[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-593391-105":59,"doc-detail-593391-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","transitions-and-re-engagement-through-second-chance-education-volume-32-issue-3","Transitions and Re-engagement through Second Chance Education - Volume 32 - Issue 3","","School non-completion remains a major policy and practice concern in Australia, with about one in three students leaving before completing Year 12. The paper examines key drivers that increase dropout risk and highlights research showing that some non-completers re-enter education through second chance programs outside school. Using youth transition theories and the ‘risk’ society, it argues for enabling programs such as TAFE and ACE, then critically reviews related Australian policy and international recommendations.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/transitions-and-re-engagement-through-second-chance-education-volume-32-issue-3/593391/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/transitions-and-re-engagement-through-second-chance-education-volume-32-issue-3/593391.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Elsa","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":24},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why is school non-completion still a concern in Australia?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Non-completion continues to concern policymakers and practitioners because large numbers of students drop out before completing Year 12, with little significant change in recent years.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What does the paper mean by a 'non-completer'?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"A 'non-completer' is any student who has not completed Year 12, including early leavers, late leavers, and those who drop out during Year 12 without secondary graduation.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How does the paper justify second chance education?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"It links second chance education to youth transition theories, arguing that re-entry is an act of agency for restoring educational and personal identities, and it examines how TAFE and ACE enabling programs meet this cohort’s needs.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},593391,1792623222,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":24,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},137455077381,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_994ba38a5ba835b3df7d355c54d3ed8d","Transitions and Re-engagement through Second Chance Education  \nSharon Ross and Jan Gray  \nEdith Cowan University  \nAbstract  \nThe issue of school non-completion continues to be a matter of concern for policymakers and practitioners in Australia today. Despite the efforts of governments and school systems to improve participation and retention rates, often one in three students drop out of school before completing Year 12. Major factors influence non-completion and militate against young people remaining at school. Findings from recent research indicate that some non-completers choose to re-enter education through second chance programs outside the school environment. The argument for second chance education presented in this paper is developed within the context of the ‘risk’ society and in relation to recent theories of youth transitions.  \nThe need for a ‘second chance’ is justified in relation to recent theories of youth transitions, which suggest that re-entry into second chance education is a personal act of agency through which young people struggle to reclaim successful personal and educational identities amidst the constraints and hazards in their daily lives. Based on the findings that increasing numbers of non-completers are enrolling in TAFE second chance programs, these enabling programs are considered as a means of addressing the needs of this cohort. Educational policy in Australia related to second chance education is critically examined in light of international programs and recommendations for change are made.  \nIntroduction  \nIn the context of recent studies on non-completion of school and contemporary theories of youth transitions the relevance of second chance education in Australia is worthy of re-consideration. In May 2001, 31.85% of 15 to 24 year olds enrolled in secondary school in the previous year were non-completers. This translates into 86,000 of the total 270,000-student population (ABS 2001) . In recent years there has  \nThe Australian Educational Researcher, Volume 32, Number 3, December 2005 •103  \nSHARON ROSS AND JAN GRAY  \nbeen no significant change in the numbers of non-completers, which are proportionately high compared to other OECD countries. As a group they persist and continue to be a source of concern to educational policy makers and practitioners (Lamb, Dwyer & Wyn 2000, Lamb, Long & Baldwin 2002, Lamb, Walstab, Teese, Vickers & Rumberger 2004) .  \nResearch has established that the number of years of education and/or training is a significant predictor of future employment. In the case of non-completers, their vulnerability to economic and social change is greater because of their limited amount of schooling (Business Council of Australia 2003, Lamb et al 2000, Lamb et al 2004, Lamb & McKenzie 2001, Lamb & Rumberger 1999, McMillan & Marks 2003) . Ignored for the most part by policy makers, this small but socially significant group of young people are through their own volition seeking re-entry into education through second chance programs in TAFE (technical and further education) and ACE (adult community education) settings. Recent findings from a small body of literature show that many of these young people successfully complete a second chance or ‘enabling’course and make effective transitions to further education and/or employment (Dawe 2004, Ferber 1999, McFadden 1996, Phan & Ball 2001, Smyth & Hattam 2004, Spierings 2003, Te Riele 2000, Wyn, Stokes & Tyler 2004) .  \nThe notion of ‘second chance’ is strongly supported by recent theories of transition in the field of youth studies research. The traditional, linear, uni-dimensional models based on age or school to work transition are considered inadequate as they fail to capture the complexities of youth transitions in the post-modern era. Recent views of youth transitions as multidimensional, circular processes are gaining prominence. They include other kinds of transition such as moving away from home, movement from one relationsh","cbCaisPhGVhaxnWU","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaisPhGVhaxnWU","pdf",201266,38,"English","# Introduction\n## Defining the term 'non-completer'\n## Factors influencing non-completion","[{\"question\":\"Why is school non-completion still a concern in Australia?\",\"answer\":\"Non-completion continues to concern policymakers and practitioners because large numbers of students drop out before completing Year 12, with little significant change in recent years.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the paper mean by a 'non-completer'?\",\"answer\":\"A 'non-completer' is any student who has not completed Year 12, including early leavers, late leavers, and those who drop out during Year 12 without secondary graduation.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the paper justify second chance education?\",\"answer\":\"It links second chance education to youth transition theories, arguing that re-entry is an act of agency for restoring educational and personal identities, and it examines how TAFE and ACE enabling programs meet this cohort’s needs.\"}]","Transitions and Re-engagement through Second Chance Education - Volume 32 - Issue 3 | PDF",1792077174,96]