[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-487480-105":59,"doc-detail-487480-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":124,"head_meta":126,"extra_data":128,"updated_unix":130},105,"en","treatment-and-monitoring-of-idiopathic-intracranial-hypertension","Treatment and Monitoring of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension","","This review article examines management of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), emphasizing neurology’s role in protecting vision and guiding escalation to surgical interventions when threatened. It summarizes rising incidence tied to the global obesity epidemic and highlights evidence for a distinct systemic metabolic phenotype. Monitoring relies on clinical history, examination, serial visual fields, and optical coherence tomography to detect structural optic nerve changes. The article outlines treatment principles, notes the lack of labeled therapies, discusses acetazolamide as the most common medication, evaluates GLP-1 receptor agonist evidence, and describes increased use of venous sinus stenting.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/treatment-and-monitoring-of-idiopathic-intracranial-hypertension/487480/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/treatment-and-monitoring-of-idiopathic-intracranial-hypertension/487480.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"A glass of water","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-04","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",12,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What are the core goals in managing idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH)?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"The primary goals are protecting vision and escalating to surgical interventions when threatened, while addressing obesity’s role and providing guidance for headache therapeutics.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How is visual function monitored in patients with IIH?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Monitoring includes clinical history, examination, serial visual fields, and optic nerve structure assessment using optical coherence tomography (OCT).",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"Which treatments are discussed for IIH, and what recent developments are highlighted?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Acetazolamide is described as the most commonly prescribed medication. The review also discusses evidence for a GLP-1 receptor agonist reducing intracranial pressure and notes increased use of venous sinus stenting in patients requiring surgery.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},487480,1791298361,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":146,"preview_page_count":4},962090760832,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","REVIEW ARTICLE  \n􀀁  \nCONTINUUM AUDIO INTERVIEW AVAILABLE ONLINE  \n􀀁  \nVIDEO CONTENT AVAILABLE ONLINE  \nCITE AS:  \nCONTINUUM (MIN NEA P M INN) 2025;31(3, DISORDERS OF CSF DYNAMICS): 728–756.  \nAddress correspondence to Dr Susan P. Mollan, Birmingham Neuro-Ophthalmology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TH, United Kingdom, susan.  \n[mollan@uhb.nhs.uk](mollan@uhb.nhs.uk).  \nRELATIONSHIP DISCLOSURE: Dr Chen has received personal compensation in the range of $500 to $4999 for serving as a consultant for Amgen Inc and in the range of $5000 to $9999 for serving as a consultant for UCBS.A. Dr Mollan has received personal compensation in the range of $0 to $499 for serving on speakers bureaus for Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd and Thea Pharma Inc and in the range of $500 to $4999 for serving as a consultant for Invex Therapeutics. The institution of Dr Mollan has received research support from the National Institute for Health Research.  \nUNLABELED USE OF PRODUCTS/INVESTIGATIONAL USE DISCLOSURE:  \nDrs Chen and Mollan discuss the unlabeled use of acetazolamide, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists, and topiramate for the treatment of idiopathic intracranial hypertension.  \n© 2025 American Academy of Neurology.  \nTreatment and Monitoring of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension  \nBy John J. Chen, MD, PhD; Susan P. Mollan, MBChB, PhD, FRCOphth  \nABSTRACT  \nOBJECTIVE: This article reviews the management of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), which is essential to neurology practice.  \nLATEST DEVELOPMENTS: The incidence and prevalence of IIH have risen because of the worldwide obesity epidemic. Evidence suggests that IIH has a unique systemic metabolic phenotype. Clinical history, examination, and visual fields remain the cornerstone for monitoring people with IIH. Optical coherence tomography demonstrates structural changes that aid decisionmaking. The principles of IIH management include protecting vision and escalating to surgical interventions when it is threatened, addressing the role of obesity in the condition, and providing advice on headache therapeutics. There are no labeled therapies for IIH; however, acetazolamide remains the most common medication prescribed. A glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist was recently shown to reduce intracranial pressure independent of weight reduction in a phase II randomized controlled trial in people with IIH, suggesting it could be a promising treatment for IIH. In patients with IIH requiring surgery, there has been an increase in venous sinus stenting.  \nESSENTIAL POINTS: Neurologists are central in the management pathway for people with IIH. Ongoing coordinated care between ophthalmologists and neurologists is essential for optimal care of these patients.  \nINTRODUCTION  \nI  \ndiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), a condition of increased intracranial pressure (ICP), occurs most commonly in young women with obesity, typically with a body mass index (BMI) greater than 30 kg/m2. Although it is principally associated with obesity, there are also specific systemic metabolic findings in people with IIH.1 The incidence of the disease  \nis increasing in line with obesity rates.2 IIH causes debilitating headaches and, in some, visual loss. It negatively affects quality of life, reduces the capacity to work, and makes performing activities of daily living difficult.3,4 People with IIH have been found to have impaired fertility, gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, increased risk of cardiometabolic complications, and reversible cognitive dysfunction.5-7 Disease associations include obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), polycystic ovarian syndrome, and mental health disorders.8-12  \n728 JUNE 2025  \nIIH used to be termed benign intracranial hypertension, but the disease can cause progressive and insidious vision loss, which is typically reversible with treatment but has been reported to be permanent in up to 40% of cases.13,14 The visual ","cbCaiuInHsLkWFc5","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiuInHsLkWFc5","pdf",14801459,29,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n# Monitoring Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension\n## Tests of Visual Function at Diagnosis and Follow-up","[{\"question\":\"What are the core goals in managing idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH)?\",\"answer\":\"The primary goals are protecting vision and escalating to surgical interventions when threatened, while addressing obesity’s role and providing guidance for headache therapeutics.\"},{\"question\":\"How is visual function monitored in patients with IIH?\",\"answer\":\"Monitoring includes clinical history, examination, serial visual fields, and optic nerve structure assessment using optical coherence tomography (OCT).\"},{\"question\":\"Which treatments are discussed for IIH, and what recent developments are highlighted?\",\"answer\":\"Acetazolamide is described as the most commonly prescribed medication. The review also discusses evidence for a GLP-1 receptor agonist reducing intracranial pressure and notes increased use of venous sinus stenting in patients requiring surgery.\"}]","Treatment and Monitoring of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension | PDF",1790808577,73]