[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-338935-en":3,"doc-seo-338935-105":31,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":99},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":28,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":29,"read_time":30},338935,549758146520,"Patrick","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/80002397d8c0411e94?_k=1775819394049821470",7,"Healthcare","Translational and oncologic significance of tertiary lymphoid structures in pancreatic adenocarcinoma","Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive cancer with poor survival and limited effective therapies, and its resistance to immunotherapy is linked to an immunosuppressive tumor immune microenvironment (TiME). Despite heterogeneity within the PDAC TiME, favorable tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte populations can exist. Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are organized immune cell aggregates arising under chronic inflammation, and their anatomical features may influence survival and treatment response. This review summarizes TLS anatomy, key features, immune effects, translational relevance, and future directions in PDAC.","TYPE Review  \nPUBLISHED 01 February 2024  \nDOI 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1324093  \nOPEN ACCESS  \nEDITED BY Hui Zhao,  \nUniversity of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, United States  \nREVIEWED BY Feng Wei,  \nTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, China  \nAnthony B. Rodriguez,  \nUniversity of Virginia, United States  \n*CORRESPONDENCE  \nE. Ramsay Camp  \n [Ramsay.Camp@bcm.edu](Ramsay.Camp@bcm.edu)  \nRECEIVED 18 October 2023  \nACCEPTED 11 January 2024  \nPUBLISHED 01 February 2024  \nCITATION  \nGao Z, Azar J, Zhu H, Williams-Perez S, Kang SW, Marginean C, Rubinstein MP, Makawita S, Lee H-S and Camp ER (2024)  \nTranslational and oncologic significance of tertiary lymphoid structures in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.  \nFront. Immunol. 15:1324093 .  \ndoi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1324093  \nCOPYRIGHT  \n© 2024 Gao, Azar, Zhu, Williams-Perez, Kang, Marginean, Rubinstein, Makawita, Lee and Camp. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) . The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.  \nTranslational and oncologic significance of tertiary lymphoid structures in pancreatic adenocarcinoma  \nZachary Gao1, Joseph Azar 2, Huili Zhu 1,  \nSophia Williams-Perez 1, Sung Wook Kang 1,3,4, Celia Marginean 1, Mark P. Rubinstein 2, Shalini Makawita 1, Hyun-Sung Lee 1,3,4 and E. Ramsay Camp1,3,5*  \n1 Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States, 2The Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, United States, 3 Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States, 4Systems Onco-Immunology Laboratory, David J. Sugarbaker Division of Thoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States, 5 Baylor College of Medicine, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States  \nPancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive tumor with poor survival and limited treatment options. PDAC resistance to immunotherapeutic strategies is multifactorial, but partially owed to an immunosuppressive tumor immune microenvironment (TiME) . However, the PDAC TiME is heterogeneous and harbors favorable tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) populations. Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are organized aggregates of immune cells that develop within non-lymphoid tissue under chronic inflammation in multiple contexts, including cancers. Our current understanding of their role within the PDAC TiME remains limited; TLS are complex structures with multiple anatomic features such as location, density, and maturity that may impact clinical outcomes such as survival and therapy response in PDAC. Similarly, our understanding of methods to manipulate TLS is an actively developing field of research. TLS may function as anti-tumoral immune niches that can be leveragedas a therapeutic strategy to potentiate both existing chemotherapeutic regimensand potentiate future immune-based therapeutic strategies to improve patient outcomes. This review seeks to cover anatomy, relevant features, immune effects, translational significance, and future directions of understanding TLS within the context of PDAC.  \nKEYWORDS  \ntertiary lymphoid structures, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer, translational ability, immune microenvironment  \nFrontiers in Immunology 01 [frontiersin.org](frontiersin.org)  \n1 Introduction  \nAlthough pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) accounts for approximately 3% of all cancer in the US, it is projected to become the 2nd leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the US by 2030 (1) . The prognosis for ","cbCaifwMIvIxwfim","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaifwMIvIxwfim","pdf",2509288,11,1,13,"English","en",105,"# Introduction\n## Pancreatic adenocarcinoma burden and immunotherapy limitations\n## Tumor immune microenvironment heterogeneity and immunosuppression\n## Need for spatial immune architecture\n## Role of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS)","[{\"question\":\"Why is immunotherapy largely ineffective in pancreatic adenocarcinoma?\",\"answer\":\"Immunotherapy failure is linked to PDAC’s immunosuppressive tumor immune microenvironment (TiME), which includes multiple suppressive cell populations and contributes to impaired cytotoxic T-cell priming and function.\"},{\"question\":\"What are tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) in PDAC?\",\"answer\":\"TLS are organized aggregates of immune cells that develop within non-lymphoid tissue under chronic inflammation, including in cancers, and they have multiple anatomical features such as location, density, and maturity.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the review aim to cover about TLS in pancreatic adenocarcinoma?\",\"answer\":\"The review addresses TLS anatomy, relevant features, immune effects, translational significance, and future research directions within the context of PDAC.\"}]","Translational and oncologic significance of tertiary lymphoid structures in pancreatic adenocarcinoma | PDF",1790026629,33,{"code":4,"msg":32,"data":33},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":34,"title":13,"keywords":35,"description":14,"schema_data":36,"social_meta":93,"head_meta":95,"extra_data":97,"updated_unix":98},"translational-and-oncologic-significance-of-tertiary-lymphoid-structures-in-pancreatic-adenocarcinoma","",{"@graph":37,"@context":92},[38,55,75],{"@type":39,"itemListElement":40},"BreadcrumbList",[41,45,49,52],{"item":42,"name":43,"@type":44,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":46,"name":47,"@type":44,"position":48},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":50,"name":12,"@type":44,"position":51},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":53,"name":13,"@type":44,"position":54},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/translational-and-oncologic-significance-of-tertiary-lymphoid-structures-in-pancreatic-adenocarcinoma/338935/",4,{"url":53,"name":13,"@type":56,"image":57,"author":62,"headline":13,"publisher":64,"fileFormat":67,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":68,"datePublished":69,"encodingFormat":67,"isAccessibleForFree":70,"interactionStatistic":71},"DigitalDocument",{"url":58,"@type":59,"width":60,"height":61},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/translational-and-oncologic-significance-of-tertiary-lymphoid-structures-in-pancreatic-adenocarcinoma/338935.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":9,"@type":63},"Person",{"url":42,"name":65,"@type":66},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":72,"interactionType":73,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":74},"ViewAction",{"@type":76,"mainEntity":77},"FAQPage",[78,84,88],{"name":79,"@type":80,"acceptedAnswer":81},"Why is immunotherapy largely ineffective in pancreatic adenocarcinoma?","Question",{"text":82,"@type":83},"Immunotherapy failure is linked to PDAC’s immunosuppressive tumor immune microenvironment (TiME), which includes multiple suppressive cell populations and contributes to impaired cytotoxic T-cell priming and function.","Answer",{"name":85,"@type":80,"acceptedAnswer":86},"What are tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) in PDAC?",{"text":87,"@type":83},"TLS are organized aggregates of immune cells that develop within non-lymphoid tissue under chronic inflammation, including in cancers, and they have multiple anatomical features such as location, density, and maturity.",{"name":89,"@type":80,"acceptedAnswer":90},"What does the review aim to cover about TLS in pancreatic adenocarcinoma?",{"text":91,"@type":83},"The review addresses TLS anatomy, relevant features, immune effects, translational significance, and future research directions within the context of PDAC.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":53,"og:type":94,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":65,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":96,"canonical":53},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":25},1790234040,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":100},[101,105,109,113,118,123,126,131,136,139,143],{"id":21,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":48,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":106,"show_sort_weight":107,"slug":108},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":54,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":110,"show_sort_weight":111,"slug":112},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":114,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":115,"show_sort_weight":116,"slug":117},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":119,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":121,"slug":122},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":124,"slug":125},40,"healthcare",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":129,"slug":130},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":132,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":133,"show_sort_weight":134,"slug":135},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":134,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":137,"show_sort_weight":134,"slug":138},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":140,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":141,"show_sort_weight":140,"slug":142},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":144,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":145,"show_sort_weight":114,"slug":146},19,"General","general"]