishore.sandu@chuv.ch) Received: July 31, 2025; Revised: November 4, 2025; Accepted: December 10, 2025  \nGraphical abstract  \nCONGENITAL  \nAbstract  \nObjectives: Congenital tracheal stenosis (CTS) in paediatric patients is a rare condition, accounting for only 0.3% to 1% of all laryngotracheal stenoses. It is characterised by complete cartilaginous ‘O’-shaped tracheal rings replacing the normal posterior membranous portion. This monocentric case series analyses management strategies and assesses surgical and functional outcomes.  \nMethods: Twenty-one patients (12 males, 9 females) underwent surgery for CTS. Nineteen patients received slide tracheoplasty, while two underwent tracheal resection with primary anastomosis. Pre-and postoperative assessments focused on respiratory, swallowing, and vocal functions. The study also examined correlations between prior non-airway surgeries, extent of stenosis, and postoperative complications.  \nResults: All patients demonstrated postoperative improvement in respiratory, swallowing, and vocal functions. Wilcoxon signed-rank testing revealed a statistically significant improvement in respiratory scores, whereas improvements in voice scores did not reach statistical significance. Swallowing scores showed no variation pre-and postoperatively and were thus excluded from this analysis. A signifi  \ncant positive correlation was observed between cardiopulmonary bypass duration and postoperative intubation time (Pearson’s © The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery.  \nThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ([https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.  \n2 European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, 2026, Volume 68, Issue 1  \nr ¼ 0. 585, 95% CI 0.205-0.812, P ¼ .007). In contrast, correlations between ICU length of stay and complication severity (Spearman’s ρ ¼ 0.316, 95% CI −0.113 to 0.787, P ¼ .175) as well as between patient age at surgery and complication severity were not statistically significant. Additionally, linear associations were identified between prior non-airway surgeries and increased complication rates and between bypass time, hospital stay duration, and complication severity.  \nConclusions: Slide tracheoplasty remains the preferred technique for long-segment CTS, offering structural and functional restoration. Short-segment disease can be effectively managed with segmental resection and anastomosis. Prognosis could be influenced by stenosis length, associated comorbidities, and prior interventions, but larger studies would be needed to achieve adequate statistical power. Careful preoperative evaluation, tailored surgical planning, and attentive postoperative care are vital for optimal outcomes. Surgical intervention may be warranted even in select mildly symptomatic patients to prevent pro","cbCaimpn5yptY8ss","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaimpn5yptY8ss","pdf",1115959,"English","# Abstract\n## Objectives\n## Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusions\n# Introduction\n## Classification and definition of CTS\n## Symptoms and comorbidities\n## Diagnosis and surgical options\n## Slide tracheoplasty technique","[{\"question\":\"What defines congenital tracheal stenosis in this study?\",\"answer\":\"It is characterised by complete cartilaginous ‘O’-shaped tracheal rings replacing the normal posterior membranous portion, producing tracheal narrowing with variable symptoms.\"},{\"question\":\"How many patients were included, and what surgeries were performed?\",\"answer\":\"The case series included 21 patients undergoing surgery for CTS; 19 received slide tracheoplasty and 2 underwent tracheal resection with primary anastomosis.\"},{\"question\":\"What postoperative functional outcomes improved?\",\"answer\":\"Postoperative improvements were observed in respiratory, swallowing, and vocal functions; respiratory scores improved significantly, while voice-score improvements did not reach statistical significance and swallowing scores were unchanged pre- versus postoperatively.\"}]","Unravelling the Complexity of Congenital Tracheal Stenosis with ‘O’ Rings | PDF",1790745009,23]