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It explains Sophocles’ advances in characterization and the introduction of the third actor. Character summaries detail Oedipus, Jocasta, Teiresias, Creon, and messengers, emphasizing tragic fate, hamartia, prophecy, and the gradual revelation of identity behind Thebes’ plague.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/unit-1-drama-short-notes-sophocles-oedipus-rex/318679/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/unit-1-drama-short-notes-sophocles-oedipus-rex/318679.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Aria","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-20",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Which of Sophocles’ plays are mentioned as surviving, and why are they linked as the Theban Plays?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The notes list seven complete surviving plays and state that Oedipus the King, Antigone, and Oedipus at Colonus are grouped as the Theban Plays because they focus on Thebes during and after King Oedipus’ reign.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What major contribution to Greek drama does the notes attribute to Sophocles?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Sophocles is credited with more complex characterization and psychological depth, and with introducing the third actor (the tritagonist) according to Aristotle.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How is Oedipus’ tragic flaw described, and what leads to his downfall?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"His hamartia is pride, which makes him disbelieve the gods and chase the source of a plague instead of looking inward; his rejection of Teiresias and the Oracle’s prophecy contributes to the tragedy.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},318679,1791489859,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":19,"category_name":20,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":52,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},2336464648322,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/2200025388227c56fec?_k=1778556882303663488","| UNIT 1: DRAMA (SHORT NOTES) |\n| --- |\n| 1. SOPHOCLES – OEDIPUS REX (497 – 406 BC)\u003Cbr>Sophocles (497 – 406 BC) was one of the most prominent ancient Greek tragedians, and his legacy remains significant due to the survival of a portion of his work. Although he is said to have written 123 plays over the course of his life, only seven of them have survived in complete form. These are Ajax, Antigone, The Women of Trachis, Oedipus the King, Electra, Philoctetes, and Oedipus at Colonus.Among these, Oedipus the King (also known as Oedipus Tyrannus or Oedipus Rex) and Antigone are particularly renowned. These plays, along with Oedipus at Colonus, are collectively referred to as the \"Theban Plays\" because they revolve around the fate of the city of Thebes during and after the reign of King Oedipus. However, it is important to note that these plays were not written or performed as a unified trilogy; each belonged to a separate tetralogy, the rest of which are now lost.\u003Cbr>Sophocles is credited with advancing Greek drama by developing more complex characters and psychological depth than his predecessors, such as Aeschylus. This enhancement of characterization allowed for a more intricate exploration of moral and existential themes. Additionally, according to Aristotle, Sophocles introduced the third actor—known as the \"tritagonist\"—to the Greek stage, which allowed for more dynamic and multi-character interactions.Of the seven surviving plays, only two can be securely dated: Philoctetes, written in 409 BC, and Oedipus at Colonus, which was produced posthumously in 401 BC. Despite the loss of many of his works, Sophocles' contributions continue to shape the understanding of classical tragedy and dramatic structure. |\n| CHARACTERS:- |\n\nOEDIPUS  \nOedipus is the king of Thebes, married to Jocasta. He is unaware, at the start of the play, that he has murdered his father and slept with his mother. Soon he learns that it was he that put his kingdom at such terrible risk, and blinds himself using a brooch. He has a 'tell-tale limp', a piercing wound in his ankles, made as a child by the father who exposed him. This echoes his name, which roughly translates as 'swollen-feet' . In line with most tragic 'heroes,' Oedipus has a clear hamartiaor tragic flaw-which precipitates his woeful fate. in this case, it's his pride, which allows him to disbelieve the Gods and hunt the source of a plague instead of looking inside himself. That said, Oedipus' hamartia is not always so clear-since it appears that his prideful sins occurred long before the start of the play. Indeed,  \nOedipus' greatest sin appears to take place when he kills a man at a roadside in a fit of temper, suggesting that no deed goes unpunished. Ultimately, however, Oedipus must pay the price for dismissing Teiresias' judgment and the Oracle's prophecy, as yet another reminder that the Gods are  \nJOCASTA  \nJocasta is the wife and mother of Oedipus and queen of Thebes. Before marrying Oedipus, she was married to Laius. She commits suicide at the end of the play, perhaps in guilt that she left Oedipus to die as a baby, thus precipitating his course towards a tragic end for their whole family  \nTEIRESIAS  \nTeiresias is the blind prophet, led by a small boy, who knows the truth about Oedipus's parentage. Oedipus calls on him to find Laius's killer but becomes furious when Teiresias claims that Oedipus himself is the killer. Teiresias's words, however, prove true ultimately, suggesting that he is a mouthpiece for the Gods and an oracle to be trusted far more than the convictions and hopes of man. Teiresias is often represented as being part-male, part-female in classical literature.  \nCREON  \nCreon is Jocasta's brother, who shares one third of Thebes's riches with Oedipus and Jocasta. He is a devout follower of the oracle of Apollo, and as the play opens, he is returning from the oracle with the news that Laius's killer must be found. He is a loyal friend to Oedipus, and ultimately remains for","cbCairuJzfxmrfZu","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCairuJzfxmrfZu","pdf",822912,106,"English","# UNIT 1: DRAMA (SHORT NOTES)\n## SOPHOCLES - OEDIPUS REX (497 - 406 BC)\n## CHARACTERS","[{\"question\":\"Which of Sophocles’ plays are mentioned as surviving, and why are they linked as the Theban Plays?\",\"answer\":\"The notes list seven complete surviving plays and state that Oedipus the King, Antigone, and Oedipus at Colonus are grouped as the Theban Plays because they focus on Thebes during and after King Oedipus’ reign.\"},{\"question\":\"What major contribution to Greek drama does the notes attribute to Sophocles?\",\"answer\":\"Sophocles is credited with more complex characterization and psychological depth, and with introducing the third actor (the tritagonist) according to Aristotle.\"},{\"question\":\"How is Oedipus’ tragic flaw described, and what leads to his downfall?\",\"answer\":\"His hamartia is pride, which makes him disbelieve the gods and chase the source of a plague instead of looking inward; his rejection of Teiresias and the Oracle’s prophecy contributes to the tragedy.\"}]","UNIT 1 - DRAMA (SHORT NOTES) - SOPHOCLES OEDIPUS REX | PDF",1789940944,267]