[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-144555-105":59,"doc-detail-144555-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":124,"head_meta":126,"extra_data":128,"updated_unix":130},105,"en","transmigration-of-mandibular-canines-a-review-of-the-literature-and-a-report-of-five-cases","Transmigration of Mandibular Canines - A Review of the Literature and a Report of Five Cases","","Transmigration of the mandibular permanent canine is a rare event with unclear etiology. Five cases of transmigrated mandibular canines are presented alongside a literature review. The document analyzes reported causes, considers definitions and mechanisms proposed by prior authors, and summarizes practical treatment options. Evidence from clinical observation and radiographic findings is used to discuss diagnosis and management decisions for this midline-crossing dental anomaly.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/transmigration-of-mandibular-canines-a-review-of-the-literature-and-a-report-of-five-cases/144555/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/transmigration-of-mandibular-canines-a-review-of-the-literature-and-a-report-of-five-cases/144555.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Paura","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-02","2026-08-26",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",13,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"Why is mandibular canine transmigration considered rare, and what is known about its etiology?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"Mandibular permanent canine transmigration is rare, and the exact etiology remains unclear. Multiple factors have been suggested, but no single mechanism fully explains all cases.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"What radiographic findings are most important for diagnosing transmigrated mandibular canines?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Diagnosis relies primarily on radiographic evaluation, especially panoramic radiographs. The position and course of the unerupted canine are assessed to confirm transmigration.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What treatment options are discussed for transmigrated mandibular canines?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"The document presents treatment options in the context of diagnosis and etiology. Options are discussed alongside outcomes reported in the literature and the five presented cases.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},144555,1787704806,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":52,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":130,"read_time":144},13056712833777,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","Case Report  \nTransmigration of Mandibular Canines—A Review of the Literature and a Report of Five Cases  \nSimon Camilleri, MSc, LDSRCS (Eng), MOrth RCS (Eng)a ; Erica Scerri, BChDb  \nAbstract: Transmigration of the mandibular permanent canine is a rare event, the etiology of which isnot clear. We present five cases of transmigrated mandibular canines together with a review of the literature, a discussion of the etiology, and the treatment options. (Angle Orthod 2003;73:753–762.)  \nKey Words: Canine; Mandibular; Ectopic; Transmigration  \nINTRODUCTION  \nFailure of eruption of the mandibular canine is an unusual event. Shah et al1 found eight unerupted mandibular canines in 7886 individuals. Grover and Lorton2 found 11 impacted mandibular canines in 5000 individuals.  \nAn unerupted tooth occasionally migrates to a location some distance away from the site in which it developed, but it usually remains within the same side of the arch. The mandibular permanent canine is the only tooth in the dental arch reported to migrate across the midline. Javid3 found one such case in 1000 students. In doing so, the tooth usually travels along the labial side of the incisor roots and migrates as far as the roots of the first molar on the opposite side.4  \nAndo et al5 were the first to use the term ‘‘transmigration.’’ This seems to be the most appropriate term.6 Tarsitano et al7 defined transmigration as the phenomenon of an unerupted mandibular canine crossing the midline. Javid3 expanded the definition to include cases in which more than half the tooth had passed through the midline. Joshi6 felt that the tendency of a canine to cross the barrier of the mandibular midline suture is a more important consideration than the distance traveled. Moreover, the stage of transmigration of the tooth at the time of examination is a determining factor in the distance traveled.  \na Associate Specialist in Orthodontics, Medical School, University of Malta, Guardamangia, Malta.  \nb House Surgeon, School Dental Clinic, Triq Frangisk Saver Fenech, Floriana VLT, Malta.  \nCorresponding author: Simon Camilleri, MSc, LDSRCS (Eng), MOrth RCS (Eng), Medical School, University of Malta, Guardamangia, Malta  \n(e-mail: [xmun@onvol.net](xmun@onvol.net)).  \nAccepted: January 2003 . Submitted: December 2002 .  \nq 2003 by The EH Angle Education and Research Foundation, Inc.  \nREVIEW OF THE LITERATURE  \nNodine8 has described the condition in prehistoric skulls. Thoma9 appears to have been the first to describe this anomaly in living patients. Subsequently, different authors have described cases of various transmigrated mandibular canines. With the advent of panoramic radiography, reports have been more frequent.3–7,10–32  \nMigrated canines typically remain impacted.3,11,21,27,33–35 Infrequently, they may erupt ectopically at the midline24 or on the opposite side of the arch. 19,20,28,30 Occasionally, transmigrated teeth have erupted into the line of the arch and have been taken for supplemental canines.20 Caldwell4 and Bruszt30 provided neurological evidence that the canines did not develop in the region in which they were found but had migrated there from a position in or near their correct developmental site. Surgical removal of the tooth with an inferior dental nerve block on the migrated side caused pain. Once the contralateral side was blocked, pain ceased. This confirmed the origin of the tooth because it maintained its nerve supply from the original side.4,19,20,27,30,35 Furthermore, though both mandibular canines were found on the same side of the mandible, their morphology suggested that they belonged to opposite sides of the lower jaw because the teeth are mirror images of each other.19,20,27,30,32  \nAndo et al5 demonstrated the transmigration of a mandibular canine across the mandibular symphysis to the opposite side of the dental arch by serial radiographs taken over several years. Greenberg and Orlian,27 over a 30-month period, followed the transmigration of a normall","cbCaieLj6Vs3Z2jr","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaieLj6Vs3Z2jr","pdf",366060,"English","# Introduction\n## Failure of mandibular canine eruption and migration across the midline\n# Review of the Literature\n## Historical reports and radiographic increase in case documentation\n## Typical presentation and reported variants\n## Diagnostic approach and associated complications\n# Etiology of Transmigrated Mandibular Canines\n## Proposed contributing factors and mechanisms","[{\"question\":\"Why is mandibular canine transmigration considered rare, and what is known about its etiology?\",\"answer\":\"Mandibular permanent canine transmigration is rare, and the exact etiology remains unclear. Multiple factors have been suggested, but no single mechanism fully explains all cases.\"},{\"question\":\"What radiographic findings are most important for diagnosing transmigrated mandibular canines?\",\"answer\":\"Diagnosis relies primarily on radiographic evaluation, especially panoramic radiographs. The position and course of the unerupted canine are assessed to confirm transmigration.\"},{\"question\":\"What treatment options are discussed for transmigrated mandibular canines?\",\"answer\":\"The document presents treatment options in the context of diagnosis and etiology. Options are discussed alongside outcomes reported in the literature and the five presented cases.\"}]","Transmigration of Mandibular Canines - A Review of the Literature and a Report of Five Cases | PDF",25]