[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-31933":3,"doc-seo-31933":27},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"file_id":15,"file_url":16,"file_type":17,"file_size":18,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":19,"is_downloadable":19,"audit_status":19,"page_count":20,"language":21,"language_code":22,"table_of_contents":23,"faqs":24,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":25,"read_time":26},31933,34359740700684,"Finn","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/1f400023980c374ae676?_k=1777273430885731487",8,"Research & Report","Underwater Cultural Heritage and the Disputed South China Sea","Unresolved maritime delimitations in the South China Sea make the protection of underwater cultural heritage dependent on coordinated action among neighbouring states. Cooperation is constrained by suspicions that China invokes underwater heritage to support its interests, reducing willingness to collaborate. The article analyzes underwater heritage’s role in China’s South China Sea claims, arguing it provides little support for territorial or maritime assertions. It also contends that China’s maritime archaeology initiatives are often misunderstood and should be read within broader cultural-heritage policy and nation-building philosophy.","cbCaitZmy3GDvcJw","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaitZmy3GDvcJw","pdf",298627,1,22,"English","en","# Abstract\n# Underwater heritage, UNCLOS, and regional cooperation\n## Politicization of maritime archaeology\n## International legal rules and protection needs","[{\"question\":\"Why is protecting underwater cultural heritage in the South China Sea difficult?\",\"answer\":\"Because maritime delimitations remain unresolved, protection requires coordination among neighbouring states, yet suspicions about actors’ motives reduce willingness to cooperate.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the article argue about underwater heritage’s support for China’s claims?\",\"answer\":\"Underwater heritage provides little support to underpin China’s territorial or maritime claims, and it is not an effective basis for legitimizing those assertions.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the article explain China’s maritime archaeology initiatives?\",\"answer\":\"Rather than being driven entirely by South China Sea claims, China’s approach is presented as a natural outcome of broader cultural-heritage policy and nation-building philosophy.\"}]",1780520428,55,{"code":4,"msg":28,"data":29},"ok",{"site_id":30,"language":22,"slug":31,"title":13,"keywords":32,"description":14,"schema_data":33,"social_meta":84,"head_meta":86,"extra_data":88,"updated_unix":25},105,"underwater-cultural-heritage-and-the-disputed-south-china-sea","",{"@graph":34,"@context":83},[35,52,66],{"@type":36,"itemListElement":37},"BreadcrumbList",[38,42,46,49],{"item":39,"name":40,"@type":41,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":43,"name":44,"@type":41,"position":45},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":47,"name":12,"@type":41,"position":48},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":50,"name":13,"@type":41,"position":51},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/underwater-cultural-heritage-and-the-disputed-south-china-sea/31933/",4,{"url":50,"name":13,"@type":53,"author":54,"headline":13,"publisher":56,"fileFormat":59,"description":14,"dateModified":60,"datePublished":60,"encodingFormat":59,"isAccessibleForFree":61,"interactionStatistic":62},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":55},"Person",{"url":39,"name":57,"@type":58},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-06-03",true,{"@type":63,"interactionType":64,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":65},"ViewAction",{"@type":67,"mainEntity":68},"FAQPage",[69,75,79],{"name":70,"@type":71,"acceptedAnswer":72},"Why is protecting underwater cultural heritage in the South China Sea difficult?","Question",{"text":73,"@type":74},"Because maritime delimitations remain unresolved, protection requires coordination among neighbouring states, yet suspicions about actors’ motives reduce willingness to cooperate.","Answer",{"name":76,"@type":71,"acceptedAnswer":77},"What does the article argue about underwater heritage’s support for China’s claims?",{"text":78,"@type":74},"Underwater heritage provides little support to underpin China’s territorial or maritime claims, and it is not an effective basis for legitimizing those assertions.",{"name":80,"@type":71,"acceptedAnswer":81},"How does the article explain China’s maritime archaeology initiatives?",{"text":82,"@type":74},"Rather than being driven entirely by South China Sea claims, China’s approach is presented as a natural outcome of broader cultural-heritage policy and nation-building philosophy.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":50,"og:type":85,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":57,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":87,"canonical":50},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":30}]