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It summarizes drivers such as ongoing deforestation impacts and the City’s reliance on tropical hardwoods in waterfront and public infrastructure. The proposal targets a near-term 20% reduction through direct substitutes, plus studies and pilots, while noting limits on complete elimination and associated short-term incremental costs.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/tropical-hardwood-reduction-plan-memorandum-february-11-2008/501384/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/tropical-hardwood-reduction-plan-memorandum-february-11-2008/501384.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Fans","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-22","2026-10-03",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What prompted the Tropical Hardwood Reduction Plan?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The memo references a commitment announced at the UNFCCC Conference in Bali to review the City’s tropical hardwood use and report a reduction plan within 60 days.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What is the near-term reduction goal stated in the memo?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The plan aims to immediately cut the City’s tropical hardwood use by 20%, with further reductions or possible elimination over the longer term through redesign during normal replacement cycles.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Why can’t the City eliminate tropical hardwood use immediately?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Eliminating all tropical hardwood use in the near term is described as infeasible because many substitutes would require major structural redesigns, and the City cannot yet confirm complete elimination is feasible.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},501384,1791291546,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":44,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":56,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},5909892330395,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","MEMORANDUM  \nTo: Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg  \nFrom: Rohit T. Aggarwala, Director of Long-Term Planning and Sustainability  \nCC: Deputy Mayor Edward Skyler  \nDeputy Mayor Patricia E. Harris  \nDeputy Mayor Robert C. Lieber  \nCommissioner Adrian Benepe  \nCommissioner Janette Sadik-Kahn  \nCommissioner John J. Doherty  \nCommissioner Kate D. Levin  \nCommissioner Martha K. Hirst  \nCommissioner David J. Burney  \nPresident Seth Pinsky  \nDirector of Operations Jeffrey Kay Date: February 11, 2008  \nSubject: Tropical Hardwood Reduction Plan  \nI. Introduction  \nOn December 13th, at the UNFCCC Conference in Bali, you announced that the Office of Long-Term Planning and Sustainability would work with the Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR), the Department of Transportation (DOT) and other agencies to conduct a review of the City’s tropical hardwood use and report back in 60 days with a plan to reduce that aspect of the City’s contribution to global climate change.  \nLogging of tropical forests to supply timber and pulpwood has contributed to deforestation at a rate of 0.2% a year. According to the World Resources Institute, this deforestation accounts for approximately 20% of the world’s annual man-made greenhouse gas emissions. Because of its unparalleled strength and durability for outdoor uses, New York City utilizes large amounts of tropical hardwoods on boardwalks, benches, ferry piers, marine transfer stations and the Brooklyn Bridge promenade.  \nWith one of the nation’s longest boardwalk networks and its largest park system, it is possible, as some have alleged that New York City is one of the leading consumers of tropical hardwoods in the nation. The City has piloted some use of  \nalternatives, like recycled plastic lumber and domestic hardwoods, but has not thus far adopted a comprehensive approach to reduce tropical hardwood use.  \nThis memo lays out an approach to reducing New York City’s use of tropical hardwoods. Eliminating all tropical hardwood use in the near term is not feasible because substitutes in many cases would require major structural redesigns. However, we have identified some uses for which direct substitutes are currently available, and this plan also includes a series of studies and pilots to assess alternatives. Furthermore, as certain tropical hardwood structures finish their useful lives, alternative materials will be designed into the replacement structures.  \nOverall, this plan will immediately cut the City’s tropical Harwood use by 20%, with further reductions or complete elimination expected over the longer term if major components due to normal replacement can be redesigned with substitutes. Because we cannot be certain that complete elimination is feasible, the City cannot yet make a commitment to do so.  \nThe incremental cost of pursuing this plan in the short term is an additional estimated $14,000 for benches annually and $20,000 for the necessary studies.  \nII. Background  \nA. Regulations prohibiting tropical hardwoods  \nNew York State Finance Law §165 prohibits the use of specific tropical hardwoods, such as teak and ebony. It is generally agreed that the law is not comprehensive. While the law specifically bars the use of these woods, many additional tropical hardwoods are not listed and are thus excluded from the law’s prohibition. In addition, the law provides a number of exceptions, including ones based on cost and the absence of acceptable alternatives.  \nB. New York City Tropical Hardwood Use  \nThe City of New York currently uses tropical hardwoods that are not prohibited bylaw to construct and maintain ferry piers and fender racks, waste marine transfer station docks, benches, small scale City construction projects and the Brooklyn Bridge Promenade. The ten miles of boardwalk maintained by DPR is the largest single use. The City’s total average annual expenditure on large scale projects and infrastructure is approximately $1,000,000 .  \nA number of characteristics unique to tropical hardw","cbCaiduqjL9ELqHk","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiduqjL9ELqHk","pdf",65386,"English","# Introduction\n## Regulations prohibiting tropical hardwoods\n## New York City Tropical Hardwood Use\n## Department of Sanitation\n## Economic Development Corporation, Department of Cultural Affairs, and Department of Design and Construction","[{\"question\":\"What prompted the Tropical Hardwood Reduction Plan?\",\"answer\":\"The memo references a commitment announced at the UNFCCC Conference in Bali to review the City’s tropical hardwood use and report a reduction plan within 60 days.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the near-term reduction goal stated in the memo?\",\"answer\":\"The plan aims to immediately cut the City’s tropical hardwood use by 20%, with further reductions or possible elimination over the longer term through redesign during normal replacement cycles.\"},{\"question\":\"Why can’t the City eliminate tropical hardwood use immediately?\",\"answer\":\"Eliminating all tropical hardwood use in the near term is described as infeasible because many substitutes would require major structural redesigns, and the City cannot yet confirm complete elimination is feasible.\"}]","Tropical Hardwood Reduction Plan - Memorandum - February 11, 2008 | PDF",1791019165,48]