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NATIONS  \nUNITED NATIONS OFFICE ON DRUGS AND CRIME Vienna  \nUNITED NATIONS CONVENTION AGAINST TRANSNATIONAL ORGANIZED CRIME AND THE PROTOCOLS THERETO  \nUNITED NATIONS New York, 2004  \nForeword  \nWith the signing of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime in Palermo, Italy, in December 2000, the international community demonstrated the political will to answer a global challenge with a global response. If crime crosses borders, so must law enforcement. If the rule of law is undermined not only in one country, but in many, then those who defend it cannot limit themselves to purely national means. If the enemies of progress and human rights seek to exploit the openness and opportunities of globalization for their purposes, then we must exploit those very same factors to defend human rights and defeat the forces of crime, corruption and trafficking in human beings.  \nOne of the starkest contrasts in our world today is the gulf that exists between the civil and the uncivil. By “civil” I mean civilization: the accumulated centuries of learning that form our foundation for progress. By “civil” I also mean tolerance: the pluralism and respect with which we accept and draw strength from the world’s diverse peoples. And finally, I mean civil society: the citizens’ groups, businesses, unions, professors, journalists, political parties and others who have an essential role to play in the running of any society.  \nArrayed against these constructive forces, however, in ever greater numbers and with ever stronger weapons, are the forces of what I call “uncivil society”. They are terrorists, criminals, drug dealers, traffickers in people and others who undo the good works of civil society. They take advantage of the open borders, free markets and technological advances that bring so many benefits to the world’s people. They thrive in countries with weak institutions, and they show no scruple about resorting to intimidation or violence. Their ruthlessness is the very antithesis of all we regard as civil. They are powerful, representing entrenched interests and the clout of a global enterprise worth billions of dollars, but they are not invincible.  \nThe Millennium Declaration adopted by the Heads of State meeting at the United Nations in September 2000 reaffirmed the principles underlying our efforts and should serve to encourage all who struggle for the rule of law. The Declaration states that “men and women have the right to live their lives and raise their children in dignity, free from hunger and from the fear of violence, oppression or injustice”.  \nAt the Millennium Summit, world leaders proclaimed freedom—from fear and from want—as one of the essential values in the twenty-first century. Yet the right to live in dignity, free from fear and want, is still denied to millions  \nof people around the world. It is denied to the child who is working as an indentured labourer in a sweatshop; to the father who must pay a bribe to get medical care for his son or daughter; to the woman who is condemned to a life of forced prostitution.  \nI believe the trafficking of persons, particularly women and children, for forced and exploitative labour, including for sexual exploitation, is one of the most egregious violations of human rights that the United Nations now confronts. It is widespread and growing. It is rooted in social and economic conditions in the countries from which the victims come, facilitated by practices that discriminate against women and driven by cruel indifference to human suffering on the part of those who exploit the services that the victims are forced to provide. The fate of these most vulnerable people in our world is an affront to human dignity and a challenge to every State, every people and every community. I therefore urge the Member States to ratify not only the United Nations Convention against Tr","cbCainrBcyB5kBsM","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCainrBcyB5kBsM","pdf",397702,92,"English","# Foreword\n# Contents\n## General Assembly resolutions and annexes\n## Protocols listed in the contents","[{\"question\":\"What political commitment is highlighted in the Foreword?\",\"answer\":\"The Foreword links the Palermo signing of the Convention in December 2000 to a global response to a global challenge, emphasizing that law enforcement must operate across borders when crime does so.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the document describe “civil” versus “uncivil” forces?\",\"answer\":\"“Civil” refers to civilization, tolerance, and civil society’s institutions and groups, while “uncivil society” refers to terrorists, criminals, drug dealers, and traffickers that exploit open borders, weak institutions, and intimidation or violence.\"},{\"question\":\"Which actions does the Secretary-General urge Member States to take?\",\"answer\":\"The Foreword urges ratification of the Convention and the protocols thereto, especially the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Particularly Women and Children, and to bring them into force urgently.\"}]","UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION AGAINST TRANSNATIONAL ORGANIZED CRIME AND THE PROTOCOLS THERETO - Foreword and Contents | PDF",232]