[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-153794-en":3,"doc-seo-153794-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":11,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":27,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},153794,8796095462418,"Noah","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/80000253c1241d02b47?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1778826106357471780",2,"Literature","Transliterated Dictionary of the Russian Language","A transliterated Russian–English dictionary designed to help scholars and educated lay readers work with Cyrillic texts by converting them into Roman-script equivalents. It explains transliteration as systematic character-by-character replacement, motivated by difficulties encountered using Russian materials and dictionary ordering in the Cyrillic alphabet. The work includes dual conversion tables for fast Cyrillic-to-Roman transliteration and Roman-order lookup in a Russian–English section, plus an English-to-Russian route for reconstructing Cyrillic forms.","Transliterated Dictionary of the Russian Lang11ageEugene Garfield,Editor  \nContents  \nUser's Guide.  \nContent of Major Sections                      ......Grammar..................................................................x  \nEnglish-Transliterated Russian Section..  \n# Introductionand Acknowledgments\n\nThis unconventional dictionary is designed to help scholars and educated lay persons ofall types to deal with a variety of Cyrillic texts.For the librarian,this may mean bibliographiccitations.For the scientist it may be a journal article.For the tourist it may be a poster,a sign,or a spoken word.  \nWhatever its application,the dictionary results from my long-term interest in the translit-eration of non-Roman alphabets.,2 Transliteration is the spelling of words from one languagewith characters from the alphabet of another.Ideally,it is a one-for-one character-by-character replacement.For example,LONDON is the Roman transliteration of the Russianword JIOHJIOH.Publication of this dictionary reflects my conviction that transliterationcan help improve communications between countries that use non-Roman alphabets andthose that do not.  \nThis conviction stems from first-hand knowledge that the Cyrillic alphabet (introduced inthe ninth century by St.Cyril,who combined letters from the Greek and Roman alphabets)presents an obstacle in using the Russian language that is vastly underestimated.I can wellremember the difficulty of using standard Russian-English dictionaries in my recent travelsin the Soviet Union.However,the original inspiration for this dictionary was my frustrationin examining Russian scientific texts printed in Cyrillic.Since I was never able to \"keep up\"with my Russian,the letters of the Cyrillic alphabet were not indelibly fixed in my mind.  \nBut even when I recognized the letters,I faced the frustrating task of dealing with anentirely foreign alphabetic ordering scheme.We learn the order of our alphabet as childrenthrough endless repetitions until we know it by rote.As adults,everyday use of alphabeticallyarranged material reinforces our skill.But this learning approach is not feasible for mostpeople who must deal with Russian.As a result,I know people who can converse in Russianbut still stumble over thé order of the letters in the Cyrillic alphabet.  \nThis dictionary presents solutions to both the problems of letter recognition and letterorder.It contains a dual conversion table that makes it possible to quickly determine theRoman equivalent for any cyrillic letter.In this way,Russian text can be transliterated withminimum effort.In fact,this purely mechanical procedure can even be performed by amachine.The transliterated word may then be found in the Russian-English section of thedictionary,where the Russian words are organized in Roman alphabetical order.  \nWhile this dictionary is designed primarily for reading Russian texts,there is also anEnglish-to-Russian section.When you need the Russian equivalent of an English word,justlook up the word in the English-to-Russian section.This provides the Russian word intransliterated form.You can then use the dual conversion table to reconstruct the transliter-ated word into its Cyrillic form.  \nThe 27th edition of the Akhmanova-Wilson Russian English Dictionary,published by theRussian Language Press,Moscow,1975 is the main source for the terms included in this firstedition.This approach to word selection is significant because the Akhmanova-Wilsondictionary covers the words most frequently encountered in Russian texts.Nearly one  \nIntroduction and Acknowledgments  \nthousand words of a more technical nature were selected by the ISI staff to supplement thebasic Akhmanova-Wilson list.I also considered the inclusion of other sources of technicalterms such as glossaries and thesauri.However,to serve the widest possible audience,Idecided to reduce the dictionary's size and publish it at a lower cost.  \nIf this dictionary is successful,I hope to supplement this first editi","cbCaigbLxalC3zgG","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaigbLxalC3zgG","pdf",2140886,1,8,"English","en",105,"# Introduction and Acknowledgments\n## Purpose and audience\n## What transliteration means\n## Why Cyrillic ordering is difficult\n## Dual conversion tables and lookup workflow\n## Sources for included terms\n## Expected benefits and future expansion\n## Acknowledgments","[{\"question\":\"What problem does the transliterated dictionary aim to solve?\",\"answer\":\"It addresses difficulties in recognizing Cyrillic letters and in handling the non-Roman alphabetic ordering when reading Russian texts.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the dual conversion table help users?\",\"answer\":\"It lets users quickly determine the Roman equivalent of any Cyrillic letter, enabling Cyrillic text to be transliterated with minimal effort and then looked up in Roman alphabetical order.\"},{\"question\":\"How can an English word be used to obtain its Russian form?\",\"answer\":\"Look up the English word in the English-to-Russian section to get the transliterated Russian word, then use the dual conversion table to reconstruct the Cyrillic spelling.\"}]","Transliterated Dictionary of the Russian Language | 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problem does the transliterated dictionary aim to solve?","Question",{"text":75,"@type":76},"It addresses difficulties in recognizing Cyrillic letters and in handling the non-Roman alphabetic ordering when reading Russian texts.","Answer",{"name":78,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":79},"How does the dual conversion table help users?",{"text":80,"@type":76},"It lets users quickly determine the Roman equivalent of any Cyrillic letter, enabling Cyrillic text to be transliterated with minimal effort and then looked up in Roman alphabetical order.",{"name":82,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":83},"How can an English word be used to obtain its Russian form?",{"text":84,"@type":76},"Look up the English word in the English-to-Russian section to get the transliterated Russian word, then use the dual conversion table to reconstruct the Cyrillic 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