[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-318962-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-318962-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","tri-junction-passes-in-india-3-june-2026-daily-bulletin","Tri-Junction Passes in India - 3 June 2026 - Daily Bulletin","","Daily intelligence briefing covering India’s strategic border geography and recent defense and policy updates. It explains key tri-junction mountain passes linking India with China and neighboring states, highlighting route relevance, disputes, and current administration. It also summarizes DRDO and IAF flight-tests of the RudraM-II anti-radiation missile, the role of the Gandak River in India–Nepal border demarcation, wildlife conservation developments around Satkosia, and the government’s planned transition from WPI to PPI.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/tri-junction-passes-in-india-3-june-2026-daily-bulletin/318962/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/tri-junction-passes-in-india-3-june-2026-daily-bulletin/318962.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Ezra","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-25","2026-09-20",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",9,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What are tri-junction passes and why are they geopolitically important?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"Tri-junction passes are high-altitude mountain routes located where borders of three sovereign nations meet. Their exact location makes them sensitive for boundary delimitation and disputes.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"What does the RudraM-II missile target and what platform is it primarily integrated with?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"RudraM-II is an anti-radiation missile designed to detect, track, and destroy enemy radio emission sources such as hostile radars and SAM sites. It is primarily integrated with the Indian Air Force’s Sukhoi Su-30 MKI fleet.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"Why is the Gandak River mentioned in relation to unresolved India–Nepal border demarcation?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"India’s External Affairs Ministry cites the natural shifting of the Gandak River as a primary cause for remaining unresolved segments of the India–Nepal border demarcation.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},318962,1790528412,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,111,115,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":108,"show_sort_weight":109,"slug":110},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":112,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},8,30,"research-report",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":112,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":33,"language":139,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":143,"read_time":123,"preview_page_count":4},1099514068035,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","3 June 2026  \nTri-Junction Passes in India  \nThe India-China diplomatic meetings have revived discussionson boundary delimitation for the Sikkim sector  \no Tri-Junction Passes: Strategic high-altitude mountain routes located at the exact intersection where the borders of three sovereign nations meet.  \no Important Tri-Junction Passes in India  \no Lipulekh Pass (Uttarakhand)  \n§ Tri-junction: India, Nepal, and China (Tibet) .  \n§ Treaty Dispute: Nepal claims the region based on its interpretation of the 1816 Treaty of Sugauli  \n§ Current Status: Administered by India  \n§ Geographical Route: Connects the Kumaon region (Uttarakhand) to Purang in Tibet.  \no Diphu Pass (Arunachal Pradesh)  \n§ Tri-junction: India, China, and Myanmar.  \n§ Demarcation: Situated on the easternmost point of the McMahon Line.  \n§ Dispute: China disputes the McMahon line, making this eastern anchor highly sensitive.  \n§ Geographical Route: Connects the Anjaw district (Arunachal Pradesh) to Myanmar's Kachin State and China's Tibet region.  \no Jelep La (Sikkim)  \n§ Tri-junction Context: Connects India and Tibet, located extremely close to the India-ChinaBhutan tri-junction (Doklam region).  \n§ History: Closed after the 1962 Indo-China war; unlike Nathu La, it remains closed to trade.  \n§ Geographical Route: Connects Kalimpong/Gangtok (India) to Lhasa (Tibet) .  \no Mintaka Pass (Gilgit-Baltistan, PoK)  \n§ Tri-junction: India (via PoK), China (Xinjiang), and Afghanistan (Wakhan Corridor) .  \n§ Mintaka: It translates to \"a thousand goats\" in the  \nlocal Wakhi language.  \n§ Geographical Route: Connects the Hunza Valley (PoK) to the Wakhan Corridor and the Chalachigu Valley in Xinjiang.  \no Kilik Pass (Gilgit-Baltistan, PoK)  \n§ Location: Situated just west of the Mintaka Pass along the same India-China-Afghan trijunction zone.  \n§ Geographical Route: Connects the Hunza Valley (PoK) to the Wakhan Corridor and the Chalachigu Valley in Xinjiang.  \nRudraM-II  \nThe DRDO and the Indian Air Force (IAF) have successfully conducted flight-tests of the indigenous RudraM-II air-tosurface missile, validating all critical subsystems and flight parameters under extreme release conditions.  \no RudraM-II: It is an Anti-Radiation Missile (ARM) which is specialized tactical missile engineered to detect, track, and destroy enemy radio emission sources.  \no Primary Targets: Hostile radars, communication nodes, and surface-to-air missile (SAM) sites.  \no Developer: DRDO, in collaboration with various Indian defense laboratories and industry partners.  \no Launch Platform: Primarily integrated with the Indian Air Force's (IAF) Sukhoi Su-30 MKI fleet.  \no Technical Specifications  \no Propulsion: Powered by a dual-pulsed solid rocket motor for high manoeuvrability  \no Range: Estimated operational range of 300 to 350 km.  \no Speed: Travels at supersonic speeds (up to Mach 5.5)  \nGandak river  \nThe natural shifting of the Gandak River has been cited by India's External Affairs Ministry as a primary cause for the remaining unresolved segments of the India-Nepal border demarcation.  \no Gandak River: Itis a transboundary, left-bank tributary of the Ganga River.  \no Other Names: Known as Narayani or Kali Gandaki in Nepal, and Saligrami in ancient texts.  \no Confluence: Merges with the Ganga River near Patna (Hajipur), Bihar.  \no Geographical Course  \no Upper Course: Originates in Tibet near the Nepal border.  \n3 June 2026  \no Through Nepal: Cuts through the Himalayas, forming the Kali Gandaki Gorge (one of the deepest in the world) .  \no Entry to India: Enters India at Triveni in the West Champaran district of Bihar.  \no Border Role: Acts as a natural boundary between  \nUttar Pradesh and Bihar for a significant stretch.  \no Major Tributaries: Trishuli, Budhi Gandaki, Marshyangdi, and Seti  \no Basin: Across Nepal and India  \no Protected Areas: Flows directly through the Valmiki Tiger Reserve (India) and Chitwan National Park (Nepal) .  \nSatkosia Tiger Reserve  \nThe past failed tiger introduct","cbCailmjVkcovh2S","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCailmjVkcovh2S","pdf",482715,"English","# Tri-Junction Passes in India\n## Lipulekh Pass (Uttarakhand)\n## Diphu Pass (Arunachal Pradesh)\n## Jelep La (Sikkim)\n## Mintaka Pass (Gilgit-Baltistan, PoK)\n## Kilik Pass (Gilgit-Baltistan, PoK)\n# RudraM-II\n# Gandak River\n# Satkosia Tiger Reserve\n# Producer Price Index (PPI)","[{\"question\":\"What are tri-junction passes and why are they geopolitically important?\",\"answer\":\"Tri-junction passes are high-altitude mountain routes located where borders of three sovereign nations meet. Their exact location makes them sensitive for boundary delimitation and disputes.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the RudraM-II missile target and what platform is it primarily integrated with?\",\"answer\":\"RudraM-II is an anti-radiation missile designed to detect, track, and destroy enemy radio emission sources such as hostile radars and SAM sites. It is primarily integrated with the Indian Air Force’s Sukhoi Su-30 MKI fleet.\"},{\"question\":\"Why is the Gandak River mentioned in relation to unresolved India–Nepal border demarcation?\",\"answer\":\"India’s External Affairs Ministry cites the natural shifting of the Gandak River as a primary cause for remaining unresolved segments of the India–Nepal border demarcation.\"}]","Tri-Junction Passes in India - 3 June 2026 - Daily Bulletin | PDF",1789941574]