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Patients typically require complex surgery and chemotherapy, followed by maintenance therapy. While some cases relate to genetic syndromes, key risk factors and etiology often remain unclear. HGSOC tumors show frequent somatic copy-number alterations and homologous recombination repair defects, with screening efforts to date unsuccessful. The review covers etiology, epidemiology, classification, pathogenesis, treatment strategies, tumor microenvironment, and the importance of patient perspective and diversity to improve quality of life.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/transforming-treatment-paradigms-focus-on-personalized-medicine-for-high-grade-serous-ovarian-cancer/372675/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/transforming-treatment-paradigms-focus-on-personalized-medicine-for-high-grade-serous-ovarian-cancer/372675.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Elsa","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-27","2026-09-23",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"Why are most patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer diagnosed at advanced stages?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"Early disease is often asymptomatic, so symptoms are vague and nonspecific. This contributes to diagnostic delays until the cancer has spread.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"What molecular features characterize HGSOC tumors?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"HGSOC commonly shows somatic gene copy number alterations and defects in homologous recombination repair of DNA.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"How does the review propose improving treatment outcomes for HGSOC?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"By integrating molecular understanding to enable targeted therapies and personalized multimodal treatment approaches. The review also emphasizes the tumor microenvironment and incorporating the patient’s perspective and diversity into decision-making.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},372675,1790223252,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":146},137455077381,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_994ba38a5ba835b3df7d355c54d3ed8d","DOI: 10. 3322/caac.70008  \nREVIEW ARTICLE  \nTransforming treatment paradigms: Focus on personalized medicine for high-grade serous ovarian cancer  \nPawel Kordowitzki DVM, PhD1,2,3  | Britta Lange PhD4 |  \nKevin M. Elias MD, PhD5  | Marcia C. Haigis PhD2  | Sylvia Mechsner MD, PhD3  | Ioana Elena Braicu MD, PhD3  | Jalid Sehouli MD, PhD3   \n1Department of Preclinical and Basic Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland 2Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA 3Department of Gynecology, Center of Oncological Surgery, European Competence Center for Ovarian Cancer, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany  \n4 Institute for Cultural Studies, HumboldtUniversität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany 5Section of Gynecologic Oncology, Obstetricsand Gynecology Institute, Taussig Cancer Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA  \nCorrespondence  \nJalid Sehouli, Department of Gynecology, Center of Oncological Surgery, European Competence Center for Ovarian Cancer, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin 10117, Germany.  \nEmail: [jalid.sehouli@charite.de](jalid.sehouli@charite.de)  \nFunding information  \nNicolaus Copernicus University “Excellence Initiative-Research University” IDUB Program Mobility, Grant/Award Number: 75/2022  \nAbstract  \nHigh-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most common and aggressive subtype of ovarian cancer, accounting for approximately 70% of all ovarian cancer cases and contributing significantly to the high mortality rates associated with this disease. Because of the asymptomatic nature of early stage disease, most patients are diagnosed at advanced stages when the cancer has already spread into the abdominal cavity, requiring complex and intensive surgical and chemotherapeutic interventions followed by maintenance therapies. Although a minority of cases are associated with well defined genetic syndromes, specific risk factors and a clear etiology in many cases remain elusive. HGSOC tumors are characterized by a high frequency of somatic gene copy number alterations, often associated with defects in homologous recombination repair of DNA. All attempts to introduce an effective screening for HGSOC to date have been unsuccessful. This review elucidates the complexities surrounding HGSOC and encompasses its etiology, epidemiology, classification, pathogenesis, and the current array of treatment strategies. Understanding molecular underpinnings is crucial for the development of targeted therapies and personalized multimodal treatment approaches in centralized therapeutic structures. This review also examines the importance of the tumor microenvironment. In addition, the authors' objective is to underscore the critical importance of placing the patient's perspective and diversity at the forefront of therapeutic strategies, thereby fostering a genuinely participatory decision-making process and ultimately improving patient quality of life.  \nKEYWORDS  \ndiversity, high-grade serous ovarian cancer, personalized medicine, quality of life, treatment, tumor microenvironment  \nThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.  \n© 2025 The Author(s). CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Cancer Society.  \nINTRODUCTION  \nHigh-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) stands as the most prevalent and deadly subtype among ovarian malignancies, characterized by its aggressive nature and high recurrence rates. HGSOC is one of the most common gynecologic malignancies in women worldwide and, among common gynecologic tumors, carries the highest case lethality.1–3 According to the American Cancer Society, in 2024, there will ","cbCaivrvYofeV034","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaivrvYofeV034","pdf",3769054,25,"English","# Introduction\n# Abstract\n# Keywords","[{\"question\":\"Why are most patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer diagnosed at advanced stages?\",\"answer\":\"Early disease is often asymptomatic, so symptoms are vague and nonspecific. This contributes to diagnostic delays until the cancer has spread.\"},{\"question\":\"What molecular features characterize HGSOC tumors?\",\"answer\":\"HGSOC commonly shows somatic gene copy number alterations and defects in homologous recombination repair of DNA.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the review propose improving treatment outcomes for HGSOC?\",\"answer\":\"By integrating molecular understanding to enable targeted therapies and personalized multimodal treatment approaches. The review also emphasizes the tumor microenvironment and incorporating the patient’s perspective and diversity into decision-making.\"}]","Transforming treatment paradigms - Focus on personalized medicine for high-grade serous ovarian cancer | PDF",1790195099,63]