[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-92608-en":3,"doc-seo-92608-105":29,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":27,"read_time":28},92608,7971461740909,"Levi","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d",8,"Research & Report","Translating Science Vocabulary into Minority Languages - A guide for translating What is Climate Change? and What is Sustainability?","Guide focused on translating science-related vocabulary for minority language readers, especially for educational use around climate change, ecology, and sustainability. Explains how to build a list of key terms from the source texts, ensure translators understand each concept before translating, and choose approaches based on audience familiarity and cultural context. Presents practical strategies such as using existing local words, adapting meaning with more familiar terms, employing short descriptive phrases, and incorporating borrowed majority-language vocabulary with localized spelling and pronunciation.","Translating Science Vocabulary into Minority Languages  \nA guide for translating What is Climate Change?  \nand  \nWhat is Sustainability?  \nEnglish  \nTranslating Science Vocabulary into Minority  \nLanguages  \nA guide for translating What is Climate Change?  \nand What is Sustainability?  \nby Christy Hemphill  \nEnglish  \nYou can copy, modify, and distribute this work, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission.  \nMany minority language communities are requesting translated reading material about climate change, ecology, and sustainability to use in schools and community development projects.  \nThe special vocabulary used to talk about sciencerelated topics can be challenging for translators.  \nThis guide presents some strategies for translating the science-related terms in the Bloom books, What is Climate Change? And What is Sustainability?.  \nThese strategies can be applied to adapting other science-related reading material for minority language contexts.  \n1. Start by making a list of the “key terms” in the document you wish to translate .  \nThis list should include all of the words that are introduced as new vocabulary words (words with de̊nitions or explanations given in the text), as well as all the words that label concepts that may be unfamiliar to the readers.  \nWe have provided a list of key terms from the books What is Climate Change? and What is Sustainability? at the end of this guide.  \nDepending on the cultural context and language of the intended audience, you may need to add to or change the lists provided. Each document you translate will have its own list of key terms used. Over time, you can compile a master list of science-related vocabulary to aid in the translation of science-related materials.  \n2. Make sure you understand the meaning of the word before you try to translate it .  \nYou may need to read some explanations from a science book or website to better understand the concept and how the word is used in science-related materials.  \n3. Identify the words on the list that have possible translations that use words that are already common in your language.  \nFor example, many languages have an existing word or phrase that could be used to translate words like\"wild̊re,\" \"drought,\" \"irrigation,\" or \"pollution. \"  \nEven if the concept represented by the local vocabulary word is somewhat di̜erent from the concept represented by the science vocabulary word you are translating, it is often best to use a word that people already know.  \nIt is often easier to teach people to use a familiar word in a more expanded or technical way than it is to teach them to use a new or unfamiliar word.  \nFor example, a word like particle could be translated with a familiar word for “dust” or “sand” or “very small thing,” and people could be taught to use this familiar word in the scienti̊c sense of particle in addition to the ways they normally use the word.  \nSometimes the concept/word in your language is more speci̊c or more general than the concept/word in the science-related text you are translating. You may need to add an adjective to create a more speci̊c term, or use two words together to create a more general term.  \nFor example, you may use two words together, one for“farming” and one for “herding,” to translate the more general idea of \"agriculture. \" Or you may have a general word for reusing something that could translate \"recycle,\" but you may want to make it more speci̊c with another word that clari̊es that recycling is reusing what would otherwise be thrown away.  \n4. Identify the words on the list that could be translated using a short descriptive phrase in your language.  \nKeep in mind that translated texts that employ too many descriptive phrases to replace single words in the source text can become very hard to read, especially if the translated descriptive phrases use many words.  \nIt is not necessary to put an entire de̊nition into the descriptive phrase you use to translate a term. 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