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The research examines whether students apply critical appraisal criteria—author credibility, site purpose, and last update date—when faced with conflicting web information in an experimental setting. Results show students fail to use these criteria in selecting answers, even though knowledge and self-reported use correlate, without translating into observed behavior, highlighting the need for alternative instruction and assessment strategies.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/undergraduates-use-critical-appraisal-criteria-for-web-information-experimental-findings/598540/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/undergraduates-use-critical-appraisal-criteria-for-web-information-experimental-findings/598540.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"A glass of water","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":8},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What critical appraisal criteria did the study focus on?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study focused on author credibility, the site’s purpose, and the last update date when students evaluated conflicting web information.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were undergraduates tested in the experimental setting?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Undergraduates examined pairs of web sites containing conflicting information and answered multiple-choice questions based on the differing criteria.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What did the results show about students’ behavior?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Students failed to use critical appraisal criteria in their decisions. Although knowledge and self-reported use of the criteria were related, they did not relate to the observed behavior.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},598540,1792087117,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":8,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":144},962090760832,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","| 􀀂􀀃􀀄􀀅􀀆􀀇 􀀉􀀊􀀋􀀌􀀍 | 􀀎􀀏􀀐􀀑􀀇􀀒􀀓􀀔􀀏􀀕􀀇􀀒 􀀖􀀗􀀌􀀖 |\n| --- | --- |\n\n􀀂􀀃􀀄􀀅􀀄􀀆􀀇􀀈 􀀊􀀋􀀋􀀃􀀇􀀄􀀌􀀇􀀈 􀀍􀀎 􀀏􀀐􀀎􀀍􀀃􀀑􀀇􀀅􀀄􀀍􀀐 􀀍􀀐 􀀅􀀒􀀓 􀀔􀀓􀀕 􀀄􀀐 􀀖􀀃􀀇􀀆􀀅􀀄􀀆􀀓􀀗 􀀘􀀐􀀙􀀓􀀃􀀚􀀃􀀇􀀙􀀛􀀇􀀅􀀓􀀂􀀃􀀄􀀅􀀆􀀇􀀃􀀈􀀉 􀀊􀀇􀀋􀀌􀀍􀀆􀀅􀀎􀀆􀀏 􀀐􀀆􀀑􀀋􀀒􀀃􀀆􀀅 􀀘􀀈􀀆􀀏 􀀓􀀇􀀅 􀀔􀀆􀀕􀀓􀀖􀀗􀀋􀀄􀀒  \n􀀂􀀃􀀄􀀅􀀆􀀄􀀇􀀈􀀉􀀊 􀀋􀀌􀀈􀀇􀀈􀀍􀀆􀀎 􀀏􀀎 􀀅􀀐􀀈􀀊􀀑􀀉􀀌􀀒􀀄􀀇􀀈􀀉􀀊 􀀓􀀆􀀌 􀀅􀀄 􀀇􀀉􀀈􀀅􀀎 􀀂 􀀃􀀄􀀅 􀀆􀀇􀀈􀀇􀀉􀀄 􀀊􀀋􀀌􀀍􀀇􀀎􀀃􀀅 􀀂 􀀃􀀄􀀅􀀂􀀃􀀄􀀄􀀅􀀆􀀇􀀇􀀅􀀄􀀂􀀈􀀇 􀀉􀀈􀀇 􀀊􀀋􀀌􀀉􀀆􀀅􀀄􀀋􀀇 􀀉􀀈 􀀍􀀎􀀈􀀆 􀀆􀀈􀀇 􀀂􀀏􀀂 􀀈 􀀈􀀐 􀀈 􀀈􀀑􀀇 􀀑􀀉 􀀆􀀈􀀆􀀊􀀅􀀉 􀀆 􀀋􀀌 􀀉􀀊􀀂􀀈􀀅􀀇􀀊􀀈 􀀈􀀉 􀀈 􀀈􀀑􀀇􀀒􀀂􀀃􀀄􀀂􀀅􀀆􀀇􀀃􀀇􀀈􀀆  \n􀀂􀀃􀀄􀀅 􀀇􀀈􀀉􀀊􀀋􀀂 􀀄􀀅􀀆􀀇􀀈􀀉􀀊􀀆􀀋􀀌 􀀍􀀎 􀀏􀀐􀀑􀀈􀀉􀀋􀀒  \n􀀌􀀈􀀋􀀋􀀄􀀃 􀀍􀀊􀀎􀀋􀀏􀀊􀀉􀀃􀀋􀀂 􀀄􀀅􀀆􀀇􀀈􀀉􀀊􀀆􀀋􀀌 􀀍􀀎 􀀏􀀐􀀑􀀈􀀉􀀋􀀒  \n􀀉 􀀂􀀃􀀄􀀅􀀆􀀇􀀄  \nUndergraduates use a wide range of information resources for academic and nonacademic purposes, including web sites that range from credible, peer reviewed, online journal sites, to biased and inaccurate promotional web sites. Students are taught basic critical appraisal skills, but do they apply these skills to make decisions about information in different web sites? In an experimental setting, undergraduate students examined pairs of web sites containing conflicting information based on different aspects of critical appraisal, namely credibility of the author of the information, purpose of the web site, and last update of the site, and answered multiple choice questions about the conflicting information. Results indicated that students failed to use critical appraisal criteria, and that while knowledge of and self-reported use of these criteria were related to each other, they were not related to behaviour. This research demonstrates the need for alternative strategies for critical appraisal instruction and assessment.  \n􀀈􀀂􀀃􀀄􀀅􀀂  \nLes étudiants de premier cycle consultent une vaste gamme de sources d’information à des fins universitaires et non universitaires, y compris des sites Web allant de revues en ligne crédibles et évaluées par des pairs à des sites Web promotionnels partials et inexacts. On enseigne aux étudiants des méthodes de base d’évaluation critique, mais mettent-ils ces méthodes en pratique pour prendre des décisions relativement à l’information tirée de différents sites Web? Dans un cadre expérimental, les étudiants de premier cycle ont étudié des paires de sites Web contenant des informations contradictoires en se fondant sur différents aspects de l’évaluation critique, notamment la crédibilité de l’auteur de l’information, l’intention du site Web et la dernière mise  \n􀀘􀀙􀀚􀀛􀀓􀀜􀀘􀀝􀀛 􀀂􀀃􀀄􀀞 􀀉􀀊􀀋􀀌􀀍  \nà jour du site, et ont répondu à des questions à choix multiples concernant les informations contradictoires. Les résultats indiquent que les étudiants n’ont pas utilisé les critères d’évaluation critique et que si les connaissances et l’utilisation de ces connaissances déclarée par les étudiants étaient reliées, cette relation ne correspondait toutefois pas au comportement observé . Cette recherche démontre la nécessité de stratégies de rechange en matière d’enseignement del’évaluation critique et son évaluation.  \n􀀆􀀄􀀇􀀈􀀍􀀂􀀃􀀄􀀅􀀆􀀇􀀈  \nUndergraduate students surf the World Wide Web on a daily basis, both for academic and for non-academic purposes. Because the information on the web is seemingly limitless and largely unfiltered, students must decide which sources of information they will use and how they will use the information. These decisions may simply involve relying on the first resource encountered in a web search (Bar-Ilan, Keenoy, Levene, & Yaari, 2009; Biddix, Chung, & Park, 2011; Jansen, Spink, Bateman, & Saracevic, 2000; Pan, et al., 2007) or they may involve any number of other criteria based on critical appraisal of the information contained within theresources (Idling, Crosby, Auernheimer, & Klemm, 2009; Varnhagen, 2002; Walraven, BrandGruwel, & Boshuizen, 2009) . The information literacy skills of students finding, appraising, and citing information from the web for academic purposes are of significant interest and, potentially, significant concern (Biddix et al, 2011; Idling et al., 2009; Metzger, Flanagin, & Zwarun, 2003; Thompson, 2003; Walraven et al, 2009) .  \nCritical appraisal of information, regardless of medium, requires evaluating the credibility of the author and/or ","cbCaimYCBE2NesB7","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaimYCBE2NesB7","pdf",328084,14,"English","# Background and problem\n## Critical appraisal criteria\n# Experimental method\n## Conflicting web site pairs and questions\n# Results and implications","[{\"question\":\"What critical appraisal criteria did the study focus on?\",\"answer\":\"The study focused on author credibility, the site’s purpose, and the last update date when students evaluated conflicting web information.\"},{\"question\":\"How were undergraduates tested in the experimental setting?\",\"answer\":\"Undergraduates examined pairs of web sites containing conflicting information and answered multiple-choice questions based on the differing criteria.\"},{\"question\":\"What did the results show about students’ behavior?\",\"answer\":\"Students failed to use critical appraisal criteria in their decisions. Although knowledge and self-reported use of the criteria were related, they did not relate to the observed behavior.\"}]","Undergraduates Use Critical Appraisal Criteria for Web Information - Experimental Findings | PDF",35]