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It distinguishes civil liberties from civil rights and outlines key First Amendment protections, including religion, speech, and press, supported by landmark Supreme Court cases. The unit also covers religion and speech tests and doctrines, prior restraint and symbolic expression, then extends to the Second Amendment and select constitutional balancing under the Fourth and Eighth Amendments.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/unit-3-civil-liberties-and-civil-rights/311693/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/unit-3-civil-liberties-and-civil-rights/311693.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Mabel","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-21","2026-09-20",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",13,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What is the purpose of the Bill of Rights in protecting civil liberties?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"It limits the power of the government to protect individual freedoms and liberties, guarding people against government abuse.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How does the Lemon Test relate to the Establishment Clause?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"A law violates the Establishment Clause unless it has a legitimate secular purpose, does not advance or inhibit religion, and avoids excessive entanglement with religion.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What does selective incorporation require states to do?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"It applies protections from the Bill of Rights to state law through the due process clause, meaning states cannot pass laws that violate constitutional rights.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},311693,1790421006,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":19,"category_name":20,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":36,"preview_page_count":4},7971474920318,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/74000ee537e6b0ca360?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1788430171632181674","Unit 3: Civil Liberties and Civil Rights (13-18% Exam Weight)  \n3.1 The Bill of Rights  \nImportant Documents  \n● The Bill of Rights  \n○ First 10 amendments to the Constitution  \n○ Limits the power of the government to protect individual freedoms and liberties  \nMain Topics  \n● Civil Liberties  \n○ Freedoms guaranteed by the Bill of Rights  \n○ Protects us against abuse from the government  \n● Civil Rights  \n○ Rights that guarantee freedom of equality for any race, gender, or other demographic group  \n● Individual Rights  \n○ Constitutional rights protected by the law  \n3.2 First Amendment Freedom of Religion  \nImportant Cases  \n● Engel v. Vitale (1962)  \n○ Group of Jewish families sued a NY school district for having a prayer in the morning  \n○ Supreme Court ruled that prayer violated the establishment clause  \n● Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972)  \n○ An Amish family sued Wisconsin for requiring them to pay a fine for not sending their children to school after the eighth grade  \n○ Supreme Court ruled in favor of the family saying that they were protected under the First Amendment free exercise clause  \nMain Topics  \n● First Amendment Freedom of Religion  \n○ Prevents the government from establishing a religion  \n○ Government cannot prevent an individual from practicing their faith/religion  \n● Establishment Clause  \n○ Government cannot support an official religion  \n○ Government cannot force an individual to follow a religion  \n○ Promotes separation of church and state  \n● Free Exercise Clause  \n○ Government cannot interfere w/ an individual’s religion or its practices  \n■ Limitations include polygamy, drug use, etc.  \n● Lemon Test  \n○ A test to determine ifa law violates the establishment clause  \n○ Law violates the establishment clause unless it:  \n■ Has a legitimate secular purpose  \n■ Does not advance or inhibit religion  \n■ Does not have “excessive entanglement” with religion  \n3.3 First Amendment Freedom of Speech  \nImportant Cases  \n● Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District (1969)  \n○ Students were suspended for wearing black armbands in protest of the Vietnam War  \n○ Supreme Court ruled that armbands were a form of symbolic speech  \n■ Protected under the first amendment  \n● Schenck v. United States (1919)  \n○ During WWI, a man was arrested for handing out a flier that urged men to resist the draft and not enlist  \n○ Arrested under the Espionage Act of 1917  \n■ Schenck argued that his arrest violated his freedom of Speech  \n○ Supreme Court ruled against Schenck, stating that speech inciting “clear and present danger” was not protected by the first amendment  \nMain Topics  \n● First Amendment Freedom of Expression  \n○ Freedom to speech and nonverbal symbolic speech  \n● Clear & Present Danger  \n○ Government can only restrict/ punish speech that incites lawless action  \n■ Ie. screaming fire in a movie theatre to cause panic  \n● Symbolic Speech v. Hate Speech  \n○ Symbolic Speech = Nonverbal forms of speech (ie. signs, symbolic protest (burning the American flag)  \n○ Hate Speech = Written or spoken speech that degrades a group based on its characteristics  \n3.3 First Amendment Freedom of Speech (continued)  \nMain Topics (continued)  \n● Obscenity  \n○ Lewd o/ sexual publication that lack literary or artistic merit  \n● Defamation  \n○ Damaging one’s reputation by making false statements  \n● Espionage Act (1917)  \n○ Banned opposition to US operation or supporting US enemies during wartime  \n3.4 First Amendment Freedom of the Press  \nImportant Cases  \n● New York Times Co. v. United States (1971)  \n○ Government attempted to prevent the New York Times from publishing the pentagon papers  \n○ Supreme Court ruled that the New York Times were protected by the First Amendment Freedom of the Press  \nMain Topics  \n● First Amendment Freedom of the Press  \n○ Right to publish/ disperse information or opinions without government censorship  \n● Libel  \n○ Damaging an individual’s reputation by printing false statements  \n● Pentagon Papers  ","cbCaimEWd74KPUpy","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaimEWd74KPUpy","pdf",256603,16,"English","# Unit 3: Civil Liberties and Civil Rights\n## 3.1 The Bill of Rights\n## 3.2 First Amendment Freedom of Religion\n## 3.3 First Amendment Freedom of Speech\n## 3.4 First Amendment Freedom of the Press\n## 3.5 Second Amendment Right to Bear Arms\n## 3.6 Amendments: Balancing Individual Freedom with Public Order and Safety\n## 3.7 Selective Incorporation","[{\"question\":\"What is the purpose of the Bill of Rights in protecting civil liberties?\",\"answer\":\"It limits the power of the government to protect individual freedoms and liberties, guarding people against government abuse.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the Lemon Test relate to the Establishment Clause?\",\"answer\":\"A law violates the Establishment Clause unless it has a legitimate secular purpose, does not advance or inhibit religion, and avoids excessive entanglement with religion.\"},{\"question\":\"What does selective incorporation require states to do?\",\"answer\":\"It applies protections from the Bill of Rights to state law through the due process clause, meaning states cannot pass laws that violate constitutional rights.\"}]","Unit 3 - Civil Liberties and Civil Rights | PDF",1789894655]