[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-227720-en":3,"doc-seo-227720-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":97},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":27,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},227720,962075114101,"Seraphina","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/e000253a75eb197efd?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1780044092746381165",8,"Research & Report","Two K2P Channels, TWK-46 and TWK-26, Do Not Affect C. elegans Egg-Laying Behavior","Two-pore domain potassium (K2P) channels regulate resting membrane potential and influence diverse physiological processes across species. The C. elegans genome contains 46 K2P-encoding genes, but most functions remain unclear. This study examined twk-26 and twk-46 in the egg-laying neural circuit using CRISPR/Cas9-generated null mutants. Multiple behavioral assays detected no significant differences in egg-laying output or timing between mutants and wild-type worms.","1/27/2025-Open Access  \nTwo K2P Channels, TWK-46 and TWK-26 do not affect C. elegans EggLaying Behavior  \nLi Chen1, Isabel Beets1, William Schafer1,2§  \n1Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Flanders, Belgium  \n2Neurobiology, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, England, United Kingdom  \n§ To whom correspondence should be [addressed: william.schafer@kuleuven.be](addressed: william.schafer@kuleuven.be)  \nAbstract  \nTwo-pore domain potassium channels, also known as K2P channels, play vital roles in maintaining the resting membrane potential in excitable cells, affecting a variety of physiological processes across species. The Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) genome contains 46 different K2P-encoding genes, yet most of their functions remain unknown. Here, we have investigated the possible roles of two C. elegans K2P channel genes – twk-26 and twk-46 – that are expressed in the egg-laying neural circuit by characterizing the egg-laying behavior of null mutants generated by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing. However, using a variety of assays, we did not observe significant differences in egg-laying behavior between twk-26 and twk-46 mutants and wild-type worms.  \n1/27/2025-Open Access  \nFigure 1. Characterization of egg-laying behavior in two C. elegans K2P channel mutants:  \n1/27/2025-Open Access  \nA. Graphic representation of CRISPR full knockout alleles of twk-26(ibt22) and twk-46(ibt17) (scale bar: 100bp) . B. Quantification of the number of eggs laid on food within 2 hours (N2 : n=69; twk-26: n=70; twk-46: n=61 animals) and off food within 1 hour (N2 : n=55; twk-26: n=63; twk-46: n=62 animals) . Statistical significance was evaluated using a one-way ANOVA test, ns: p>0.05. C. Quantification of the number of unlaid eggs within uterus (N2 : n=72; twk-26: n=71; twk-46: n=70 animals) . Statistical significance (one-way ANOVA test), ns: p>0.05. D. Quantitative analysis of the timing of egg-laying events. Individual animals were tracked on food for 6 hours, and the intervals between egg-laying events were measured. The left panel represents the histogram of log intervals of 10 individual animals of each genotype, with the maximum likelihood estimation (Waggoner et al., 1998; Zhou et al, 1998) of intra-and inter-cluster time constants as well as three parameters of the two-state egg-laying model (p: probability of egg-laying events during active egg-laying phase, λ1: rate constant of inactive egg-laying phase, and λ2: rate constant of active egg-laying phase) . The blue and green dashed lines indicate the intra-and inter-cluster time constants, respectively. The right panel plots the inter- and inter-cluster time constants determined by the same method per individual animal. Estimated parameters were not statistically different between genotypes according to Brown-Forsythe and Welch ANOVA, with Dunnett's post-hoc test. E. Quantification of the number of laid eggs in response to different exogenous serotonin concentrations within 1 hour in the absence of food (n= 15 animals for each genotype) . Significance was tested using an Aligned Ranked two-way ANOVA test, ns: p>0.05. For all graphs, error bars represent standard error of the mean (SEM) .  \nDescription  \nTwo-pore domain potassium channels are a class of 4-transmembrane spanning K+ channels, with two pore-forming domainsin each subunit (Natale et al., 2021) . In mammals, some K2P genes have been discovered as novel anesthesia targets due to their activation by certain anesthetics and broad expression in the central nervous system (Steinberg et al., 2015; Talley et al., 2001) . Surprisingly, the most diversified K2P gene family has been found in the model organism C. elegans (Hobert, 2013), which has a very compact nervous system with only 302 neurons in hermaphrodites (White et al., 1986) . Different studies have indicated that K2P genes are involved in regulating various activities in C. elegans. For instance, twk-40 impacts both defecation and locomotion by regulating the excitabi","cbCainZ5rd4KUibv","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCainZ5rd4KUibv","pdf",5406382,1,7,"English","en",105,"# Abstract\n# Experimental Approach\n## CRISPR/Cas9 null mutants\n# Results: Egg-laying behavior assays\n## Eggs laid on and off food\n## Unlaid eggs in uterus\n## Timing of egg-laying events\n## Serotonin responsiveness\n# Background and Circuit Rationale","[{\"question\":\"Why study K2P channels twk-26 and twk-46 in C. elegans egg-laying?\",\"answer\":\"K2P channels help set resting membrane potential, yet most C. elegans K2P gene functions are unknown. The study targets twk-26 and twk-46 because they are expressed in the egg-laying neural circuit.\"},{\"question\":\"How were twk-26 and twk-46 functions tested?\",\"answer\":\"Null mutants were generated with CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, and egg-laying behavior was assessed using multiple assays to compare mutants with wild-type worms.\"},{\"question\":\"What were the main findings about egg-laying behavior in twk-26 and twk-46 mutants?\",\"answer\":\"Across the tested assays, egg-laying behavior and event timing showed no significant differences between twk-26 and twk-46 mutants and wild-type animals.\"}]","Two K2P Channels, TWK-46 and TWK-26, Do Not Affect C. elegans Egg-Laying Behavior | PDF",1789013175,18,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":92,"head_meta":94,"extra_data":96,"updated_unix":28},"two-k2p-channels-twk-46-and-twk-26-do-not-affect-c-elegans-egg-laying-behavior","",{"@graph":36,"@context":91},[37,54,74],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,48,51],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":47},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":53},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/two-k2p-channels-twk-46-and-twk-26-do-not-affect-c-elegans-egg-laying-behavior/227720/",4,{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":55,"image":56,"author":61,"headline":13,"publisher":63,"fileFormat":66,"inLanguage":23,"description":14,"dateModified":67,"datePublished":68,"encodingFormat":66,"isAccessibleForFree":69,"interactionStatistic":70},"DigitalDocument",{"url":57,"@type":58,"width":59,"height":60},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/two-k2p-channels-twk-46-and-twk-26-do-not-affect-c-elegans-egg-laying-behavior/227720.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":9,"@type":62},"Person",{"url":41,"name":64,"@type":65},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-11","2026-09-10",true,{"@type":71,"interactionType":72,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":73},"ViewAction",{"@type":75,"mainEntity":76},"FAQPage",[77,83,87],{"name":78,"@type":79,"acceptedAnswer":80},"Why study K2P channels twk-26 and twk-46 in C. elegans egg-laying?","Question",{"text":81,"@type":82},"K2P channels help set resting membrane potential, yet most C. elegans K2P gene functions are unknown. The study targets twk-26 and twk-46 because they are expressed in the egg-laying neural circuit.","Answer",{"name":84,"@type":79,"acceptedAnswer":85},"How were twk-26 and twk-46 functions tested?",{"text":86,"@type":82},"Null mutants were generated with CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, and egg-laying behavior was assessed using multiple assays to compare mutants with wild-type worms.",{"name":88,"@type":79,"acceptedAnswer":89},"What were the main findings about egg-laying behavior in twk-26 and twk-46 mutants?",{"text":90,"@type":82},"Across the tested assays, egg-laying behavior and event timing showed no significant differences between twk-26 and twk-46 mutants and wild-type animals.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":52,"og:type":93,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":64,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":95,"canonical":52},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":24},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":98},[99,103,107,111,116,121,125,128,133,136,140],{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":100,"show_sort_weight":101,"slug":102},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":47,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":104,"show_sort_weight":105,"slug":106},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":53,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":108,"show_sort_weight":109,"slug":110},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":112,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":113,"show_sort_weight":114,"slug":115},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":118,"show_sort_weight":119,"slug":120},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":21,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":122,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":124},"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":127},30,"research-report",{"id":129,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":130,"show_sort_weight":131,"slug":132},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":131,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":134,"show_sort_weight":131,"slug":135},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":137,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":138,"show_sort_weight":137,"slug":139},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":141,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":142,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":143},19,"General","general"]