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Using transcriptomic data from 638 CRC and 51 normal controls, researchers identified 3,230 PFC-associated genes and prioritized prognostic candidates through differential expression, enrichment, and PPI analyses. A LASSO model (PRAME, CDKN2A, STC2) was validated with Kaplan–Meier and ROC analyses, and MR plus experiments supported STC2 as a mediator linking PFC exposure to CRC risk, including PFOA-driven STC2 upregulation.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/transcriptomics-and-mendelian-randomization-studies-reveal-the-critical-role-of-stanniocalcin-2-in-linking-perfluorinated-compound-exposure-to-colorectal-cancer/355689/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/transcriptomics-and-mendelian-randomization-studies-reveal-the-critical-role-of-stanniocalcin-2-in-linking-perfluorinated-compound-exposure-to-colorectal-cancer/355689.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Rizky","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-26","2026-09-22",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":81},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What was the study designed to identify for colorectal cancer patients?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To identify central prognostic biomarkers related to perfluorinated compound (PFC) exposure and to construct a CRC prognostic risk model based on transcriptomic data.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were prognosis-related genes selected from transcriptomic data?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The study analyzed transcriptome differences between CRC and normal controls, performed functional enrichment, and built a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network to find candidate genes tied to CRC prognosis.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What evidence supports Stanniocalcin-2 (STC2) as a mediator between PFC exposure and CRC risk?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Two-step Mendelian randomization showed increased CRC risk with genetic risk for PFOA and PFOS exposure, and STC2 partially explained the mediating effect; in vitro experiments further showed PFOA upregulates STC2 transcription in CRC cells.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},355689,1790196282,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":81,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},962085564807,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","TYPE Original Research PUBLISHED 28 April 2026  \nDOI 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1768633  \nOPEN ACCESS  \nEDITED BY  \nRicardo Assunção,  \nNational Health Institute Doutor Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Portugal  \nREVIEWED BY  \nShang Zhihao,  \nBeijing University of Chinese Medicine, China  \nKai Liu,  \nNational Center For Occupational Safety And Health, China  \n*CORRESPONDENCE  \nRui Zhang  \n [zhangrui1981@hebmu.edu.cn](zhangrui1981@hebmu.edu.cn)[ ](zhangrui1981@hebmu.edu.cn)Shunjiang Xu  \n [xushunjiang@hebmu.edu.cn](xushunjiang@hebmu.edu.cn)  \n†These authors have contributed equally to this work  \nRECEIVED 16 December 2025  \nREVISED 27 March 2026  \nACCEPTED 07 April 2026  \nPUBLISHED 28 April 2026  \nCITATION  \nLi B, Yang Q, Wu J, Zheng J, Zhao N, Gao Z, Luo Y, Zhang R and Xu S (2026) Transcriptomics and Mendelian randomization studies reveal the critical role of Stanniocalcin-2 in linking perfluorinated compound-exposure to colorectal cancer.  \nFront. Public Health 14:1768633 .  \ndoi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1768633  \nCOPYRIGHT  \n© 2026 Li, Yang, Wu, Zheng, Zhao, Gao, Luo, Zhang and Xu. This is an  \nopen-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) . The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.  \nTranscriptomics and Mendelian randomization studies reveal the critical role of Stanniocalcin-2 in linking perfluorinated compound-exposure to colorectal cancer  \nBingxin Li 1 , 2†, Qianqian Yang3†, Jianghui Wu 2,4, Jiahui Zheng 5, Na Zhao 1 ,6, Zhaoyu Gao 1 ,6, Yang Luo 1 ,6, Rui Zhang1 ,6* and Shunjiang Xu1 ,6*  \n1Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China, 2Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China, 3Clinical Pharmacy Department, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China, 4Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Shijiazhuang, China, 5Department of Information and Computing Science, Jinan University – University of Birmingham Joint Institute at Jinan University, Guangzhou, China, 6Hebei Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Psychiatric-Psychologic Disease, Shijiazhuang, China  \nColorectal carcinoma (CRC) represents a major gastrointestinal malignancy with substantial global incidence, marked by elevated morbidity and mortality rates. Despite advancements in treatment, there is still considerable variation in prognosis, particularly with high recurrence rates, emphasizing the need for more precise prognostic tools. The present study is aimed at identifying central prognostic biomarkers linked to perfluorinated compound (PFCs) exposure and construct a prognostic risk model for CRC based on transcriptomic data. We analyzed transcriptome data from 638 CRC samples and 51 normal control samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, then identified a total of 3,230 PFC-associated genes. Candidate genes related to CRC prognosis were found by analyzing differences in gene expression, doing functional enrichment, and building a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network. We built a LASSO model with PRAME, CDKN2A, and STC2 and checked it using Kaplan–Meier analysis and ROC curves over time, while STC2 was further identified as the key mediator linking PFC exposure to CRC risk based on Mendelian randomization and experimental validation. This model could put patients into high-risk or low-risk groups, which gives doctors a new tool to plan personalized treatments. We also checked the immune setting, tumor mutation load, and likely response to immunotherapy, which further proved the model’s usefulness in the clinic. A Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis in two steps showed that higher levels of ge","cbCaihXgiSkvyUKb","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaihXgiSkvyUKb","pdf",12237377,22,"English","# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What was the study designed to identify for colorectal cancer patients?\",\"answer\":\"To identify central prognostic biomarkers related to perfluorinated compound (PFC) exposure and to construct a CRC prognostic risk model based on transcriptomic data.\"},{\"question\":\"How were prognosis-related genes selected from transcriptomic data?\",\"answer\":\"The study analyzed transcriptome differences between CRC and normal controls, performed functional enrichment, and built a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network to find candidate genes tied to CRC prognosis.\"},{\"question\":\"What evidence supports Stanniocalcin-2 (STC2) as a mediator between PFC exposure and CRC risk?\",\"answer\":\"Two-step Mendelian randomization showed increased CRC risk with genetic risk for PFOA and PFOS exposure, and STC2 partially explained the mediating effect; in vitro experiments further showed PFOA upregulates STC2 transcription in CRC cells.\"}]","Transcriptomics and Mendelian randomization studies reveal the critical role of Stanniocalcin-2 in linking perfluorinated compound-exposure to colorectal cancer | PDF",1790120508,55]