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Secondary outcomes from a randomized controlled trial evaluate changes in breast mRNA expression after mifepristone treatment in healthy premenopausal women. Thirty-two paired breast biopsies from sixteen participants were analyzed at baseline and after two months. Twenty-seven differentially expressed genes emerged, enriched for extracellular matrix remodeling, and the in vivo mifepristone signature resembled an in vitro signature. The signature related to breast carcinogenesis and correlated with progesterone receptor status in cancer, validated using TCGA via the R2 platform. This study is among the first to map the breast transcriptome after mifepristone in vivo in normal tissue, clarifying progesterone receptor antagonism and potential protection against breast cancer.",{"@graph":69,"@context":126},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/transcriptomic-profile-of-breast-tissue-of-premenopausal-women-following-treatment-with-progesterone-receptor-modulator-secondary-outcomes-of-a-randomized-controlled-trial/331020/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/transcriptomic-profile-of-breast-tissue-of-premenopausal-women-following-treatment-with-progesterone-receptor-modulator-secondary-outcomes-of-a-randomized-controlled-trial/331020.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Liam","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-07","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118,122],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the study’s main focus and treatment approach?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study examines secondary outcomes from a randomized controlled trial assessing how mifepristone treatment changes breast mRNA expression in healthy premenopausal women.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How many breast biopsies and participants were analyzed?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The analysis included 32 paired breast biopsies collected from 16 women at baseline and after two months of mifepristone treatment.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What did the researchers find about differentially expressed genes?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The study identified 27 differentially expressed genes, with enriched biological functions related to extracellular matrix remodeling.",{"name":123,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":124},"How is the gene expression signature linked to breast cancer risk and progesterone receptor status?",{"text":125,"@type":113},"The altered signature associated with breast carcinogenesis and correlated with progesterone receptor expression status in breast cancer, validated using the TCGA dataset through the R2 platform.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":128,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":130,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":132,"site_id":62},331020,1790180316,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":135},{"doc_id":132,"user_id":136,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":137,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":138,"file_id":139,"file_url":140,"file_type":141,"file_size":142,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":143,"language":144,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":145,"faqs":146,"seo_title":147,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":148,"read_time":149,"preview_page_count":4},8796095461564,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Article  \nTranscriptomic Profile of Breast Tissue of Premenopausal Women Following Treatment with Progesterone Receptor Modulator: Secondary Outcomes of a Randomized Controlled Trial  \nDeborah Utjés 1,2,†, Nageswara Rao Boggavarapu 1,†, Mohammed Fatih Rasul 1,3, Isabelle Koberg 1, Alexander Zulliger 1, Sakthivignesh Ponandai-Srinivasan 1, Carolina von Grothusen 1, Parameswaran Grace Lalitkumar 1, Kiriaki Papaikonomou 1,2, Twana Alkasalias 1,4, *,‡ and Kristina Gemzell-Danielsson 1,2,5,‡  \nCitation: Utjés, D.; Boggavarapu, N.R.; Rasul, M.F.; Koberg, I.; Zulliger, A.; Ponandai-Srinivasan, S.; von Grothusen, C.; Lalitkumar, P.G.; Papaikonomou, K.; Alkasalias, T.; et al. Transcriptomic Profile of Breast Tissue of Premenopausal Women Following Treatment with Progesterone Receptor Modulator: Secondary Outcomes of a Randomized Controlled Trial. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 7590. [https://](https://)[ ](https://)[doi.org/10.3390/ijms25147590](doi.org/10.3390/ijms25147590)  \nAcademic Editors: Alfredo Ciccodicola, Amelia Casamassimi and Monica Rienzo  \nReceived: 28 May 2024  \nRevised: 19 June 2024  \nAccepted: 22 June 2024  \nPublished: 10 July 2024  \nCopyright: © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) .  \n1 Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; [deborah.utjes@ki.se](deborah.utjes@ki.se) (D.U.); [nageswara.boggavarapu@ki.se](nageswara.boggavarapu@ki.se) (N.R.B.); [mohammed.rasul@ki.se](mohammed.rasul@ki.se) (M.F.R.); [ik@koberg.net](ik@koberg.net) (I.K.); [alexander.zulliger@ki.se](alexander.zulliger@ki.se) (A.Z.); [sakthi.ponandai.srinivasan@gmail.com](sakthi.ponandai.srinivasan@gmail.com) (S.P.-S.); [carolina.grothusen@gmail.com](carolina.grothusen@gmail.com) (C.v.G.); [lalit.kumar@ki.se](lalit.kumar@ki.se) (P.G.L.); [kiriaki.papaikonomou@ki.se](kiriaki.papaikonomou@ki.se) (K.P.); [kristina.gemzell@ki.se](kristina.gemzell@ki.se) (K.G.-D.)  \n2 Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital,  \n141 57 Stockholm, Sweden  \n3 Department of Pharmaceutical Basic Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Iraq  \n4 General Directorate of Scientific Research Center, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Iraq  \n5 WHO Collaborating Centre, Division of Gynecology and Reproduction, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden  \n* Correspondence: [twana.alkasalias@ki.se](twana.alkasalias@ki.se); Tel.: +46-7-39-5581-29 † These authors contributed equally to this work.  \n‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.  \nAbstract: Progesterone receptor antagonism is gaining attention due to progesterone’s recognized role as a major mitogen in breast tissue. Limited but promising data suggest the potential efficacy of antiprogestins in breast cancer prevention. The present study presents secondary outcomes from a randomized controlled trial and examines changes in breast mRNA expression following mifepristone treatment in healthy premenopausal women. We analyzed 32 paired breast biopsies from 16 women at baseline and after two months of mifepristone treatment. In total, 27 differentially expressed genes were identified, with enriched biological functions related to extracellular matrix remodeling. Notably, the altered gene signature induced by mifepristone in vivo was rather similar to the in vitro signature. Furthermore, this gene expression signature was linked to breast carcinogenesis and notably linked with progesterone receptor expression status in breast cancer, as validated in The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset using the R2 platform. The present study is the first to explore the breast transcriptome following m","cbCaikhZeFrpuXiP","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaikhZeFrpuXiP","pdf",1461689,14,"English","# Abstract\n## Keywords\n## Introduction\n## Results\n## Discussion","[{\"question\":\"What is the study’s main focus and treatment approach?\",\"answer\":\"The study examines secondary outcomes from a randomized controlled trial assessing how mifepristone treatment changes breast mRNA expression in healthy premenopausal women.\"},{\"question\":\"How many breast biopsies and participants were analyzed?\",\"answer\":\"The analysis included 32 paired breast biopsies collected from 16 women at baseline and after two months of mifepristone treatment.\"},{\"question\":\"What did the researchers find about differentially expressed genes?\",\"answer\":\"The study identified 27 differentially expressed genes, with enriched biological functions related to extracellular matrix remodeling.\"},{\"question\":\"How is the gene expression signature linked to breast cancer risk and progesterone receptor status?\",\"answer\":\"The altered signature associated with breast carcinogenesis and correlated with progesterone receptor expression status in breast cancer, validated using the TCGA dataset through the R2 platform.\"}]","Transcriptomic Profile of Breast Tissue of Premenopausal Women Following Treatment with Progesterone Receptor Modulator - Secondary Outcomes of a Randomized Controlled Trial | PDF",1789991117,35]