[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-296209-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-296209-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","unlicensed-drivers-thesis","Unlicensed Drivers - Thesis","","Unlicensed driving remains a major road safety concern, weakening the driver licensing system even if it does not directly cause crashes. The thesis investigates the psychosocial characteristics and on-road behaviour of unlicensed drivers through three studies. Study One uses Queensland crash data to quantify higher fatal and serious-injury crash involvement. Study Two surveys 309 offenders about risky practices and offender heterogeneity. 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nature of unlicensed driving behaviour and develop more effective countermeasures.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"What did the crash-data comparison (Study One) show?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Unlicensed drivers were a small but significant problem, with much higher crash involvement and a greater likelihood of fatal or serious injury when crashes occurred.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What factors were found to drive unlicensed driving in Study Three?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Personal and social factors had the strongest influence, including work driving needs, punishment avoidance exposure, attitudes, anticipated punishments, and social learning through differential 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\nBachelor of Arts (Honours), GradDip (SciSoc)  \nA thesis submitted as fulfillment for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Queensland University of Technology Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety – Queensland (CARRS-Q)  \nSchool of Psychology & Counselling Brisbane, Australia.  \ni  \nKey Words  \nUnlicensed, disqualified, suspended, revoked, road safety, driver licensing, deterrence theory, social learning, Akers, theory testing.  \nii  \niii  \nAbstract  \nUnlicensed driving remains a serious problem for road safety, despite ongoing improvements in traffic law enforcement practices and technology. While it does not play a direct causative role in road crashes, unlicensed driving undermines the integrity of the driver licensing system and is associated with a range of high-risk behaviours. This thesis documents three studies that were undertaken to explore the scope and nature of unlicensed driving, in order to develop more effective countermeasures to the behaviour.  \nStudy One utilised official road crash data from the Australian state of Queensland to compare the crash involvement patterns of unlicensed drivers with those of licensed drivers. The results confirmed that unlicensed driving is a relatively small, but significant road safety problem. Unlicensed drivers represent over 6% of the drivers involved in fatal crashes and 5% of those in serious injury crashes. Based on a quasiinduced exposure method, unlicensed drivers were found to be almost three times as likely to be involved in a crash than licensed drivers. In the event of a crash, those involving unlicensed drivers were twice as likely to result in a fatality or serious injury. Consistent with these results, the serious crashes involving unlicensed drivers were more likely to feature risky driving behaviours, such as drink driving, speeding and motorcycle use, than those involving licensed drivers.  \nStudy Two involved a cross-sectional survey of 309 unlicensed driving offenders who were recruited at the Brisbane Central Magistrates Court. The survey involved a face-to-face interview that took approximately 25 minutes to complete and achieved a response rate of 62.4% . A wide range of offenders participated in the study, including: disqualified and suspended drivers; expired licence holders; drivers without a current or appropriate licence; and those who had never been licensed. The results reinforced concerns about the on-road behaviour of unlicensed drivers. Almost one quarter of all the offenders reported driving unlicensed when they thought they might have been over the alcohol limit. Similarly, 25% reported exceeding the speed limit by 10 km/h or more on most or all occasions, while 15% admitted that they didn’t always wear their seat belt. In addition, the results indicated that unlicensed drivers should not be viewed as a homogeneous group. Significant differences were found between the offender types in terms of their socio-demographic characteristics (age, education level, prior criminal convictions); driving history (prior convictions for unlicensed driving and other traffic  \niv  \noffences); whether they were aware of being unlicensed; the degree to which they limited their driving while unlicensed; and their drink driving behaviour. In particular, amore deviant sub-group of offenders was identified, that included the disqualified, not currently licensed and never licensed drivers, who reported higher levels of prior criminal offending, alcohol misuse and self-reported drink driving. The results of Study Two also highlight the shortcomings of existing police enforcement practices. Almost one-third of the sample reported that they continued to drive unlicensed after being detected by the police (up until the time of the court hearing), while many offenders reported experiences of punishment avoidance. For example, over one third of the participants reported bei","cbCaipoMEEK3P5Hg","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaipoMEEK3P5Hg","pdf",1088990,359,"English","# Abstract\n## Study One: Crash data comparison\n## Study Two: Cross-sectional offender survey\n## Study Three: Factors and theoretical assessment","[{\"question\":\"What is the core aim of the thesis on unlicensed driving?\",\"answer\":\"To define the scope and nature of unlicensed driving behaviour and develop more effective countermeasures.\"},{\"question\":\"What did the crash-data comparison (Study One) show?\",\"answer\":\"Unlicensed drivers were a small but significant problem, with much higher crash involvement and a greater likelihood of fatal or serious injury when crashes occurred.\"},{\"question\":\"What factors were found to drive unlicensed driving in Study Three?\",\"answer\":\"Personal and social factors had the strongest influence, including work driving needs, punishment avoidance exposure, attitudes, anticipated punishments, and social learning through differential association.\"}]","Unlicensed Drivers - Thesis | PDF",905]