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Multilevel, multinomial logistic regressions analyze how intersections of race and sex shape post-secondary transitions. Findings show Black, Latino, and Southeast Asian students were less prepared than White students, with differences persisting across both periods.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/under-represented-students-and-the-transition-to-post-secondary-education-comparing-two-toronto-cohorts/596760/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/under-represented-students-and-the-transition-to-post-secondary-education-comparing-two-toronto-cohorts/596760.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Muffet","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":39},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What data and cohorts does the study use?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study uses data from two cohorts of Grade 12 students in Toronto, collected in 2006 and 2011 by the Toronto District School Board.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does the research model transitions to post-secondary education?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It uses multilevel, multinomial logistic regressions to examine how intersections of race and sex relate to transitions toward post-secondary education.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What key differences are observed between under-represented groups and White students?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The study finds Black, Latino, and Southeast Asian students are less prepared than White students, including lower GPAs, higher identification of special education needs, or lower likelihood of taking academic-stream courses.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},596760,1792171784,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":39,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},962090768927,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","CSSHE  \nSCÉES  \nCanadian Journal of Higher Education Revue canadienne d’enseignement supérieur Volume 48, No. 1, 2018, pages 39-59  \nUnder-represented Students and the Transition to Post-secondary Education:  \nComparing Two Toronto Cohorts  \nKaren Robson  \nMcMaster University  \nPaul Anisef  \nYork University  \nRobert S. Brown  \nToronto District School Board  \nR. C. George  \nYork University  \nAbstract  \nUsing data from two cohorts of Grade 12 students in Toronto, we examined whether the transition to post-secondary education changed between 2006 and 2011, particularly for under-represented groups. We used multilevel, multinomial logistic regressions to examine how the intersections of race and sex affect post-secondary transitions in the two cohorts. Our findings revealed that Black, Latino, and Southeast Asian students were less prepared for postsecondary education than White students. Students in these groups had lower than average GPAs, higher identification of special education needs, or lower likelihoods of taking academic-stream courses. These differences remained fairly stable between 2006 and 2011. We did, however, find that Black students were more likely than White students to confirm a place in university in 2011—a significant difference. In contrast, Southeast Asian students ex  \nCJHE / RCES Volume 48, No. 1, 2018  \nComparing Two Toronto Cohorts / K. Robson, P. Anisef, R. S. Brown, & R. C. George 40  \nperienced a decline in university transition but an increase in college confirmation. We also found that race and sex were important intersections for university confirmations in the case of Blacks and for college confirmations in the case of Southeast Asians. We contextualize our findings within the policy climate of Ontario in the years spanning our two cohorts.  \nRésumé  \nEn utilisant des données de deux cohortes d’élèves 12e année à Toronto, nous avons examiné si la transition vers l’éducation postsecondaire avait changé entre 2006 et 2011, particulièrement pour les groupes sous-représentés.  \nNous avons utilisé des régressions logistiques multinomiales et multiniveaux pour examiner comment les intersections de race et sexe influencent les transitions vers l’éducation postsecondaire dans les deux cohortes. Nosrésultats ont montré que les étudiants noirs, latins et sud-asiatiques étaient moins préparés à poursuivre des études postsecondaires. Les étudiants deces groupes avaient des moyennes cumulatives inférieures, des taux plus élevés d’identification des besoins spéciaux et/ou étaient moins susceptiblesd’être dans les cours de niveau universitaire. Ces différences restaient assez stables entre 2006 et 2011. Cependant, nous avons constaté que en 2001 les étudiants noirs étaient plus susceptibles de s’inscrire dans une université que les étudiants blancs—une différence significative. Par contre, les transitions vers l’université avaient diminué pour les étudiants d’Asie du Sud-Est, maisles acceptations des offres aux collèges avaient augmenté . Nos résultats ont également montré que la race et le sexe étaient des intersections importantes pour les confirmations de l’université dans le cas des étudiants noirs et les confirmations des collèges dans le cas des étudiants de l’Asie du Sud-Est.  \nNous contextualisons nos résultats dans le climat politique de l’Ontario au cours des années qui suivent nos deux cohortes.  \nIntroduction  \nIn this paper, we examined whether there was an increase in under-represented student groups in post-secondary enrolments in Ontario between 2006 and 2011. By “underrepresented,” we mean student subgroups whose representation in colleges and universities has been significantly lower than the proportion of their respective populations in Ontario society. While we focused primarily on race and gender, these groups can also include disabled students and students from low-income homes. The time points of 2006 and 2011 represent two recent student cohorts on which data were collected by the Toront","cbCaibWpTroxcEPx","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaibWpTroxcEPx","pdf",501558,21,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n# Determinants of PSE in Canada","[{\"question\":\"What data and cohorts does the study use?\",\"answer\":\"The study uses data from two cohorts of Grade 12 students in Toronto, collected in 2006 and 2011 by the Toronto District School Board.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the research model transitions to post-secondary education?\",\"answer\":\"It uses multilevel, multinomial logistic regressions to examine how intersections of race and sex relate to transitions toward post-secondary education.\"},{\"question\":\"What key differences are observed between under-represented groups and White students?\",\"answer\":\"The study finds Black, Latino, and Southeast Asian students are less prepared than White students, including lower GPAs, higher identification of special education needs, or lower likelihood of taking academic-stream courses.\"}]","Under-represented Students and the Transition to Post-secondary Education - Comparing Two Toronto Cohorts | PDF",1792083668,53]