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The study demonstrates a direct effect of underground biofilm formation on sandstone wettability, linking incubation with cyanobacteria Geitlerinema sp. in seawater to altered brine contact angles on water-wet quartz. Oil-wet quartz shows smaller angle changes despite stronger biomass accumulation. Wettability is analyzed via Cassie’s approach on heterogeneous surfaces, and implications are drawn for phase distribution, trapping, mobility, injectivity, withdrawal rates, storage capacity, and containment security under reservoir conditions.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/underground-hydrogen-storage-the-microbiotic-influence-on-rock-wettability-research-article/149355/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/underground-hydrogen-storage-the-microbiotic-influence-on-rock-wettability-research-article/149355.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Rowan","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-22","2026-08-27",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"How do underground biofilms affect hydrogen geo-storage performance?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"Biofilms formed underground can change the wettability of sandstone reservoirs, which strongly influences how brine and hydrogen distribute, are trapped, and remain mobile within the rock formation.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"What role do cyanobacteria play in the wettability changes observed?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Incubation with cyanobacteria Geitlerinema sp. in seawater forms biofilms that increase advancing and receding brine contact angles on water-wet quartz, directly linking biological growth to wettability modification.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"Why does wettability respond differently on water-wet versus oil-wet quartz?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Advancing and receding brine contact angles decrease only slightly on oil-wet quartz even though biomass accumulation is more significant, indicating that surface wettability and surface chemistry jointly control the outcome.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},149355,1787798469,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":130,"read_time":46,"preview_page_count":4},1099514067415,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/100002539d78ffe74a7?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1779092875211072502","VU Research Portal  \nUnderground hydrogen storage  \nAli, Mujahid; Arif, Muhammad; Sedev, Rossen; Sánchez-Román, Mónica; Keshavarz, Alireza; Iglauer, Stefan  \npublished in  \nJournal of Energy Storage 2023  \nDOI (link to publisher)  \n10.1016/j.est.2023.108405  \ndocument version  \nPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of record  \ndocument license  \nArticle 25fa Dutch Copyright Act  \nLink to publication in VU Research Portal  \ncitation for published version (APA)  \nAli, M. , Arif, M. , Sedev, R. , Sánchez-Román, M. , Keshavarz, A. , & Iglauer, S. (2023) . Underground hydrogen storage: The microbiotic influence on rock wettability. Journal of Energy Storage, 72(Part C), 1-7. Article 108405.  \n[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2023.108405](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2023.108405)  \nGeneral rights  \nCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.  \n• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.  \n• You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain  \n• You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal  \nTake down policy  \nIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.  \nE-mail address:  \n[vuresearchportal.ub@vu.nl](vuresearchportal.ub@vu.nl)  \n[Download date: 26](Download date: 26) . Aug. 2026  \nJournal of Energy Storage 72 (2023) 108405  \nContents lists available at ScienceDirect  \nJournal of Energy Storage  \njournal [homepage:](homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/est)[ www.elsevier.com/locate/est](homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/est)  \n| Research Papers\u003Cbr>Underground hydrogen storage: The microbiotic influence on rock wettability |  |  | |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Mujahid Alia, Muhammad Arifb, Rossen Sedeva, c, *, M´onica S´anchez-Rom´an d, Alireza Keshavarza, Stefan Iglauera, **\u003Cbr>a Centre for Sustainable Energy and Resources, School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia b Department of Petroleum Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates\u003Cbr>c Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, Australia\u003Cbr>d Department of Earth Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands |  |  |  |\n| A R T I C L E I N F O |  | A B S T R A C T |  |\n| Keywords: Energy storage Hydrogen Wettability Sandstone Biofilm |  | Hydrogen geo-storage could be the large-scale solution needed for a hydrogen economy. Biological factors have been considered but mainly in terms of hydrogen-metabolising microbes. We demonstrate consistently the direct influence of underground biofilm formation on the wettability of sandstone reservoirs. The biofilm, formed by incubation with cyanobacteria Geitlerinema sp. in seawater, increases the advancing and receding brine contact angles on water-wet quartz. The angles decrease only slightly on oil-wet quartz surfaces even though biomass accumulation is more significant. We formulate an explanation using Cassie’s approach to heterogeneous surfaces, taking into account the predominant surface chemical groups. Wettability strongly affects the distribution, trapping and mobility of phases (brine and hydrogen) inside the rock formation. Our results, obtained at typical reservoir conditions (25–50 ◦ C, 3–130 bar), are relevant to understanding and assessing hydrogen injectivity, withdrawal rates, storage capacity and containment security. This fundamental research supports the development of an industrial-scale decarbonized hydrogen economy. |  |\n\n1. Introduction  \nHydrogen is seen as a critical c","cbCaip0pGveRuETq","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaip0pGveRuETq","pdf",4523234,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Hydrogen geo-storage and the storage-safety challenge\n## Microbial activity in subsurface reservoirs\n# Keywords\n# Research focus (biofilm effects on wettability)","[{\"question\":\"How do underground biofilms affect hydrogen geo-storage performance?\",\"answer\":\"Biofilms formed underground can change the wettability of sandstone reservoirs, which strongly influences how brine and hydrogen distribute, are trapped, and remain mobile within the rock formation.\"},{\"question\":\"What role do cyanobacteria play in the wettability changes observed?\",\"answer\":\"Incubation with cyanobacteria Geitlerinema sp. in seawater forms biofilms that increase advancing and receding brine contact angles on water-wet quartz, directly linking biological growth to wettability modification.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does wettability respond differently on water-wet versus oil-wet quartz?\",\"answer\":\"Advancing and receding brine contact angles decrease only slightly on oil-wet quartz even though biomass accumulation is more significant, indicating that surface wettability and surface chemistry jointly control the outcome.\"}]","Underground hydrogen storage - The microbiotic influence on rock wettability - Research article | PDF"]