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With increasing life expectancy, tracking how depressive symptoms evolve in later life is critical. This analysis used national survey data from the Korean Retirement and Income Study (KReIS) to characterize depressive symptom trajectories among community-dwelling older adults. Participants (n=15,103) were followed across six waves (2011-2021) using latent growth mixture models and longitudinal multilevel models, identifying four distinct trajectories.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/trajectories-of-depressive-symptoms-in-older-adults-analysis-of-the-korean-retirement-and-income-study/427019/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/trajectories-of-depressive-symptoms-in-older-adults-analysis-of-the-korean-retirement-and-income-study/427019.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"hdkawk","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-19","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What dataset and waves were used in this trajectory analysis?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study used national survey data from the Korean Retirement and Income Study (KReIS) across six waves from 2011 to 2021, analyzing 15,103 observations from 2,717 older adults.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How many depressive symptom trajectories were identified?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"A four-trajectory model was selected based on best model fit, representing constantly low, constantly high, increasing, and decreasing depressive symptoms.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which factors were linked to depressive symptoms in different trajectory groups?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"In the reducing group, family co-residence, health satisfaction, hobby satisfaction, and relationship satisfaction were negatively associated with depressive symptoms. In the increasing group, health and hobby satisfaction were negatively associated, while medical expenditure was positively associated with depression.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},427019,1790794132,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":14,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":24},3985747859855,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Innovation in Aging, 2025, Vol. 9, No. S2 1263  \nAbstract citation ID: igaf122.4219  \nTRAJECTORIES OF DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN OLDER ADULTS: ANALYSIS OF THE KOREAN RETIREMENT AND INCOME STUDY  \nJin-kyung Lee1, JaeWon Hyun2, Bomgyeol Kim1, Hun Kang2, Hanna Lee2, Seongmi Choi3, and JiYeon Choi2, 1. Yonsei University College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 2. Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 3. Daegu Catholic University, Daegu, Republic of Korea  \nDepressive symptoms are prevalent among older adults. It poses mental health challenges and increases the risks of frailty, disability, and even early mortality. With longer life expectancy, understanding how these symptoms change over time in later life is increasingly important. This analysis aimed to explore characteristics of depressive symptom trajectories among community-dwelling older adults using national survey data, the Korean Retirement and Income Study (KReIS) . We analyzed  \n15,103 data reported by 2,717 older adults (72.77±5.07 years old on average, female: 60.43%) over six waves of the KReIS (2011-2021). As analytic methods, we used a latent growth mixture model (GMM) and longitudinal multilevel models (MLM) . The four-trajectory model is chosen because of its best model fit: Constantly low (71.3%), constantly high (1.8%), increasing (16.3%), and decreasing (10.7%) depressive symptoms.  \n1264 Innovation in Aging, 2025, Vol. 9, No. S2  \nLongitudinal MLM results demonstrate various effects of relevant factors by trajectory group. For example, in the group of reducing depressive symptoms (n = 244), the number of family members living together (β=-.66, p\u003C.05), health satisfaction (β=-2.66, p\u003C.001), hobby satisfaction (β=-.81, p\u003C.05), and relationship satisfaction (β=-1.67, p\u003C.01) were negatively associated with depressive symptoms. On the other hand, in the group of increasing depressive symptoms (n = 411), health satisfaction (β= - 2.34, p\u003C.001) and hobby satisfaction (β=-1.15, p\u003C.001) were negatively associated, whereas the amount of medical expenditure (β=.49, p\u003C.01) was positively related to depression. These results suggest that understanding heterogeneity in longitudinal depressive symptom patterns in older adults can guide efficient interventions. Personal and environmental factors may differ insignificance, but relationship satisfaction appears central across all trajectories.","cbCaifHJPrvS102V","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaifHJPrvS102V","pdf",2176439,"English","# Method and Data\n## Modeling approach\n# Trajectory Findings\n## Four-trajectory model\n# Factors Associated With Trajectories\n## Reducing vs increasing groups","[{\"question\":\"What dataset and waves were used in this trajectory analysis?\",\"answer\":\"The study used national survey data from the Korean Retirement and Income Study (KReIS) across six waves from 2011 to 2021, analyzing 15,103 observations from 2,717 older adults.\"},{\"question\":\"How many depressive symptom trajectories were identified?\",\"answer\":\"A four-trajectory model was selected based on best model fit, representing constantly low, constantly high, increasing, and decreasing depressive symptoms.\"},{\"question\":\"Which factors were linked to depressive symptoms in different trajectory groups?\",\"answer\":\"In the reducing group, family co-residence, health satisfaction, hobby satisfaction, and relationship satisfaction were negatively associated with depressive symptoms. In the increasing group, health and hobby satisfaction were negatively associated, while medical expenditure was positively associated with depression.\"}]","TRAJECTORIES OF DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN OLDER ADULTS - ANALYSIS OF THE KOREAN RETIREMENT AND INCOME STUDY | PDF",1790642502]