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The participant is a primary science education teacher with 17 years of experience, serving as a school principal for two years. Semi-structured interviews were selected for data collection, and descriptive analysis was applied to identify, clarify, and interpret findings, then examine cause-effect relations to draw conclusions. Results highlight participative leadership, attention to teachers’ motivation and satisfaction, and concern for students’ needs as core elements.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/understanding-effectiveness-in-school-administration-a-discourse-analysis-study/588687/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/understanding-effectiveness-in-school-administration-a-discourse-analysis-study/588687.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Rizky","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-10","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":14},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the main purpose of the study on school effectiveness?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study aims to investigate and interpret the observations, perceptions, and experiences of an effective school principal through a qualitative case study.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Who participated in the research and what is the participant’s background?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The participant was a primary science education teacher with 17 years of experience, who had been a school principal for two years at the time of the study.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How were data collected and analyzed in the study?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Data were collected using a semi-structured interview format. Descriptive analysis was used throughout, identifying and interpreting findings and examining cause-effect relations.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},588687,1792065744,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":14,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":52,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":143,"preview_page_count":4},962085564807,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","UNDERSTANDING EFFECTIVENESS IN SCHOOL  \nADMINISTRATION: A DISCOURSE ANALYSIS  \nHilal Büyükgöze  \nAbstract: The current paper primarily aims to investigate and interpret the observations, perceptions, and experiences of an effective school’s principal through a qualitative approach. The study was designed as a case study. The participant of the study was a primary science education teacher with 17 years of experience in the profession who has been a school principal for two years. As the data collection tool, semi structured interview format -the most preferred way of obtaining data in qualitative research-was chosen. Descriptive analysis of data interpretation was adopted throughout the data analysis process. As it is stated in related literature, in descriptive analysis, the obtained data is identified in a systematic and clear way. Afterwards, these descriptions and identifications are explained and interpreted, and the cause and effect relations are examined, eventually some certain conclusions are made based on the data. The results of the present study showed that participative leadership, seeking subordinates’ motivation and satisfaction, and concerning students’ needs are essentials in school administration. The results were examined and interpreted within the scope of the educational administration literature and administrative and functional features of Turkish education system.  \nKey words: leadership, primary school, efficiency in management, decision-making, democratic leader  \n1. Introduction and Theoretical Background  \nHumankind has always been in educational activities even in primitive ages till today (Tatar, 2006) . For this reason, education is considered as a vehicle to grow up creative, productive and responsible citizens for societies (Baştepe, 2009; Kurul Tural, 2002) . The need for education has created associations between the society and its people inherently which then led them get together and form organizations cooperatively (Çalışkan & Güçlü, 2014) . Regarding this, every organization can only survive by acquiring their objectives. It is obvious that organizations can be established and maintained so long as they are efficient and self-sufficient within themselves and their environment (Arslantaş & Özkan, 2014) .  \nEfficiency is commonly associated with the ability of being efficient of a vehicle, a tool or an activity (Abdurrezzak, 2015) . In organizational terms, efficient organizations process the inputs, transform them into high quality outputs and reintroduce them into the society (Katz & Kahn, 1978) . In other terms, efficieny can be defined as going into action by utilizing all kinds of organizational resources to achieve the organizational goals in the planned way (Alamdar, 2015) .  \nIn this respect, schools are among the most important organizations for people and societies. Schools are deemed to be societal and unique systems in educational context. Accordingly, schools have general and specific educational objectives to enable students gain planned knowledge, skills and behaviors by scientific methods (Çubukçu & Girmen, 2006; Günal, 2014) . As a societal system, schools’ efficiency is also associated with their performance (Helvacı & Aydoğan, 2011; Koçak & Helvacı, 2011), and each school has its unique characteristics (Bursalıoğlu, 2010) . Keeping in mind that schools provide its input from society, educate them and regain them in society. In this respect, schools’ efficiency can be considered and related to the quality of its output (Gökçe & Bağçeli Kahraman, 2010; Kurul Tural, 2002; Yıldırım Duranay, 2005) .  \nLezotte (2009, p. 3, cited as Zufiaurre & Wilkinson, 2014) suggests that effective schools have some peculiar entities, and lists as follows:  \n- instructional leadership,  \n- clear and focused mission,  \n- safe and orderly environment,  \n- climate of high expectations,  \n- frequent monitoring of students progress,  \n- positive home-school relations,  \n- opportunity to learn  \n-","cbCaiqMARsAQKO4s","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiqMARsAQKO4s","pdf",416600,"English","# 1. Introduction and Theoretical Background\n## Efficiency in organizational terms\n## Effective schools: dimensions and key features\n## Objectives of the study\n# 2. Method\n## Participant\n## Procedure\n## Data analysis","[{\"question\":\"What is the main purpose of the study on school effectiveness?\",\"answer\":\"The study aims to investigate and interpret the observations, perceptions, and experiences of an effective school principal through a qualitative case study.\"},{\"question\":\"Who participated in the research and what is the participant’s background?\",\"answer\":\"The participant was a primary science education teacher with 17 years of experience, who had been a school principal for two years at the time of the study.\"},{\"question\":\"How were data collected and analyzed in the study?\",\"answer\":\"Data were collected using a semi-structured interview format. Descriptive analysis was used throughout, identifying and interpreting findings and examining cause-effect relations.\"}]","UNDERSTANDING EFFECTIVENESS IN SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION: A DISCOURSE ANALYSIS - study | PDF",25]